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Tectonic evolution of structures in Southern Sindh Monocline,Indus Basin,Pakistan formed in multi-extensional tectonic episodes of indian plate

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2018年第5期9卷 358-366页

作者： Shabeer Ahmed Sarfraz Hussain Solangi Muhammad Saeed Khan Jadoon Adeel Nazeer Centre for Pure and Applied Geology University of Sindh Oil and Gas Development Company Limited

There are a number of structures and structural styles found in extensional tectonic settings of the world,and it is a big challenge to study the evolution of these structures. Evolution of structures formed in extensional tectonic settings have been studied by researchers on different extensional basins of the world. Southern Sindh Monocline lies on the western corner of indian plate and the tectonic history of indian plate has also experienced different extensional episodes, and its journey rifted from Gondwanaland to its final welding to Asia. The aim of this study is to figure out the evolution of structures in the subsurface of Southern Sindh Monocline, Pakistan using the seismic data interpretation and flattening of horizons approach. Structures within the subsurface of Southern Sindh Monocline have been characterized by different tectonic episodes of indian plate while rifting from Gondwanaland, rifting from other plates at different geological times and to its collision with the Asia. Basic structures within study area are classified into nine types while the structural styles have been classified into six types as horst and grabens, dominos, crotch, synthetic and antithetic, negative and flashlight structural style. The structures within the study area revealed evidence for three major structural episodes which can be characterized as Episode 1: Structures associated with rifting of indian plate from Gondwanaland during Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, Episode 2: Modification and reactivation of previous structures while Madagascar rifted from indian plate during the Middle Cretaceous and during Episode 3: Inversion and reactivation of structures occurred when indian plate collided with Asia during Early Eocene.

关键词： Tectonic evolution Episodes Structures Sindh Monocline Pakistan indian plate Eurasian plate Seismic data

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Velocity structure and radial anisotropy beneath the northeastern Tibetan plateau revealed by eikonal equation-based teleseismic P-wave traveltime tomography

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第5期65卷 824-844页

作者： Mengyang LI Shaolin LIU Dinghui YANG Xiwei XU Wenhao SHEN Chaodi XIE Wenshuai WANG Shuxin YANG National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China School of Earth Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Department of Mathematical Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Mathematics and Statistics Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

The northeastern Tibetan plateau serves as the frontier for the northeastward expansion of the *** this area,the Tibetan plateau interacts with the surrounding blocks,such as the Alxa Block,the Ordos Block,the Kunlun-West Qinling belt and the Sichuan *** of this expansion and interaction,this area suffers from intense *** present,the evolution and deformation mechanisms of the northeastern Tibetan plateau remain *** provide new insights into these mechanisms,in this study,we conduct tomography of the P-wave velocity and radial anisotropy structures beneath the northeastern Tibetan *** choose a total of 667 teleseismic earthquakes from August 2006 to October *** of these earthquakes were recorded by 921 broadband seismic stations in the northeastern Tibetan plateau and surrounding *** first perform cross-correlation on waveforms of each station pair and obtain 770,749 P-wave traveltime ***,we invert the differential traveltime data by applying eikonal equation-based teleseismic ***,the P-wave velocity and radial anisotropy structures at depths from 30 to 800 km below the northeastern Tibetan plateau are *** tomographic model shows clear low-velocity anomalies and positive radial anisotropy in the lower crust under the northeastern Qilian orogen,the northeastern Songpan-Ganzi belt and the western Qinling fold *** features are integrated to demonstrate the existence of lower crustal flow in the study *** low-velocity anomalies and positive radial anisotropy are found in the uppermost mantle beneath the Qilian orogen,the northeastern Songpan-Ganzi belt and western Qinling fold *** characteristics are combined to infer a weak lithosphere and horizontal asthenospheric flow under these tectonic *** the Ordos Block and the Sichuan Basin exhibit clear high-velocity anomalies and negative radial anisotropy in the uppermost mantle,thereby reflect

关键词： Northeastern Tibetan plateau Tomography P-wave velocity Radial anisotropy structure indian plate

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plate convergence in the Indo-Pacific region

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第4期38卷 1008-1017页

作者： SUN Weidong ZHANG Lipeng LIAO Renqiang SUN Saijun LI Congying LIU He Center of Deep Sea Research Institute of OceanologyCenter for Ocean Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The Indo-Pacific convergence region is the best target to solve the teo remaining challenges of the plate tectonics theory,i.e.,subduction initiation and the driving force of plate *** studies proposed that the Izu-Bonin subduction initiation belongs to spontaneous initiation,which implies that it started from extension,followed by low angle *** geodynamic modeling suggests that the initiation of plate subduction likely occurred along a transform fault,which put the young spreading ridge in direct contact with old oceanic ***,however,does not explain the simultaneous subduction initiation in the west Pacific region in the ***,the subduction initiations in the Izu-BoninMariana,the Aleutian,and the Tonga-Kermadec trenches are associated with oceanic crusts of different ages,yet they occurred at roughly the same time,suggesting that they were all triggered by a maj or change in the Pacific ***,low angle subduction induces compression rather than extension,which requires external compression *** that the famous Hawaiian-Emperor bending occurred roughly at the same time with the onset of westward subductions in the west Pacific,we propose that these Cenozoic subductions were initiated by the steering of the Pacific plate,which are classified as induced *** subduction initiation usually occurs in young ocean basins,forming single-track *** closure s of Neo-Tethys Oceans were likely triggered by plume s in the south,forming northward ***,the indian plate kept on moving northward more than 50 Ma after the collision between the indian and Eurasian continents and the break-off of the subducted oceanic slab attached to *** strongly suggests that slab pull is not the main driving force of plate tectonics,whereas slab sliding is.

关键词： plate tectonics subduction initiation drifting history Pacific plate indian plate slab sliding

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Geodetic characterization of active Katrol Hill Fault(KHF)of Central Mainland Kachchh,western India

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第3期13卷 247-253页

作者： Donupudi Suribabu Rakesh K.Dumka Joydeep Paikray Girish Ch.Kothyari Mahesh Thakkar Kandadai V.Swamy Ajay K.Taloor Sandip Prajapati Institute of Seismological Research RaysanGandhinagarGujarat382009India Department of Earth and Environmental Science KSKV UniversityBhujKachchhIndia Adikavi Nannaya University RajahMundaryA.PIndia Department of Remote Sensing and GIS University of JammuJammuIndia

After the M7.7 earthquake in 2001,the Kachchh rift basin became the focus of various geological and geophysical researches on the western indian *** an essential technology,the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)has been utilized to study the deformation pattern in the central mainland *** select the east-west striking Katrol Hill Fault(KHF)as the study area and analyze the crustal deformation pattern using the datasets from 2014 to *** geodetic results along the KHF reveal a mean deformation of about 2.1 mm per year,which is higher in the eastern part and lower in the central and western *** investigation of deformation and derived strain reveals the segmented behavior of KHF,while the dominance of compressive strain(maximum 22 nanostrain/yr)in the eastern segment makes it the most active segment of the KHF.A higher deformation rate along the eastern KHF can be considered significant in terms of seismic hazard for this part of the indian plate.

关键词： Geodesy GNSS Deformation Strain indian plate

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Focal　mechanism　and　modern　stress　field　along　the　Burmese　Arc　and　its　vicinity

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Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition) 1994年第4期7卷 577-585页

作者：李鸿吉秦建业 1. Institute of Geophysics State Seismological Bureau 100081 Beijing China 2. Geophysics Division Department of Physics University of Toronto M5S 1A7 Toronto Ontario Canada

It is generally accepted that the Burmese Arc represents a transition zone between the Himalayan collision belt and the Indonesian Arc. The detail analysis of focal mechanism in the Burmese Arc and its vicinity now implicates two dominant factors responsible for the prevailing stress field in the region. The first is the indian plate motion, which produces a SSW-NNE compressive stressl the second is the overthrusting of the Eurasian plate above the indian plate, which results in a NEE-SWW compressive stress and a tensile stress approximately perpendicular to the main tectonic lines. The flow of material from the deep crust of Tibet to Burmese region facilitates the overthrusting. The two share a common dynamic source, namely, the NNE motion of the indian plate.

关键词： focal mechanism modern stress field Burmese Arc indian plate

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Sn velocity tomography beneath the Himalayan collision zone and surrounding regions

Sn velocity tomography beneath the Himalayan collision zone ...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2013年度（第13届）学术年会

作者： Yan L Bin Liu Sidao Ni Shunping Pei Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Key Laboratory of Dynamical Geodesy Institute of Geodesy and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Continental Collision and plateau uplift Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

We present a tomographic Sn velocity model of the uppermost mantle beneath the Himalayan collision zone and surrounding regions.A total of 43,905 Sn phases are used in the *** average Sn velocity in the study area is approximately 4.6 km/s,and the velocity perturbations reach 0.2 km/*** Sn velocity distribution is consistent with Pn tomography results obtained *** velocities are found under the indian plate, the Tarim Basin,and the Sichuan Basin,whereas low Sn velocities are found beneath the Myanmar region,the Hindu-Kush region,and the Lhasa block and western Qiangtang *** results support the idea that the lithosphere of the indian plate is subducted into the mantle and causes the upwelling of hot *** eastwest variability of the Sn velocity beneath the indian plate and southern Tibet indicates that the underthrusting of the indian continental lithosphere may be in a piecewise *** differences between the thermal structure of the crust and upper mantle in southern Tibet suggest that this region may be represented by a tectonic model of hot crust and cold mantle,supporting the idea that crustal material flow may occur in this region.

关键词： Sn velocity tomography indian plate

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