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Isotope hydrogeochemical models for assessing the hydrological processes in a part of the largest continental flood basalts province of India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第2期13卷 200-213页

作者： Md.Arzoo Ansari Jacob Noble Archana Deodhar U.Saravana Kumar Isotope and Radiation Application Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai 400085India Isotope Hydrology Section Division of Physical and Chemical SciencesInternational Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)ViennaAustria

Continental Flood Basalts(CFB)occupy one fourth of the world’s land ***,it is important to discern the hydrological processes in this complex hydrogeological setup for the sustainable water resources development.A model assisted isotope,geochemical,geospatial and geophysical study was conducted to understand the monsoonal characteristics,recharge processes,renewability and geochemical evolution in one of the largest continental flood basalt provinces of *** modelling and stable isotopes were used to assess the monsoonal *** distillation model were used to understand the climatic conditions at the time of groundwater *** parameter models(LPM)were employed to quantify the mean transit time(MTT)of *** and geochemical models were adopted to understand the geochemical evolution along the groundwater flow path.A geophysical model was used to understand the geometry of the *** back trajectory analysis confirms the isotopic finding that precipitation in this region is caused by orographic uplifting of air masses originating from the Arabian *** isotopic data of groundwater showed its meteoric origin and two recharge processes were discerned;(i)quick and direct recharge by precipitation through fractured and weathered basalt,(ii)low infiltration through the clayey black cotton soil and subjected to evaporation prior to the *** data showed that the groundwater is a renewable source and have shorter transit times(from present day toprocesses such as:the minerals dissolution,silicate weathering,ion exchange,anthropogenic influences *** the chemistry of the *** on the geo-electrical resistivity survey,the potential zones(weathered and fractured)were delineated for the groundwater ***,the study highlights the usefulness of model assisted isotopic hydrogeochemical techniques for underst

关键词： Stable isotopes Groundwater recharge hydrological processes Modelling Deccan Traps

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Application of Radar-Measured Rain Data in hydrological processes Modeling during the Intensified Observation Period of HUBEX

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2003年第2期20卷 205-212页

作者：任立良李春红王美荣 Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Hohai University

On the basis of Digital Elevation Model data, the raster flow vectors, watershed delineation, and spatial topological relationship are generated by the Martz and Garbrecht method for the upper area of Huangnizhuang station in the Shihe Catchment with 805 km2 of area, an intensified observation field for the HUBEX/GAME Project. Then, the Xin’anjiang Model is applied for runoff production in each grid element where rain data measured by radar at Fuyang station is utilized as the input of the hydrological model. The elements are connected by flow vectors to the outlet of the drainage catchment where runoff is routed by the Muskingum method from each grid element to the outlet according to the length between each grid and the outlet. The Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient is 92.41% from 31 May to 3 August 1998, and 85.64%, 86.62%, 92.57%, and 83.91%, respectively for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th flood events during the whole computational period. As compared with the case where rain-gauge data are used in simulating the hourly hydrograph at Huangnizhuang station in the Shihe Catchment, the index of model efficiency improvement is positive, ranging from 27.56% to 69.39%. This justifies the claim that radar-measured data are superior to rain-gauge data as inputs to hydrological modeling. As a result, the grid-based hydrological model provides a good platform for runoff computation when radar-measured rain data with highly spatiotemporal resolution are taken as the input of the hydrological model.

关键词： digital elevation model raster catchment radar hydrological processes modeling

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Modeling of hydrological processes in arid agricultural regions

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2015年第4期2卷 283-294页

作者： Jiang LI Xiaomin MAO Shaozhong KANG David ABARRY College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Laboratoire de technologieécologique Institut d’ingénierie de l’environnementStation 2Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)CH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland

Understanding of hydrological processes,including consideration of interactions between vegetation growth and water transfer in the root zone,underpins efficient use of water resources in arid-zone *** transfers take place in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum,and include groundwater dynamics,unsaturated zone flow,evaporation/transpiration from vegetated/bare soil and surface water,agricultural canal/surface water flow and seepage,and well *** can be categorized into three classes:(1)regional distributed hydrological models with various land uses,(2)groundwater-soil-plant-atmosphere continuum models that neglect lateral water fluxes,and(3)coupled models with groundwater flow and unsaturated zone water *** review highlights,in addition,future research challenges in modeling arid-zone agricultural systems,e.g.,to effectively assimilate data from remote sensing,and to fully reflect climate change effects at various model scales.

关键词： hydrological processes irrigation area SPAC crop growth groundwater canal seepage

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The Simulation of hydrological processes in an Ungauged Alpine Basin by Using Xinanjiang Model

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2010年第2期1卷 186-192页

作者：舒畅刘苏峡莫兴国王昆郑超磊张守红中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室北京100101 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

由于冰雪的存在及缺乏地面观测站点资料,高寒地区的水文模拟研究一直面临很大的困难。遥感数据能够提供大范围时空尺度上的地面信息对无资料地区有很大帮助。MODIS数据具有较高的时空分辨率深受人们关注。本文以长江上游泥曲流域为例,... 详细信息

由于冰雪的存在及缺乏地面观测站点资料,高寒地区的水文模拟研究一直面临很大的困难。遥感数据能够提供大范围时空尺度上的地面信息对无资料地区有很大帮助。MODIS数据具有较高的时空分辨率深受人们关注。本文以长江上游泥曲流域为例,探求将MODIS遥感数据与地面气温数据相结合对新安江模型径流模拟的帮助,方法步骤如下:(1)建立MODIS雪覆盖面积与流域周围站气温关系,获取气温阈值;(2)依据气温阈值判别降水形式并计算融雪水当量;(3)将雨雪分离后的降水信息输入新安江模型模拟径流,并与新安江模拟结果(未考虑雨雪分离)和实测径流进行比较。研究结果显示改进方案(考虑雨雪分离)模拟效果更好,将有助于提高新安江模型在高寒无资料地区的径流模拟精度,为高寒无资料地区水资源管理及生态需水研究提供帮助。

关键词： ungauged alpine basin hydrological processes MODIS Niqu basin Xinanjiang Model

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Xin'anjiang Nested Experimental Watershed(XAJ-NEW)for Understanding Multiscale Water Cycle:Scientific Objectives and Experimental Design

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Engineering 2022年第11期18卷 207-217页

作者： Ke Zhang Yunping Li Zhongbo Yu Tao Yang Junzeng Xu Lijun Chao Jin Ni Liutong Wang Yun Gao Yuzhong Hu Zuoding Lin State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Hydrology and Water Resources Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China Bureau of Hydrology(Information Center)of Taihu Basin Authority Shanghai 200434China Bureau of Hydrology of Anhui Province Hefei 230022China Department of Hydrology Chinese Ministry of Water ResourcesBeijing 100053China

This paper presents the background,scientific objectives,experimental design,and preliminary achievements of the Xin’anjiang nested experimental watershed(XAJ-NEW),implemented in 2017 in eastern China,which has a subtropical humid monsoon climate and a total area of 2674 *** scientific objectives of the XAJ-NEW include building a comprehensive,multiscale,and nested hydrometeorological monitoring and experimental program,strengthening the observation of the water cycle,discovering the spatiotemporal scaling effects of hydrological processes,and revealing the mechanisms controlling runoff generation and partitioning in a typical humid,hilly *** two years of operation,preliminary results indicated scale-dependent variability in key hydrometeorological processes and variables such as precipitation,runoff,groundwater,and soil *** effects of canopy interception and runoff partitioning between the surface and subsurface were also *** operation of this program can further reveal the mechanisms controlling runoff generation and partitioning,discover the spatiotemporal scaling effects of hydrological processes,and understand the impacts of climate change on hydrological *** findings provide new insights into understanding multi scale hydrological processes and their responses to meteorological forcings,improving model parameterization schemes,and enhancing weather and climate forecast skills.

关键词： Water cycle Runoff generation hydrological processes hydrological scaling Soil moisture Groundwater Canopy interception

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Impact of Land Use Change on Groundwater Recharge in Guishui River Basin,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2011年第6期21卷 734-743页

作者： PAN Yun GONG Huili ZHOU Demin LI Xiaojuan NAKAGOSHI Nobukazu Base of the State Laboratory of Urban Environmental processes and Digital Modeling Capital Normal University Beijing 100048Chind Beijing Key Laboratory of Resources Environment and GIS Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8529 Japan）

It is important to understand how land use change impacts groundwater recharge, especially for regions that are undergoing rapid urbanization and there is limited surface water. In this study, the hydrological processes and re- charge ability of various land use types in Guishui River Basin, China （in Beijing Municipality） were analyzed. The impact of land use change was investigated based on water balance modeling, WetSpass and GIS. The results indicate that groundwater recharge accounts for only 21.16% of the precipitation, while 72.54% is lost in the form of evapotranspiration. The annual-lumped groundwater recharge rate decreases in the order of cropland, grassland, urban land, and forest. Land use change has resulted in a decrease of 4 x 106 m3 of yearly groundwater recharge in the study area, with a spatially averaged rate of 100.48 mm/yr and 98.41 mm/yr in 1980 and 2005, respectively. This variation has primarily come from an increase of urban area and rural settlements, as well as a decrease of cropland.

关键词： groundwater recharge land use change soil water balance hydrological processes

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Temporal and Spatial Variability of Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentration in the Xijiang River, South China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第5期8卷 694-703页

作者： TAO Zhen GAO Quanzhou GUO Wenping WANG Zhengang ZHANG Yongling XIE Chenji HUANG Xiakun ZHONG Hongwei School of Geography and Planning and Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China Wuzhou Branch Guangxi Regional Hydrological and Water Resources Bureau Wuzhou 543002 China Makou hydrological Gauge Station Guangdong Province Hydrological Bureau Foshan 528100 China

A whole year analysis of riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the Xijiang River (XJR), South China, showed that the mean riverine DOC concentration (1.24 mg L-1) in the XJR was notably lower than the averaged value (5.75 mg L-1) of the global riverine DOC concentration in several major rivers. There is an inconspicuous monthly fluctuation of the DOC signal in the XJR, but on a semi-yearly time scale, however, the riverine DOC concentration had significant difference between hydrological seasons. The DOC level during the flood season (1.18 mg L-1) was less than that during the non-flood season (1.40 mg L-1). Owing to the concomitance of the flushing and dilution effects of the runoff during the high-water period, the variation of riverine DOC concentration with discharge in the XJR differed from that reported in many other major rivers. The DOC export flux above the city of Wuzhou was about 0.62× 106 g C km-2 yr-1. The DOC transported during the "056" Massive Flood period comprised 30.35% of the annual total, while the discharge accounted for 36.32% of the total annual flow. The characteristics in riverine DOC concentration in the XJR were attributed to the combined effect of the geomorphologic, monsoon climatic and hydrological processes as well as land-use within the drainage basin.

关键词： Export flux hydrological processes Massive flood Riverine dissolved organic carbon The Xijiang River

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Effects of Topographic Slopes on hydrological Proecsses and Climate

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2001年第5期18卷 733-741页

作者： Jinliang Liu Climate processes and Earth Observation Division, Meteorological Service of Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Downsview, Ontario M3H 5T4, Canada Han-Ru Cho Department of Atmospheric Science, National Central University, Chungli 320, Taiwan Climate processes and Earth Observation Division Meteorological Service of Canada Downsview Canada National Central University Chungli Taiwan

Based on previous research results on river re-distribution models, a modification on the effects of topographic slopes for a runoff parameterization was proposed and implemented to the NCAR's land sur- face model (LSM). This modification has two aspects firstly, the topographic slopes cause outflows from higher topography and inflows into the lower topography points; secondly, topographic slopes also cause decrease of infiltration at higher topography and increases of infiltration at lower topography. Then changes in infiltration result in changes in soil molsture, surface fluxes and then in surface temperature, and eventual- ly in the upper atmosphere and the climate. This mechanism is very clearly demonstrated in the point bud- gets analysis at the Andes Mountains vicinities. Analysis from a regional scale perspective in the Mackenzie GEWEX Study (MAGS) area, the focus of the ongoing Canadian GEWEX program, shows that the modi- fied runoff parameterization does bring significant changes in the regional surface climate More important- ly, detailed analysis from a global perspective shows many encouraging improvements introduced by the modified LSM over the original model in simulating basic atmospheric climate properties such as thermodynamic features (temperature and humidity). All of these improvements in the atmospheric climate simulation illustrate that the inclusion of topographic effects in the LSM can force the AGCM to produce a more realistic model climate.

关键词： hydrological processes Runoff,Parameterization Topographic slope Climate model Land surface model

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Surface storm flow prediction on hillslopes based on topography and hydrologic connectivity

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Ecological processes 2016年第1期5卷 153-165页

作者： Dennis W.Hallema Roger Moussa Ge Sun Steven G.McNulty INRA UMR LISAH Laboratoire d’etude des Interactions Sol-Agrosysteme-Hydrosysteme(INRAIRDMontpellier SupAgro)2 place Pierre Viala34060 Montpellier CEDEX 2France U.S.Department of Agriculture Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment CenterSouthern Research StationRaleighNC 27606USA U.S.Department of Energy Oak Ridge Institute for Science and EducationOak RidgeTN 37830USA

Background:Hillslopes provide critical watershed ecosystem services such as soil erosion control and storm flow regulation through collecting,storing,and releasing rain *** intense rainstorms,rainfall intensity and infiltration capacity on the hillslope control Hortonian runoff while the topographic attributes of the hillslope(e.g.,slope,aspect,curvature)and the channel network define the structural hydraulic connectivity that determines how rapidly excess water is *** paper discusses literature on the link between topographic attributes and hydrologic connectivity and demonstrates how this link can be used to define a parsimonious model for predicting surface runoff during high intensity *** text:First,we provide a topographic characterization of the hillslope necessary to determine the structural hydrologic connectivity of surface flow based on existing ***,we demonstrate a hydrologic surface response model that routes the geomorphologic unit hydrograph(GIUH)through a spatial domain of representative elementary hillslopes reflecting the structural hydrologic *** attributes impact flow and travel time distributions by affecting gravitational acceleration of overland flow and channel,solar irradiance,flow deceleration by vegetation,and flow divergence/***:We show with an example where we apply the GIUH-based model to hypothetical hillslopes that the spatial organization of the channel network is critical in the flow and travel time distribution,and that topographic attributes are key in obtaining simple yet accurate representations of hydrologic *** GIUH models of surface runoff that use this hydrologic connectivity have the advantage of low data requirements,being scalable and applicable regardless of the spatial complexity of the hillslope,and have the potential to fundamentally improve flood forecasting tools used in the assessment of ecosystem servi

关键词： hydrological processes Hydrologic connectivity Storm flow Ecosystem services GIUH

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Reconciliation of research on forest carbon sequestration and water conservation

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第1期32卷 7-14页

作者： Tanzeel Javaid Aini Farooqi Xuhua Li Zhen Yu Shirong Liu Osbert Jianxin Sun School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Sichuan Academy of Forestry Chengdu 610081People’s Republic of China School of Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044People’s Republic of China State Forestry and Grassland Administration of China Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment Institute of Forest EcologyEnvironment and ProtectionChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China

Carbon sequestration and water conservation are two of the key ecosystem services that forests provide for societal need to address environmental *** of the dual services is the ultimate goal in forest management for mitigating global climate change and safeguarding terrestrial water ***,there are some tradeoff s between gain in forest productivity and ecosystem water *** conducted literature review based on published articles for learned knowledge on forest carbon fi xation and hydrological *** knowledge gaps and research needs are identifi ed by examining the inter-connections between forest carbon sequestration and water *** researches have helped gain basic understanding of the mechanisms and controls of forest carbon fi xation and hydrological regulations as two separate *** and approaches are well established for quantifying and monitoring forest carbon and hydrological issues,operating at diff erent spatial and temporal *** are knowledge gaps on how to design aff orestation schemes facilitating enhanced ecosystem services in forest carbon sequestration and water *** the top-down planning of aff orestation in regions where water availability is anticipated to be problematic,the questions of how much and where to plant for given land availability,known environmental implications,and sustained regional development and livelihood need to be *** local management considerations,the questions of what and how to plant *** orts are needed in joint studies of forest carbon sequestration and water conservation functionalities,specifi cally in relation to establishment and management of planted forests aiming for delivering regulatory ecosystem services in carbon sequestration,water conservation and other social *** propose an integrated framework with dual consideration of carbon sequestration and water conservation in forest management for future researc

关键词： Carbon balance Ecosystem services Forest management hydrological processes Tradeoff

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