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Poleward Expansion of the Hadley Circulation in CMIP5 Simulations

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2013年第3期30卷 790-795页

作者：胡永云陶利军刘骥平 Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Sciences Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of Physics Peking University State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Observational analyses have demonstrated that the Hadley circulation has expanded poleward in recent decades. Important issues are what caused the widening of the Hadley circulation and whether the observed widening is related to anthropogenic forcing. In the present study, we use currently available simulations of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase-5 （CMIP5） to analyze changes in the width of the Hadley circulation. It is found that CMIP5 historical simulations with greenhouse gas （GHG） forcing generate a total widening of ,-0.15°±0.06°in latitude （10 yr）-1 for the period 1979-2005, and the widening in CMIP5 historical simulations with all forcings is -0.17°± 0.06° per decade. Similar to that in CMIP3, the simulated poleward expansion in CMIP5 is much weaker than the observational reanalyses. In CMIP5 projection simulations for the 21st century, magnitudes of widening of the Hadley circulation increase with radiative forcing. For the extreme projected radiative forcing of RCP8.5, the total annual-mean widening of the Hadley circulation is -0.27°±0.04° （10 yr）-1 in the 21st century. Although CMIP5 underestimates observed poleward expansion of the Hadley circulation, the results of this study suggest that the observed trends in the width of the Hadley circulation are caused by anthropogenic forcing and that increasing GHGs play an important role in the observed poleward expansion of the Hadley circulation, in addition to other foreings emphasized in previous studies.

关键词： global warming Hadley circulation increasing greenhouse gases CMIP5

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Stratospheric Temperature Changes and Ozone Recovery in the 21st Century

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 2009年第3期23卷 263-275页

作者：胡永云夏炎高梅吕达仁 Department of Atmospheric Sciences Peking University Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

increasing greenhouse gases and likely ozone recovery will be the two most important factors influencing changes in stratospheric temperatures in the 21st century. The radiative effect of increasing greenhouse gases will cause cooling in the stratosphere, while ozone recovery will lead to stratospheric warming. To investigate how stratospheric temperatures change under the two opposite forcings in the 21st century, we use observed ozone and reanalysis data as well as simulation results from four coupled oceanic and atmo- spheric general circulation models （GISS-ER, GFDL-CM20, NCAR-CCSM3, and UKMO-HadCM3） used in the IPCC （Intergovernment Panel for Climate Change） Fourth Assessment Report （AR4）. Observational analysis shows that total column ozone and lower stratospheric temperatures all show increasing in the past 10 years, while middle stratospheric temperatures demonstrate cooling. IPCC AR4 simulations show that greenhouse forcing alone will lead to stratospheric cooling. However, with forcing of both increasing greenhouse gases and ozone recovery, the middle stratosphere will be cooled, while the lower stratosphere will be warmed. Warming magnitudes vary from one model to another. UKMO-HadCM3 generates relatively strong warming for all three greenhouse scenarios, and warming extends to 40 hPa. GFDL-CM20 and NCAR-CCSM3 produce weak warming, and warming mainly exists at lower levels, below about 60 hPa. In addition, we also discuss the effect of temperature changes on ozone recovery.

关键词： stratosphere increasing greenhouse gases ozone recovery climate change IPCC AR4

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Comparison of trends in the Hadley circulation between CMIP6 and CMIP5

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Science Bulletin 2020年第19期65卷 1667-1674,M0004页

作者： Yan Xia Yongyun Hu Jiping Liu College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences University at AlbanyState University of New YorkAlbanyNY 12222USA

There have been extensive studies on poleward expansion of the Hadley cells and the associated poleward shift of subtropical dry zones in the past *** the present study,we study the trends in the width and strength of the Hadley cells,using currently available simulation results of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase-6(CMIP6),and compare the trends with that in CMIP5 *** results show that the total annual-mean trend in the width of the Hadley cells is 0.13°±0.02°per decade over 1970–2014 in CMIP6 historical All-forcing *** is almost the same as that in *** trend in the strength of the Northern-Hemisphere(NH)cell shows much greater weakening in CMIP6 than in CMIP5,while the strength trend in the Southern-Hemisphere(SH)cell shows slight ***-forcing simulations demonstrate that increasing greenhouse gases cause widening and weakening of both the NH and SH Hadley cells,while anthropogenic aerosols and stratospheric ozone changes cause weak strengthening trends in the SH ***6 projection simulation results show that both the widening and weakening trends increase with radiative forcing.

关键词： Hadley circulation Global warming increasing greenhouse gases Stratospheric ozone Anthropogenic aerosols Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase-6(CMIP6)

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