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Environment Development and Health Safety System in Rural Areas of Bangladesh (Noakhali and Lakshmipur Districts)

Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第2期15卷 193-225页

作者： Asif Kader Department of Environmental Sciences and Management Jahangirnagar University Savar Bangladesh

At present time, Bangladesh is developing its position in all sectors of world prosperity. Economic development of Bangladesh depends on working ability of whole population of this country, although Bangladesh is not developed in health status of its whole population. A large percentage of people live in rural areas without any proper shelter. This study revealed the environmental development and health safety system in rural areas of Bangladesh, which is located in Noakhali and Lakshmipur districts of Bangladesh. Many sections were studied, which are the main structure of environmental development and health safety system of southeastern region of Bangladesh. The study found that there were three types of handicraft enterprises in the surveyed area such as handicraft input, like palm leaf, factories, Betel nut businesses, and Coconut businesses were headed and owned by the women and they were unaware of their health, environment and waste management or reduction of pollution. This study also reveals that microentrepreneurs did not ensure purified water supply and hygienic toilets within enterprises in the study area. The study also found that a significant portion of the microentrepreneurs are workers, and their family members were always fewer users of protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study identified that most MEs faced transport or carrying facilities or big costing problems, including problems in available services for raw materials in the high category. In contrast, the high cost of transport facilities was very intensive in the study area. Moreover, it found that Microentrepreneurs (MEs) faced high product marketing costs for transport facilities, and a lack of proper pricing of the products in the study area. In addition, it explored that most of the microentrepreneurs did not receive sufficient credit support, and they faced negative attitudes and delayed responses from the credit services providers in the study area. It also found that the majority of the microentrepreneurs argued

关键词： COVID-19 Handicraft ingredients Microenterprise Environment Climate-Change Waste-Management

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Methodologies on estimating the energy requirements for maintenance and determining the net energy contents of feed ingredients in swine:a review of recent work

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第3期9卷 518-530页

作者： Zhongchao Li Hu Liu akui Li Zhiqian Lv Ling Liu Changhua Lai Junjun Wang Fenglai Wang Defa Li Shuai Zhang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry CentreChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

In the past two decades, a considerable amount of research has focused on the determination of the digestible(DE) and metabolizable energy(ME) contents of feed ingredients fed to swine. Compared with the DE and ME systems, the net energy(NE) system is assumed to be the most accurate estimate of the energy actually available to the animal. However, published data pertaining to the measured NE content of ingredients fed to growing pigs are limited. Therefore, the Feed Data Group at the Ministry of Agricultural Feed Industry Centre(MAFIC) located at China Agricultural University has evaluated the NE content of many ingredients using indirect calorimetry. The present review summarizes the NE research works conducted at MAFIC and compares these results with those from other research groups on methodological aspect. These research projects mainly focus on estimating the energy requirements for maintenance and its impact on the determination, prediction, and validation of the NE content of several ingredients fed to swine. The estimation of maintenance energy is affected by methodology, growth stage,and previous feeding level. The fasting heat production method and the curvilinear regression method were used in MAFIC to estimate the NE requirement for maintenance. The NE contents of different feedstuffs were determined using indirect calorimetry through standard experimental procedure in MAFIC. Previously generated NE equations can also be used to predict NE in situations where calorimeters are not available. Although popular, the caloric efficiency is not a generally accepted method to validate the energy content of individual feedstuffs. In the future,more accurate and dynamic NE prediction equations aiming at specific ingredients should be established, and more practical validation approaches need to be developed.

关键词： Heat production ingredients Maintenance Net energy Prediction equations Validation

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Screening and verifying potential NTCP inhibitors from herbal medicinal ingredients using the LLC-PK1 cell model stably expressing human NTCP

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2016年第7期14卷 549-560页

作者： SHEN Zhuo-Wei LUO Meng-Yue HU Hai-Hong ZHOU Hui JIANG Hui-Di YU Lu-Shan ZENG Su Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug ResearchCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University

NTCP is specifically expressed on the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes, participating in the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts, especially conjugated bile salts, to maintain bile salts homeostasis. In addition, recent studies have found that NTCP is a functional receptor of HBV and HDV. Therefore, it is important to study the interaction between drugs and NTCP and identify the inhibitors/substrates of NTCP. In the present study, a LLC-PK1 cell model stably expressing human NTCP was established, which was simple and suitable for high throughput screening, and utilized to screen and verify the potential inhibitors of NTCP from 102 herbal medicinal ingredients. The results showed that ginkgolic acid(GA)(13 : 0), GA(15 : 1), GA(17 : 1), erythrosine B, silibinin, and emodin have inhibitory effects on NTCP uptake of TCNa in a concentration-dependent manner. Among them, GA(13 : 0) and GA(15 : 1) exhibited the stronger inhibitory effects, with IC_(50) values being less than 8.3 and 13.5 mmol·L^(-1), respectively, than the classical inhibitor, cyclosporin A(CsA)(IC_(50) = 20.33 mmol·L^(-1)). Further research demonstrated that GA(13 : 0), GA(15 : 1), GA(17 : 1), silibinin, and emodin were not substrates of NTCP. These findings might contribute to a better understanding of the disposition of the herbal ingredients in vivo, especially in biliary excretion.

关键词： Herbal medicinal ingredients Human NTCP Inhibitor Transport Biliary excretion

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Roles of Chinese medicine bioactive ingredients in the regulation of cellular function of endothelial progenitor cells

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2014年第7期12卷 481-487页

作者： ZHAO Qi-Tao LI Bao-Feng KONG Hui School of Basic Medicine Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

To improve the function of endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs) is one of the goals in Chinese traditional therapy to treat various cardio-celebrovascular diseases. In the past decades, scholars in the field of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) have found fifteen active compounds to regulate the function of EPC. These metabolites are extracted from thirteen, plant-based Chinese medicine, with majority of them as potent reductive or oxidative hydrophilic molecules containing phenyl groups. These active compounds either enhance the mobilization of EPC, or inhibit their apoptosis through different signaling pathways. In this review, the molecular structure, biophysical properties, and the plant sources of these active ingredients and their regulatory effects on the function of EPC are summarized, aiming to reveal the modern basis of Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis at the progenitor cell level.

关键词： Chinese medicine bioactive ingredients Endothelial progenitor cells Cardio-cerebrovascular protection Mobiliza-tion Apoptosis Oxidative stress

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Model evaluation for the prediction of solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients(APIs) to guide solid–liquid separator design

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2018年第3期13卷 265-278页

作者： Kuveneshan Moodley Jürgen Rarey Deresh Ramjugernath Thermodynamics Research Unit School of Engineering University of KwaZulu-Natal Howard College Campus Industrial Chemistry Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg

The assumptions and models for solubility modelling or prediction in systems using nonpolar solvents, or water and complex triterpene and other active pharmaceutical ingredients as solutes aren't well studied. Furthermore, the assumptions concerning heat capacity effects(negligibility, experimental values or approximations) are explored, using non-polar solvents(benzene), or water as reference solvents, for systems with solute melting points in the range of 306–528 K and molecular weights in the range of 90–442 g/mol. New empirical estimation methods for the Δ_(fus)C_(pi) of APIs are presented which correlate the solute molecular masses and van der Waals surface areas with Δ_(fus)C_(pi). Separate empirical parameters were required for oxygenated and non-oxygenated solutes. Subsequently, the predictive capabilities of the various approaches to solubility modelling for complex pharmaceuticals,for which data is limited, are analysed. The solute selection is based on a principal component analysis, considering molecular weights, fusion temperatures, and solubilities in a non-polar solvent, alcohol, and water, where data was available. New NRTL-SAC parameters were determined for selected steroids, by regression. The original UNIFAC, modified UNIFAC(Dortmund), COSMO-RS(OL), and COSMO-SAC activity coefficient predictions are then conducted, based on the availability of group constants and sigma profiles. These are undertaken to assess the predictive capabilities of these models when each assumption concerning heat capacity is employed. The predictive qualities of the models are assessed, based on the mean square deviation and provide guidelines for model selection, and assumptions concerning phase equilibrium, when designing solid–liquid separators for the pharmaceutical industry on process simulation software. The most suitable assumption regarding Δ_(fus)C_(pi) was found to be system specific, with modified UNIFAC(Dortmund) performing well in benzene as a solvent system, while original UNIFAC performs better in aqueou

关键词： Solubility Solid–Liquid Equilibrium Model prediction Active pharmaceutical ingredients

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Cannabidiol and terpenes from hemp-ingredients for future foods and processing technologies

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Journal of Future Foods 2021年第2期1卷 113-127页

作者： Chang Chen Zhongli Pan Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

Hemp(Cannabis Sativa L.)is a broadly grown plant worldwide.In recent years,the cannabidiol(CBD)and terpene species in hemp have drawn increasing research interests due to their human health benefits and pharmaceutical values such as anti-anxiety,pain-relief,relaxation promotion,anti-inflammation and antimicrobial activities.However,the research and application of hemp CBD and terpenes in food systems are scarcely reported,because of various legal regulations,consumer basis and technological challenges.In addition,processing technologies of hemp such as drying,extraction and purifi cation for stable productions of high quality and food-safe CBD and terpene for food purposes have not been extensively studied,lacking thorough reviews.Therefore,in this comprehensive review,the basic characteristics of hemp CBD and terpenes,and their related legal regulations around the world are summarized;the status and technological challenges in the incorporation of hemp CBD and terpenes in food products,and in processing technologies of hemp biomass are identified and discussed;potential solutions,future trends,and research needs are highlighted.The fi ndings from this review may excite more food-related research on hemp processing and CBD/terpenes applications in foods.It can also help the hemp industry to improve the processing effi ciency of hemp as a valuable bioresource,and for food manufacturers to shape their paths to use hemp CBD and terpenes as future functional food ingredients.

关键词： Hemp Cannabidiol Terpene Functional foods ingredients Drying Extraction

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Developments and characteristics of craft beer production processes

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Food Bioscience 2022年第1期45卷 232-248页

作者： Salvador Villacreces Carlos A.Blanco Isabel Caballero Dpto de Ingeniería Agrícola Forestal ETS de Ingenierías AgrariasUniversidad de Valladolid34004Palencia.Spain

Beer is a popular drink and represents the most widely consumed alcoholic beverage in the world.In recent years,there has been a significant growth of independent craft breweries,even in countries without a brewing tradition.A craft brewery is usually defined as a small,independent and traditional brewery.Nowadays,consumers are looking for genuine,singular,different and high-quality products.Craft beer manufacturers have responded to this with the introduction of a novel combination of raw or malted cereals and have modified the beer flavours and taste with the addition of fruit,spices,etc.This work presents an analysis of the different aspects related to craft beer.Its characteristics and brewing singularities are analyzed.The quality and safety standards used are examined and future trends of craft beer are also discussed.

关键词： Craft beer ingredients Craft beer quality By-products Microbiological safety

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Effects of dietary fiber content and different fiber-rich ingredients on endogenous loss of fat and fatty acids in growing pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第3期10卷 745-758页

作者： Yifan Chen Zhenyu Wang Jian Ding Dongxu Ming Wenhui Wang Zhaoning Jiang Ling Liu Fenglai Wang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition China Agricultural UniversityNo.2 Yuanmingyuan West RoadBeijing 100193China National Animal Husbandry Service Building No.20Maizidian streetChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100125China

Background: Determination of the endogenous loss of fat(ELF) is used to adjust for the estimation of true total tract digestibility(TTTD) of fat in diets and ingredients.Any factor which affected ELF may further affect the digestibility of fat,including sources and concentrations of fat and fiber in the diet.There are some reports of determining the ELF using regression methods based on different levels of fat intake,while reports on effects of dietary fiber content and different fiber-rich ingredients in pig diets on ELF are very limited.Therefore,the objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary fiber content and different fiber-rich ingredients on endogenous losses of fat and fatty acids at the end of ileum and throughout the entire intestinal tract in growing pigs.Methods: In Exp.1,the effect of fiber content on endogenous loss of fat was determined using six growing pigs(Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire;27.6 ± 2.4 kg),fitted with a T-cannula at the end of ileum.The experimental design was a 6 × 6 complete Latin square design with six periods of feeding and six diets.The six experimental fat-free diets were formulated to include graded levels of neutral detergent fiber(NDF)(0,40,80,120,160 and 200 g/kg) and soybean hull(SH) was the only fiber source,providing 0,75,150,225,300 and 375 g/kg,respectively.Chromic oxide was included at4 g/kg in all diets as an indigestible marker.In Exp.2,six crossbred growing barrows(27.6 ± 1.6 kg) were used and the experimental design was the same as for Exp.1.The six fat-free diets were formulated to include six common fiber-rich ingredients and the concentration of NDF was 100 g/kg.The six fiber-rich ingredients were defatted rice bran(DRB),sugar beet pulp(SBP),rice hull(RH),corn germ meal(CGM),SH and wheat bran(WB) and they were fed at represented250,270,145,250,170 and 280 g/kg in the diet,respectively.Results: In Exp.1,the endogenous loss of fatty acids profile did not change as dietary NDF increased in growing pigs.The endogenous losses of fat,C16:0,C18:0,C18

关键词： Endogenous loss Fat Fatty acids Fiber content Fiber-rich ingredients Growing pigs

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2018年第2期5卷 177-184页

作者： Qian Zhang Shuaibing He Hongyu Wang Yi Zhang Zhaolei Lv Yun Wang School of Chinese Materia Medica Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China

Objective:To predict the potential active ingredients (PAIs) and mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine formulations used to delay aging.Methods:We incorporated the use of quantum-chemistry calculations and machine learning to predict the active ingredients of some Chinese herbal medicines used to delay aging.Then,a network-pharmacology approach was used to uncover how these PAls delayed aging.Results:Twelve PAls with anti-aging effects were discovered:androsterone,MHP,cortisone,propyl methyl trisulfide,retinol,retinal,cortisol,11-cis-Retinol (2R,3R)-3-hydroxyproline,4,5alpha-Dihydrocortisone (2S)-2-ammonio-6-ureidohexanoate and17alpha,21-Dihydroxy-5beta-pregnane-3,11,20-trione.Enrichment analyses indicated that a putative compound target and aging target were significantly associated with:regulation of the immune system;insulin receptor signaling pathway;regulation of the mitotic cell cycle;response to nutrient levels;response to oxidative stress;release of cytochrome c from mitochondria;learning or memory;inflammatory response.Conclusions:A novel method was proposed to predict the PAls of anti-aging herbal medicines by incorporating quantum-chemistry calculations and machine learning.Then,a network-pharmacology approach was used to uncover how these PAls delay aging.The information provided by our study on PAls may aid the discovery of anti-aging drugs.

关键词： Quantum chemistry calculations Machine learning Active ingredients Mechanism Aging

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Probiotical Cell Fragments (PCFs) as “Novel Nutraceutical ingredients”

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2014年第3期2卷 43-55页

作者： Nditange Shigwedha Liubov Sichel Li Jia Lanwei Zhang 1School of Food Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin PR China 2Department of Food Science and Technology University of Namibia Windhoek Namibia 3Pure Research Products LLC Boulder USA 4Wyeth Nutrition Suzhou China

Probiotical cell fragments (PCFs) are structural components of the probiotic cell lysate(s) and exhibit similar beneficial effects on the host as live probiotic bacteria. With cell fragment technology (CFT?), the structural fragments are isolated and purified from live probiotic cells. While observed to be strain-dependent as in the case of live probiotics, orally administered PCFs demonstrated a broad spectrum of immune modulation functions;anti-allergy;anti-inflammation;anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties;anti-mutagenic;and radioprotective and detoxification abilities in humans and animals. The PCFs mechanisms of action include events of motifs of cell wall peptidoglycans, DNA motifs, nucleotide containing components, lipoteichoic acids (LPAs), surface layer (S-layer) proteins, and cytoplasmic proteins. Different immunological in vivo-in vitro tests have shown that PCFs, essentially, have the ability to stimulate the macrophages, and induce cytokines such as interleukins, tumor necrosis factors (TNFs), interferons (IFNs), and natural killer (NK) cells. PCFs may be used as ingredients for foods and beverages or as nutritional supplements with long term stability and shelf-life up to 5 years. PCFs may also be used as health restorative ingredients in cosmetic products. The outcome of probiotics CFT? stands as an advantage to the food and pharmaceutical industries, regarding the formulation of novel products with unadulterated sensory characteristics of origin. Hence, PCFs are being characterized here as “novel nutraceutical ingredients” for health maintenance in both humans and animals.

关键词： Probiotical Cell Fragments (PCFs) Paraprobiotics Immunobiotics Immunomodulator Nutraceutical ingredients Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB)

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