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Robust transcriptional indicators of immune cell death revealed by spatiotemporal transcriptome analyses

Molecular Plant 2022年第6期15卷 1059-1075页

作者： Jose Salguero-Linares Irene Serrano Nerea Ruiz-Solani Marta Salas-Gómez Ujjal Jyoti Phukan Victor Manuel González MartíBernardo-Faura Marc Valls David Rengel Nuria S.Coll Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics(CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UBCampus UABBellaterra08193 BarcelonaSpain LIPM Universitéde ToulouseINRACNRS84195 Castanet-TolosanFrance INRAE GeT-PlaGeGenotoul31326 Castanet-TolosanFrance Department of Genetics Universitat de Barcelona08028 BarcelonaSpain Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC) BarcelonaSpain Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Physiology.Albrechtvon Haller Institute for Plant Sciences niversity of GottingenJulia-Lermontowa-Weg3.37077 GottingenGrmany Institut de Phammacologie et de Biologie Structurale IPBS Universite deToulouse CNRSUPSBP 64182205 route de Nartxonne310077 Toulouse Cedex 04France

Recognition of a pathogen by the plant immune system often triggers a form of regulated cell death traditionally known as the hypersensitive response(HR).This type of cell death occurs precisely at the site of pathogen recognition,and it is restricted to a few *** research has shed light on how plant immune receptors are mechanistically ***,two central key questions remain largely unresolved:how does cell death zonation take place,and what are the mechanisms that underpin this phenomenon?Consequently,bona fide transcriptional indicators of HR are lacking,which prevents deeper insight into its mechanisms before cell death becomes macroscopic and precludes early or live *** this study,to identify the transcriptional indicators of HR we used the paradigmatic Arabidopsis thaliana–Pseudomonas syringae pathosystem and performed a spatiotemporally resolved gene expression analysis that compared infected cells that will undergo HR upon pathogen recognition with bystander cells that will stay alive and activate *** data revealed unique and time-dependent differences in the repertoire of differentially expressed genes,expression profiles,and biological processes derived from tissue undergoing HR and that of its ***,we generated a pipeline based on concatenated pairwise comparisons between time,zone,and treatment that enabled us to define 13 robust transcriptional HR *** these genes,the promoter of an uncharacterized AAA-ATPase was used to obtain a fluorescent reporter transgenic line that displays a strong spatiotemporally resolved signal specifically in cells that will later undergo pathogen-triggered cell *** valuable set of genes can be used to define cells that are destined to die upon infection with HR-triggering bacteria,opening new avenues for specific and/or high-throughput techniques to study HR processes at a single-cell level.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cell death indicator effector-triggered immunity hypersensitive response pattern-triggered immunity plant immunity Pseudomonas syringae

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Recent advances in plant immunity with cell death:A review

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第3期21卷 610-620页

作者： YIN Jun-jie XIONG Jun XU Li-ting CHEN Xue-wei LI Wei-tao State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China Rice Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University at WenjiangChengdu 611130P.R.China

Cell death is an important physiological phenomenon in *** can be programmed or *** cell death is usually induced by abiotic or biotic *** studies have shown that many proteins regulate both cell death and immunity in ***,we provide a review on the advances in plant immunity with cell death,especially the molecular regulation and underlying mechanisms of those proteins involved in both cell death and plant *** addition,we discuss potential approaches toward improving plant immunity without compromising plant growth.

关键词： cell death unprogrammed cell death programmed cell death hypersensitive response reactive oxygen species plant immunity resistance

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Disruption of non-classically secreted protein(MoMtp)compromised conidiation,stress homeostasis,and pathogenesis of Magnaporthe oryzae

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第8期23卷 2686-2702页

作者： Wajjiha Batool Justice Norvienyeku Wei Yi Zonghua Wang Shihong Zhang Lili Lin Key Laboratory for Extreme-Environmental Microbiology College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Center for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops College of Life ScienceFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests College of Plant ProtectionHainan UniversityHaikou 570288China

Blast disease,caused by the hemibiotrophic ascomycete fungus,Magnaporthe oryzae,is a significant threat to sustainable rice production *** have shown that the blast fungus secretes vast arrays of functionally diverse proteins into the host cell for a successful disease ***,the final destinations of these effector proteins inside the host cell and their role in advancing fungal pathogenesis remain a ***,we reported that a putative mitochondrial targeting non-classically secreted protein(MoMtp)positively regulates conidiogenesis and appressorium maturation in ***,MoM TP gene deletion mutant strains triggered a hypersensitive response when inoculated on rice leaves displaying that MoMtp is essential for the virulence of *** addition,cell wall and oxidative stress results indicated that MoMtp is likely involved in the maintenance of the structural integrity of the fungus *** study also demonstrates an upregulation in the expression pattern of the MoMTP gene at all stages of infection,indicating its possible regulatory role in host invasion and the infectious development of ***,Agrobacterium infiltration and sheath inoculation confirmed that MoMtpGFP protein is predominantly localized in the host mitochondria of tobacco leaf and rice *** together,we conclude that MoMtp protein likely promotes the normal conidiation and pathogenesis of *** and might have a role in disturbing the proper functioning of the host mitochondria during pathogen invasion.

关键词： plant–pathogen interactions effectors hypersensitive response pathogenesis mitochondria

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An activated form of NB-ARC protein RLS1 functions with cysteine-rich receptor-like protein RMC to trigger cell death in rice

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Plant Communications 2023年第2期4卷 151-166页

作者： Yiqin Wang Zhenfeng Teng Hua Li Wei Wang Fan Xu Kai Sun Jinfang Chu Yangwen Qian Gary JLoake Chengcai Chu Jiuyou Tang State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biologythe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology and National Center for Plant Gene Research(Beijing) Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Biogle Genome Editing Center Changzhou 213125China Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93BFUK Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-BioresourcesCollege of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

A key event that follows pathogen recognition by a resistance(R)protein containing an NB-ARC(nucleotide-binding adaptor shared by Apaf-1,R proteins,and Ced-4)domain is hypersensitive response(HR)-type cell death accompanied by accumulation of reactive oxygen species and nitric ***,the integral mechanisms that underlie this process remain relatively ***,we show that a gain-offunction mutation in the NB-ARC protein RLS1(Rapid Leaf Senescence 1)triggers high-light-dependent HR-like cell death in *** RLS1-mediated defense response is largely independent of salicylic acid accumulation,NPR1(Nonexpressor of Pathogenesis-Related Gene 1)activity,and RAR1(Required for Mla12 Resistance 1)function.A screen for suppressors of RLS1 activation identified RMC(Root Meander Curling)as essential for the RLS1-activated defense *** encodes a cysteine-rich receptor-like secreted protein(CRRSP)and functions as an RLS1-binding ***,their co-expression resulted in a change in the pattern of subcellular localization and was sufficient to trigger cell death accompanied by a decrease in the activity of the antioxidant enzyme ***,our findings reveal an NBARC-CRRSP signaling module that modulates oxidative state,the cell death process,and associated immunity responses in rice.

关键词： hypersensitive response NB-ARC protein cysteine-rich receptor-like secreted protein disease resistance antioxidant enzymes

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A Xanthomonas transcription activator-like effector is trapped in nonhost plants for immunity

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Plant Communications 2022年第1期3卷 71-84页

作者： Fazal Haq Xiameng Xu Wenxiu Ma Syed Mashab Ali Shah Linlin Liu Bo Zhu Lifang Zou Gongyou Chen School of Agriculture and Biology/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture of the Ministry of Agriculture Shanghai200240China

Xanthomonas oryzae ***(Xoo),the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight in rice,delivers transcription activator-like effector(TALE)proteins into host cells to activate susceptibility or resistance(R)genes that promote disease or immunity,*** plants serve as potential reservoirs of R genes;consequently,nonhost R genes may trap TALEs to trigger an immune *** this study,we screened 17 Xoo TALEs for their ability to induce a hypersensitive response(HR)in the nonhost plant Nicotiana benthamiana(Nb);only AvrXa10 elicited an HR when transiently expressed in *** HR generated by AvrXa10 required both the central repeat region and the activation domain,suggesting a specific interaction between AvrXa10 and a potential R-like gene in nonhost *** blue staining and ion leakage measurements confirmed that the AvrXa10-triggered HR was a form of cell death,and the transient expression of AvrXa10 in Nb induced immune *** targeted by AvrXa10 in the Nb genome were identified by transcriptome profiling and prediction of effector binding *** several approaches(in vivo reporter assays,electrophoretic mobility-shift assays,targeted designer TALEs,and on-spot gene silencing),we confirmed that AvrXa10 targets NbZnFP1,a C2H2-type zinc finger protein that resides in the *** analysis indicated that overexpression of NbZnFP1 and its rice orthologs triggered cell death in rice *** NbZnFP1 ortholog was also identified in tomato and was specifically activated by *** results demonstrate that NbZnFP1 is a nonhost R gene that traps AvrXa10 to promote plant immunity in Nb.

关键词： Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae AvrXa10 hypersensitive response nonhost plant zinc finger protein

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H_2O_2-induced Leaf Cell Death and the Crosstalk of Reactive Nitric/Oxygen Species

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第3期55卷 202-208页

作者： Yiqin Wang Aihong Lin Gary J. Loake Chengcai Chu State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing) Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biologythe Chinese Academy of Sciences National Agricultural Technology Park Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Edinburgh

In plants, the chloroplast is the main reactive oxygen species （ROS） producing site under high light stress. Catalase （CAT）, which decomposes hydrogen peroxide （H2O2）, is one of the controlling enzymes that maintains leaf redox homeostasis. The catalase mutants with reduced leaf catalase activity from different plant species exhibit an H2O2-induced leaf cell death phenotype. This phenotype was differently affected by light intensity or photoperiod, which may be caused by plant species, leaf redox status or growth conditions. In the rice CAT mutant nitric oxide excess 1 （noe1）, higher H2O2 levels induced the generation of nitric oxide （NO） and higher S-nitrosothiol （SNO） levels, suggesting that NO acts as an important endogenous mediator in H2O2-induced leaf cell death. As a free radical, NO could also react with other intracellular and extracellular targets and form a series of related molecules, collectively called reactive nitrogen species （RNS）. Recent studies have revealed that both RNS and ROS are important partners in plant leaf cell death. Here, we summarize the recent progress on H2O2-induced leaf cell death and the crosstalk of RNS and ROS signals in the plant hypersensitive response （HR）, leaf senescence, and other forms of leaf cell death triggered by diverse environmental conditions.

关键词： H2O2 induced leaf cell death hypersensitive response leaf senescence nitric oxide reactive nitrogen species reactive oxygenspecies.

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Using a Suppression Subtractive Library-Based Approach to Identify Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage Genes Up-Regulated in Early response to Elicitor PB90

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第3期7卷 303-313页

作者： GAN Yun-zhe ZHANG Zheng-guang WANG Yuan-chao ZHENG Xiao-bo Key Lab of Monitoring and Management of Plant Disease and Insects Ministry of Agriculture/College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R.China

Monitoring expression at the transcriptional level is the first essential step for the functional analysis of plant genes. Genes-encoding proteins directly involved in early response to elicitor constitute only a small fraction of all the genes affected by elicitor. Transcriptional responses to various elicitors have been extensively studied in different plants including Nicotiana and Arabidopsis thaliana; however, corresponding data aren＇t available for non-heading Chinese cabbage. To address this problem, we describe a suppression subtractive library-based approach to isolate the plant＇s ESTs up-regulated in the early induction/execution of the HR induced by elicitor PB90 from Phytophthora boehmeriae. According to their putative identification in BLAST searches against the three genome databases, 70 up-regulated genes were classified into 9 parts： some aspect of primary ＇metabolism＇ or ＇energy＇ production; ＇protein synthesis＇ or ＇protein fate＇; cellular communication/signal transduction mechanism; cell fates including Beclin, SPT1, and SPT2; HLA-B and AGO1 which participate in transcription; cellular transport and hypothetical proteins or proteins for which a function has yet to be determined. Seven selected genes such as Beclin, thioredoxin, HLA-B, MAP3K, SPT1, SPT2, and AGO1 were up-regulated induced by PB90, suggesting that the genes may play an important role in PB90-triggered HR.

关键词： PB90 non-heading Chinese cabbage suppression subtractive hybridization up-regulated hypersensitive response

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The novel C5 protein from tomato yellow leaf curl virus is a virulence factor and suppressor of gene silencing

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 445-457页

作者： Siwen Zhao Pan Gong Yanxiang Ren Hui Liu Hao Li Fangfang Li Xueping Zhou State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityZhejiang 310058HangzhouChina

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus(TYLCV)is known to encode 6 canonical viral *** recent study revealed that TYLCV also encodes some additional small proteins with potential virulence *** fifth ORF of TYLCV in the complementary sense,which we name C5,is evolutionarily conserved,but little is known about its expression and function during viral ***,we confirmed the expression of the TYLCV C5 by analyzing the promoter activity of its upstream sequences and by detecting the C5 protein in infected cells by using a specific custom-made *** expression of C5 using a potato virus X(PVX)vector resulted in severe mosaic symptoms and higher virus accumulation levels followed by a burst of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in Nicotiana benthamiana plants.C5 was able to effectively suppress local and systemic post-transcriptional gene silencing(PTGS)induced by single-stranded GFP but not double-stranded GFP,and reversed the transcriptional gene silencing(TGS)of ***,the mutation of C5 in TYLCV inhibited viral replication and the development of disease symptoms in infected *** overexpression of C5 could complement the virulence of a TYLCV infectious clone encoding a dysfunctional ***,this study reveals that TYLCV C5 is a pathogenicity determinant and RNA silencing suppressor,hence expanding our knowledge of the functional repertoire of the TYLCV proteome.

关键词： Tomato yellow leaf curl virus C5 hypersensitive response Post-transcriptional gene silencing Transcriptional gene silencing Pathogenicity determinant

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Avr/Cf Interaction Induce the Expression of Ptis, Genes Encoding Pto-interactors

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2002年第5期44卷 628-630页

作者：蔡新忠徐幼平浙江大学植物保护系杭州310029 浙江大学分析测试中心杭州310029

Products of plant resistance ( R ) genes Pto and Cf contain distinct domains, and have different cellular localization. It is intriguing to compare the development mechanisms of resistance conferred by the two R genes. In the present report, two hypersensitive response (HR) initiation systems were employed to study the time_course expression induced by Avr / Cf interaction of the genes encoding Pti4, Pti5 and Pti6 which interact directly with Pto: (1) Seeds of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) containing complementary gene pairs Avr 4/ Cf _4 and Avr 9/ Cf _9 were obtained through crossing. Their seedlings developed HR under room temperature. (2) Avr / Cf seedlings grew normally at 33 ℃. When the temperature was shifted down to 25 ℃, HR occurred within hours in the seedlings. Results of both experiments showed that expression of Pti4, Pti5 and Pti6 was induced upon development of hypersensitive necrosis in Avr / Cf seedlings. However, the expression levels and patterns of these Pti s differed. This finding indicated that these Pti s function complementarily, and might be involved in regulation of both Pto and Cf _conferred resistance.

关键词： Pti Cf hypersensitive response resistance

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Physical Mapping of the Sequences Homologous to Disease Resistance Genes myb1 and NDR1 in Maize

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2000年第6期42卷 605-610页

作者：宁顺斌宋运淳王玲魏文辉刘立华武汉大学发育生物学研究中心武汉430072

Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, the authors investigated the homology between three plant species, maize (Zea mays L.) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), maize and Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. at cytogenetic level using two probes corresponding to functional disease resistance genes myb1 and NDR1 in Arabidopsis and tobacco respectively. The hybridization signals of the tested probes were detected in maize chromosomes 8 and 5 respectively, and the single location of each of the two probes showed only single copy of them in maize genome. The results provided a valuable insight into searching for genes associated with programmed cell death in plants using heterologous probe with comparative genetic approach. In addition, the improvements of FISH technique using heterologous probes were discussed.

关键词： hypersensitive response programmed cell death comparative genetics fluorescence in situ hybridization maize

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