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Analysis on the Reform and Improvement of Institutions Retiree income System

社会主义经济理论与实践 2013年第12期 3-9页

作者：蔡昉

传统观念把公平与效率相割裂，妨碍人们正确地认识收入差距不断扩大的现实，误导政府的收入分配政策。本文旨在提供一个公平与效率相统一的理论框架，并在此基础上分析中国收入分配中存在的问题。结合中国改革开放期间的现实，我们列举... 详细信息

传统观念把公平与效率相割裂，妨碍人们正确地认识收入差距不断扩大的现实，误导政府的收入分配政策。本文旨在提供一个公平与效率相统一的理论框架，并在此基础上分析中国收入分配中存在的问题。结合中国改革开放期间的现实，我们列举了一系列从正反两个方面影响收入分配的因素，揭示导致收入分配不公的体制根源，其中给予灰色收入产生的原因特别的关注。在分析的基础上，本文提出收入分配相关制度配套改革的政策建议。

关键词：公平效率收入分配配套改革 equity efficiency income distribution synthetic reforms

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2013年第2期30卷 164-168页

作者：沈良安程洁张薇 Personnel Department Donghua University

Norms of the institution retiree subsidies are important measures to protect and improve people's livelihood, as well as maintain the stability of the retiree group. The income of institution retiree was studied by analyzing its policies and implementations, also some problems were pointed out such as lacking of subsidy standards,no convergence with the historical data,and the existence of special subsidies. Hence,in order to make a smooth transition and improve the pension insurance system of institution, implementing differentiating subsidies and establishing multi-pillar pension insurance system were proposed to solve the problems above.

关键词： institutions pension insurance system income distribution

From Equality of Deprivation to Disparity of Prosperity： The Poverty-Growth-Inequality Triangle in Post-reform China

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China & World Economy 2018年第2期26卷 50-67页

作者： Guanghua Wan Chen Wang Hua Yin Yan Zhang Professor School of Economics Chongqing Technology and Business University China Assistant Professor School of Urban and Regional Science Shanghai University of Finance and Economics China Assistant Professor School of Shanghai Development Shanghai University of Finance and Economics China (corresponding author) Specially-Appointed Professor School of Economics Chongqing Technology and Business University China

In the post-reform era, China achieved poverty reduction that was unprecedented in human history This poverty reduction was accompanied by fast growth and worsening income distribution. The present paper examines the poverty-growth-inequality triangle in China by.＂（i） providing growth, inequality and poverty profiles at the national and provincial levels; （ii） uncovering the contributions of growth and inequality changes to poverty reduction; and, finally, （iii） drawing lessons for other developing countries. Based on the World Bank＇s definition of the poverty line, China has already eliminated abject poverty, even though the poverty rate was as high as 88.3 percent in 1981. The remarkable record in poverty reduction is predominantly attributable to growth. The effect of inequality varied in different periods. In addition, the impact of growth on poverty reduction is found to be diminishing over time, a phenomenon worth further research and policy attention.

关键词： China income distribution poverty-growth-inequality triangle

Demand-Side Reform:A New Mission to Promote the Dual Circulation Development Pattern

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2023年第3期18卷 324-335页

作者： LIU Zhibiao Business School Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Beginning with increasing effective demand,thedemand-sidereformadvocates for the strategy to expand domestic demand,rectifies distortions in the demand structure,and further aligns demand and supply by reforming the mechanisms for demand formation and regulation,matching supply and demand structures,and easing restrictions on *** will enhance economic growth potential and operational *** demandside reform contributes to developing a super-large-scale market and optimize market functions to form a unified national *** also helps address significant structural distortions within domestic circulation and move faster to form a new development pattern of dual *** demand-side reform inevitably deals with the vested interests of stakeholders,it presents challenges on par with supplyside structural ***,due attention must be given in terms of priority and weight by increasing operational and property household income,transforming governmentt functions,rectifying any excessive market-orientedreforms in certain public service sectors,among others.

关键词： demand-side reform dual circulation development pattern unified market building income distribution market-oriented reform of factors

China's Export-led Growth Strategy:An International Comparison

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China & World Economy 2010年第4期18卷 18-33页

作者： Yingfeng Xu Associate Professor Department of Economics University of Alberta Edmonton

A pressing challenge for China is determining where to accommodate millions of migrant workers displaced by the closing of many export-oriented factories. The current global financial crisis＂ has exposed the fragility of the export-led growth strategy China has adopted over the past 30years. Is there a better alternative for providing non-agricultural jobs than the sweatshops of cheap export production？ In the present paper, international experience is reviewed to shed light on China＇s situation. Using pooled regression models, we analyze data from the World Bank for 209 economies. We investigate the experience of other economies to answer the following questions： What is the common process of expanding the nonagricultural economy？ How is that process affected by the level of the real exchange rate？ Is export production a common way of absorbing surplus rural labor？ Finally, what are the ways that domestic demand and service employment can be expanded？

关键词： export led growth external imbalance income distribution industrialization

Wealth concentration among residents under the economic financialisation in China

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Economic and Political Studies 2017年第1期5卷 106-125页

作者： Yang Ge Ting Wang School of Economics Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina

income distribution has always been a public ***,there is little research that seeks to explore the relationship between economic financialisation and wealth *** Piketty,the author of Capital in the Twenty-first Century,reviews the history of wealth distribution since the Industrial Revolution and attempts to probe into the law between capital development and wealth distribution inequality with bulk *** by Piketty’s research,this article looks into the ways in which capitalisation affects wealth distribution under the rapid development of economic financialisation in contemporary *** doing so,it applies econometric methods with a rigorous analysis.

关键词： Economic financialisation income distribution wealth accumulation capital income inequality

Export Dependence and Sustainability of Growth in China

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China & World Economy 2011年第1期19卷 1-23页

作者： Yilmaz Akyüz Division on Globalization and Development Strategies UNCTADGenevaSwitzerland

This paper examines the contribution of exports to growth in China since the early years of the decade. It is estimated that, despite a high import content ranging between 40 and 50 percent, approximately one-third of Chinese growth before the global crisis was a result of exports, due to their phenomenal growth of some 25 percent per annum. This figure increases to 50percent if spillovers to consumption and investment are allowed for. The main reason for excessive dependence on foreign markets is underconsumption. This is due not so much to a high share of household savings in GDP as to a low share of household income and a high share of profits. It is argued that China can no longer maintain such high growth rates for its exports, and, therefore, needs to turn to consumption-led growth by expanding the share of wages and household income in GDP and accelerating public spending in social infrastructure.

关键词： China consumption-led growth export dependence income distribution trade and growth

Understanding High Saving Rate in China

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China & World Economy 2007年第1期15卷 1-13页

作者： Xinhua He Yongfu Cao Senior Fellow Institute of World Economics and Politics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Beijing China. Assistant Research Fellow Institute of World Economics and Polities Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Beijing China.

This paper presents a detailed analysis of the Chinese saving rate based on the flow offunds data. It finds that the most widely adopted view of precautionary saving, which is regarded as the top reason for maintaining a high saving rate in China, is misleading because this conclusion is drawn from the household survey data. In fact, the household saving rate has declined dramatically since the mid-1990s, as is observed from the flow of funds framework. The high national saving rate is attributed to the increasing shares of both government and corporation disposable incomes. Insufficient consumption demand is caused by the persistent decrease in percentage share of household to national disposable income. Governmentdirected income redistribution urgently needs to be improved to accelerate consumption, which in turn would make the Chinese economy less investment-led and help to reduce the current account surplus.

关键词： flow of funds income distribution saving rate

The Rise of China's Global Middle Class in an International Context

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China & World Economy 2022年第1期30卷 5-27页

作者： Terry Sicular Xiuna Yang Bjorn Gustafsson Department of Economics Social Science CentreUniversity of Western OntarioCanada Research Department One China Development Research FoundationChina Department of Social Work University of GothenburgSwedenand Research FellowInstitute for Labor Economics(IZA)Germany

We estimate the size of the global middle class in China and 33 other countries and analyze China’s expanding middle class in an international ***“ghbal middle class”is defined in terms of being neither poor nor rich in the developed ***’s global middle class has grown rapidly and has been catching up with the middle class in developed *** 2018 China’s global middle class constituted 25 percent of China s population;in absolute size it was nearly double the size of the global middle class in the US and was similar in size to that of ***-country analysis of the relationship between the middle-class share of the total population and GDP per capita reveals an inverted-U *** is not an outlier from the cross-country pattern but the speed with which its middle-class has expanded is *** only other countries with similarly large,rapid expansions of the middle class are transition economies.

关键词： China income distribution middle class transition