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In operando study of orthorhombic V_(2)O_(5) as positive electrode materials for K-ion batteries

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 627-636,I0015页

作者： Qiang Fu Angelina Sarapulova Lihua Zhu Georgian Melinte Alexander Missyul Edmund Welter xianlin Luo Michael Knapp Helmut Ehrenberg Sonia Dsoke Institute for Applied Materials(IAM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1D-76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany Helmholtz Institute Ulm for Electrochemical Energy Storage(HIU) Helmholtzstrasse 1189081 UlmGermany Institute of Nanotechnology(INT) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1D-76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron E-08290 Cerdanyola del VallesBarcelonaSpain Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestraße 85D-22607 HamburgGermany

Herein, the electrochemical performance and the mechanism of potassium insertion/deinsertion in orthorhombic V_(2)O_(5) nanoparticles are studied. The V2O5 electrode displays an initial potassiation/depotassiation capacity of 200 mAh g^(−1)/217 mAh g^(−1) in the voltage range 1.5–4.0 V vs. K^(+)/K at C/12 rate, suggesting fast kinetics for potassium insertion/deinsertion. However, the capacity quickly fades during cycling, reaching 54 mAh g^(−1) at the 31st cycle. Afterwards, the capacity slowly increases up to 80 mAh g^(−1) at the 200th cycle. The storage mechanism upon K ions insertion into V2O5 is elucidated. In operando synchrotron diffraction reveals that V_(2)O_(5) first undergoes a solid solution to form K_(0.6)V_(2)O_(5) phase and then, upon further K ions insertion, it reveals coexistence of a solid solution and a two-phase reaction. During K ions deinsertion, the coexistence of solid solution and the two-phase reaction is identified together with an irreversible process. In operando xAS confirms the reduction/oxidation of vanadium during the K insertion/extraction with some irreversible contributions. This is consistent with the results obtained from synchrotron diffraction, ex situ Raman, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (xPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, ex situ xPS confirms the “cathode electrolyte interphase” (CEI) formation on the electrode and the decomposition of CEI film during cycling.

关键词： Orthorhombic V_(2)O_(5) In operando synchrotron diffraction in operando x-ray absorption spectroscopy K-ion batteries

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