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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第8期24卷 1386-1393页

作者： W.O.Wan Maznah A.T.Al-Fawwaz Misni Surif School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 PenangMalaysia Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies(CEMACS) Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 PenangMalaysia Centre for Distance Education Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 PenangMalaysia

In this study, the biosorption of copper and zinc ions by Chlorella sp. and Chlamydomonas sp. isolated from local environments in Malaysia was investigated in a batch system and by microscopic analyses. Under optimal biosorption conditions, the biosorption capacity of Chlorella sp. for copper and zinc ions was 33.4 and 28.5 mg/g, respectively, after 6 hr of biosorption in an immobilised system. Batch experiments showed that the biosorption capacity of algal biomass immobilised in the form of sodium alginate beads was higher than that of the free biomass. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses revealed that copper and zinc were mainly sorbed at the cell surface during biosorption. Exposure to 5 mg/L of copper and zinc affected both the chlorophyll content and cell count of the algal cells after the first 12 hr of contact time.

关键词： green algae biosorption copper zinc immobilisation

Systematic adsorption process of petroleum hydrocarbon by immobilised petroleum-degradation bacteria system in degradation pathways

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Petroleum Science 2021年第5期18卷 1543-1550页

作者： Xin-Ge Fu Ke Shi Jian-Liang Xue Chuan Chen Yu Bai Yan-Lu Qiao Yi-Xuan Liu Xiang-Ming Hu Yu Gao Hao Yu College of Safety and Environmental Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong266590China School of Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHaerbinHeilongjiang150001China Chinaunicom System Integration Co LtdNo.131Xidan North RoadBeijing100085China College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong266590China

In order to effectively control petroleum hydrocarbon pollution by immobilisation technology,it is necessary to understanding the degradation pathways of petroleum hydrocarbon in immobilised petroleum-degradation bacteria ***,the adsorption in degradation process is rarely *** this study,adsorption process of petroleum hydrocarbon was synergistically studied by means of the surface properties,adsorption thermodynamics and molecular *** results indicate that the immobilised petroleum-degradation bacteria have many holes for the bacteria to *** diesel adsorption by immobilised petroleum-degradation bacteria is a spontaneous,entropy-increasing and endothermic *** is first adsorbed to the surface of immobilised petroleum-degradation bacteria through hydrogen bonding,and then is *** study provided substantial knowledge of immobilised technology in controlling petroleum hydrocarbon pollution.

关键词： Petroleum hydrocarbon pollution immobilisation Adsorption-biodegradation Molecular simulation Bioremediation

Algae-Silica Hybrid Materials for Biosorption of Heavy Metals

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2010年第2期2卷 115-122页

作者： Ulrich Soltmann Sabine Matys Gunter Kieszig Wolfgang Pompe Horst Bottcher 不详

Algae-silica hybrid materials for biosorption purposes were prepared using sol-gel technology. The resulting biological ceramics (biocers) ought to combine the mechanical stability and porosity of the silicate matrix with the algae’s capability for the biosorption for heavy metals. The structure, mechanical properties, and sorption capability of such algae-silicate materials were investigated. Comparative equilibrium sorption ex-periments were performed batchwise with 13 different microalgae and macroalgae powders, and the corre-sponding algae biocers using waters loaded with either concentrations of nickel below 3mg/L or a mixture of different heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb). The algae biocers showed good mechanical stability up to an algae content of 30-50% and a total porosity of 40-60%. The silica matrix itself was involved in the sorption of metals. The metal binding capability of embedded macroalgae biomass was unaffected by immobilisation in the silica matrix. In contrast, for waters with nickel or different heavy metals, reduced sorption capability was shown by embedded microalgae.

关键词： Biosorption Algae Sol-Gel Process immobilisation Heavy Metals Biological Ceramics

When Computers Can Kill—Two Unusual Cases of “E-Thrombosis”

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2018年第4期9卷 335-340页

作者： Nausheen Doctor Puneet Seth Alexandra Hospital Sengkang Health Singapore Singapore Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore Singapore School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common and potentially fatal vascular event when it leads to pulmonary embolism. Occurring as part of the broader phenomenon of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE), DVT classically arises when Virchow’s triad of hypercoagulability, changes in blood flow (e.g. stasis) and endothelial dysfunction, is fulfilled. Although such immobilisation is most often seen in bedbound patients and travellers on long distance flights, there is increasing evidence that prolonged periods of work or leisure related to using computers while seated at work desks, is an independent risk factor. In this report, we present two cases of “e-thrombosis” from prolonged sitting while using a computer.

关键词： Deep Vein Thrombosis Seated immobilisation Venous Stasis Prolonged Sitting Computers

Colour Removal from Aqueous Solutions of the Reactive Azo Dye Remazol Black B Using the Immobilised Cells (Shewanella Strain J18 143) –***-Monomer System

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2010年第1期2卷 77-84页

作者： T. LI J. T. GUTHRIE 不详

Consideration is given here to colour removal, carried out using immobilised biological cells, Shewanella strain J18 143. In order to provide greater control of an overall colour removal process and to give a basis for the effective recovery of the cell culture species, cell immobilisation has been established on chemically modified cellulose. The modification was achieved by chemically inducing the graft copolymerisation of methacrylic acid onto cotton fabric. The immobilised cells were able to decolorise the dye. The immobilisation methods, physical adsorption, “growing-in” and chemical coupling, were compared. Each of the methods was effective to some extent. However, the latter two immobilisation methods provided the greater effect in decoloration. Each of these immobilised systems is relatively simple to achieve, whether by adsorption, physical interlocking or covalent coupling. The graft copolymer is able to offer versatility in use. The decoloration was shown to be rapid under relatively simple processing conditions. Thus, compared with the established controls, complete decoloration of solutions of Remazol Black B was observed. The potential use of the graft copolymer substrate as support for a biochemical agent was confirmed.

关键词： Reactive Azo Dyes Colour Removal immobilisation Immobilised Cells

A systematic review of the non-operative treatment of nightstick fractures

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A systematic review of the non-operative treatment of nights...

Hypo-activity induced skeletal muscle atrophy and potential nutritional interventions: A review

2013中国工程院科技论坛暨浙江省骨科学学术年会

作者： Xun-Zi Cai Shi-Gui Yan Grey Giddins

Non-operative methods are the mainstay of treatment for nightstick *** techniques of immobilisation or early mobilisation have been *** have performed a systematic review of all published randomized controlled trials and observational studies that have assessed the treatment of nightstick fractures with:above-elbow plaster(AEPOP);below-elbow plaster(BEPOP);bracing;and immediate mobilisation (IM).We searched multiple electronic databases,related bibliographies and grey *** included 27 of the 354 relevant literatures *** data relating to the radiological time to union and the rates of delayed union and non-union could be pooled and analyzed statistically. Our analyses indicated that IM had the shortest radiological time to union(mean 8.0 weeks) and the lowest nonunion rate(0.6%).immobilisation in above and below elbow plasters or braces had longer radiological times to union(9.2 weeks,9.2 weeks and 8.7 weeks,respectively) and higher rates of nonunion(3.3%, 2.1%and 0.8%,respectively).No statistical difference was found in the nonunion rate and the delayed union rate between IM and three modalities of immobilisation(p=0.1421.000).All the studies had significant biases but until a robust RCT is published the best advice for the treatment of undisplaced or partially displaced nightstick fractures appears to be early mobilisation with a removable forearm support for comfort as required.

关键词： Braces Cast Fractures immobilisation Review Ulna

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World Journal of Translational Medicine 2013年第3期2卷 36-48页

作者： Emma L Bostock Christopher I Morse Keith Winwood Islay Mc Ewan Gladys L Onambélé-Pearson Institute for Performance Research Department of Exercise and Sport ScienceManchester Metropolitan University Crewe CW1 5DU United Kingdom

Periods of hypo-activity result in profound changes in skeletal muscle morphology and strength. This review primarily addresses the differential impact of de-training, bed-rest, limb immobilisation and unilateral lower limb suspension on muscle morphology, strength and fatigability. The degree of muscle atrophy differs depending on the hypo-activity model and the muscles in question, with the leg and postural muscles being the most susceptible to atrophy. Hypo-activity also results in the dramatic loss of strength that often surpasses the loss of muscle mass, and consequently, the nervous system and contractile properties adapt to adjust for this excessive loss of strength. In addition, the degree of muscle strength loss is different depending on the hypo-activity model, with immobilisation appearing to have a greater impact on strength than unloaded models. There is a step-wise difference in the magnitude of muscle loss so that, even after accounting for differential durations of interventions immobilisation ≥ unilateral lower limb suspension ≥ bed-rest ≥ de-training. Muscle fatigability varies between hypoactivity models but the results are equivocal and thismay be due to task-specific adaptations. This review also addresses potential nutritional interventions for attenuating hypo-activity induced muscle atrophy and strength declines, in the absence of exercise. Essential amino acid supplementation stands as a strong candidate but other supplements are good contenders for attenuating hypo-activity induced atrophy and strength losses. Several potential nutritional supplements are highlighted that could be used to combat muscle atrophy but extensive research is needed to determine the most effective.

关键词： immobilisation Disuse Muscle size Muscle strength Nutrition supplementation Muscle fatigability