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Ecological hydrograph based on Schizothorax chongi habitat conservation in the dewatered river channel between Jinping cascaded dams

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2011年第S1期54卷 54-63页

作者： LI RuoNan 1,CHEN QiuWen 1,2 & Duan Chen 1,3 1 Research Center for Eco-environmental Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China 2 China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China 3 Hydraulics Department,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China Research Center for Eco-environmental Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China China Three Gorges University Yichang China Hydraulics Department Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Wuhan China

Hydropower development changes the river hydrological regime,thereby altering river ecosystem significantly.One important measure for reducing degradation of ecosystem is to determine ecological flow and implement it by reservoir operation.This paper described a method to calculate river ecological flow based on fish habitat conservation and applied it to Jinping River Bend of Yalong River.Schizothorax chongi was selected as target species,and the fish habitat model coupling with water environmental model was developed according to the relationship between fish and water environment factors.Moreover,improved hydraulic habitat suitability index(IHHS) and habitat fragment index(HFI) varying with discharge were discussed in this paper.Habitat area representing average annual flow was taken as a reference,and then ecological hydrographs under different habitat conservation levels were calculated considering season variation and life stages of fish.Compared to the natural condition,the model results indicated that the reservoir operation clearly influenced the habitat of the target fish.It was proposed to ensure flow releases to maintain 70%-90% habitat in section after joint while about 60% before joint.

关键词： river habitat habitat assessment ecological flow ecological hydrograph

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Spectrum Characteristics and Transfer Function of the hydrograph of the Deep Aqueous System

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1993年第4期67卷 453-464页

作者： Chen Baoren, Liu Shuyun, Earth Sciences Dept., Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Jin Peikang Geological Dept., Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, U.S.A. and Dong Shouyu Hebei Province Seismological Bureau, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Earth Sciences Dept Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu China

The fluctuation of most of the hydrograph in the deep aqueous system records the fluid pulsation in lithosphere and variation of the earth's crust. Many observations have verified that groundwater is an ideal information carrier of the crust. In this paper, the series of input (precipitation, air pressure, Earth tide etc.) and output (water level, artesian flow) of the deep aqueous system are studied by using the spectrum analysis and system theory. The application concepts of transfer function and the spectral structure of the hydrograph enrich the knowledge of the deep aqueous system. Two typical spectral structures of the hydrograph of the deep aqueous system are obtained by comparing with many water-bearing systems of the Jizhong depression. One is from well Ma-17 and the other is from the well Xinze-5. Finally, the physical models of forming the spectrum of the hydrograph are constructed on the basis of the spectrum research on the deep aqueous system.

关键词： deep aqueous system hydrograph transfer function

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Time Step Issue in Unit hydrograph for Improving Runoff Prediction in Small Catchments

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2012年第8期4卷 686-693页

作者： Dyah Indriana Kusumastuti Dwi Jokowinarno University of Lampung

Unit hydrograph is a very practical tool in runoff prediction which has been used since decades ago and to date it remains useful. Unit hydrograph method is applied in Way Kuala Garuntang, an ungauged catchment in Lampung Province, Indonesia. To derive an observed unit hydrograph it requires rainfall and water level data with fine time scale which are obtained from automatic gauges. Observed unit hydrograph has an advantage that it is possible to derive it for various time steps including those with time step less than an hour. In order to get a more accurate unit hydrograph, it is necessary to derive a unit hydrograph with small time step for a small catchment such as those used in this study. The study area includes Way Kuala Garuntang and its tributaries, i.e. Way Simpur, Way Awi with areas are 60.52 km2, 3.691 km2, and 9.846 km2 respectively. The results of this study highlight the importance of time step selection on unit hydrograph, which are shown to have a significant impact on the resulting unit hydrograph’s variables such as peak discharge and time to peak.

关键词： Unit hydrograph Time Step Peak Discharge Time to Peak

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Z-Transform Based Instantaneous Unit hydrograph for Hilly Watersheds

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2009年第6期1卷 381-390页

作者： R. K. RAI C. S. P. OJHA Alka UPADHYAY 不详

Present study emphasizes the applicability of linear theory concept onto hilly watersheds. For this purpose, Z-transform technique was used to derive the instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) from the transfer function of autoregressive and moving average (ARMA) type linear difference equation. Parameters of the ARMA type rainfall-runoff process were estimated by least-squares method. The derived IUH from Z-transform (i.e. ARMA-IUH) has been used to compute the hydrologic response i.e. direct runoff hydrograph (DRH). Fur-ther, the superiority of the proposed approach has been tested by comparing the results through the results obtained from the Nash-IUH. Analyzing the results obtained from ARMA-IUH and Nash-IUH for the two hilly watersheds of North Western Himalayas shows the applicability of the linear theory concept even in turbulent flow conditions which are frequently encountered in hilly terrains under similar conditions of flow.

关键词： IUH ARMA Process Z-Transform Nash Model Direct Runoff hydrograph Hilly Watershed

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End-Member Selection in Two-Component Isotope-Based hydrograph Separation

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2019年第2期9卷 41-53页

作者： Samuel Bansah Jonathan Quaye-Ballard Samuel Andam-Akorful Edward Bam Geophrey K. Anornu Department of Geological Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Isotope Hydrology Research Program (IHReP) Kumasi Ghana Department of Geological Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada Manitoba’s Watershed Systems Research Program Manitoba Canada Center for Earth Observation Science University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada Department of Geomatic Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Global Institute of Water Security University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada Department of Civil Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

The science that underpins our knowledge and understanding of Isotope-Based hydrograph separation (IHS) has gained grounds, over the last few decades, in the identification of streamflow sources. However, challenges still exist in identifying appropriate tracers and the right combination of end-members for the IHS process. In a two-component IHS analysis, the application of the dual isotopes tracers, δ18O and (or) δ2H, is regarded as the simplest method. We undertook an IHS study within a nested system of eight Prairie watersheds located in South central Manitoba, Canada. The work evaluated about 17,000 results emanating from the application of a combination of two potential tracers (δ18O and δ2H) and eight each of potential “old” and “new” water end-members in a two-component IHS process. The outcome showed occurrences of many mathematically possible but hydrologically unacceptable IHS results. The observation was particularly predominant within relatively larger perennial sub-catchments of the watershed. It is also shown that inter-site sub-catchment isotopic end-member transferability is possible within watersheds of similar physio-hydrographic characteristics. We suggest that a careful evaluation of the physio-hydrographic characteristics of catchments be considered in IHS studies in addition to the recommended guidelines in the selection of tracers and end-members.

关键词： hydrograph Separation Oxygen-18 Deuterium Stable Isotopes End-Member Definitions Canadian Prairies

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Application of Advection-Diffusion Routing Model to Flood Wave Propagation： A Case Study on Big Piney River, Missouri USA

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第1期27卷 9-14页

作者： Yang Yang Theodore A. Endreny David J. Nowak USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station & the Davey Institute Syracuse NY 13210 USA Environmental Resource Engineering SUNY ESF Syracuse NY 132 10 USA USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Syracuse NY 13210 USA

Flood wave propagation modeling is of critical importance to advancing water resources management and protecting human life and property. In this study, we investigated how the advection-diffusion routing model performed in flood wave propagation on a 16 km long downstream section of the Big Piney River, MO. Model performance was based on gaging station data at the upstream and downstream cross sections. We demonstrated with advection-diffusion theory that for small differences in watershed drainage area between the two river cross sections, inflow along the reach mainly contributes to the downstream hydrograph＇s rising limb and not to the falling limb. The downstream hydrograph＇s falling limb is primarily determined by the propagated flood wave originating at the upstream cross section. This research suggests the parameter for the advectiondiffusion routing model can be calibrated by fitting the hydrograph falling limb. Application of the advection diffusion model to the flood wave of January 29, 2013 supports our theoretical finding that the propagated flood wave determines the downstream cross section falling limb, and the model has good performance in our test examples.

关键词： advection-diffusion equation hydrograph flood wave propagation recession limb.

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EVOLUTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HYPER－CONCENTRATED FLOW IN BRAIDED CHANNEL OF THE YELLOW RIVER

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International Journal of Sediment Research 1996年第3期 49-57页

作者： QI Pu LI Wenxue( Institute of Hydraulic Research,Yellow River Conservancy Commission,Zhengzhou 450003,P.R.China)( Chief Engineer,Yellow River Conservancy Commission,Zhengzhou 450003,P.R.China)

ＥＶＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＡＬＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳＯＦＨＹＰＥＲ－ＣＯＮＣＥＮＴＲＡＴＥＤＦＬＯＷＩＮＢＲＡＩＤＥＤＣＨＡＮＮＥＬＯＦＴＨＥＹＥＬＬＯＷＲＩＶＥＲ￥ＱＩＰｕ；ＬＩＷｅｎｘｕｅ（Ｓｅｎｉｏｒｅｎｇｉｎ... 详细信息

ＥＶＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＡＬＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳＯＦＨＹＰＥＲ－ＣＯＮＣＥＮＴＲＡＴＥＤＦＬＯＷＩＮＢＲＡＩＤＥＤＣＨＡＮＮＥＬＯＦＴＨＥＹＥＬＬＯＷＲＩＶＥＲ￥ＱＩＰｕ；ＬＩＷｅｎｘｕｅ（Ｓｅｎｉｏｒｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒ，ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＨｙ...

关键词： Hyper-concentrated flood Channel Braided river hydrograph Sediment concentration Peak flow Flood stage Channel shape

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Floods and Hydrograms of Floods of Rivers in Arid Zones of the Mediterranean, Case of the Kingdom of Morocco

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International Journal of Geosciences 2020年第10期11卷 651-666页

作者： Boutoutaou Djamel Zeggane Houari Belagoune Fares Department of Applicated Science Laboratory for the Exploitation and Development of Natural Resources in Arid Zones Ouargla University Ouargla Algeria

The Moroccan territory is often exposed to brutal and destructive floods. The latter is triggered by intense rains and sudden duration (rain showers, thunderstorms). The human and material damage caused by these floods has always been very high. The violence of the flood (1000 m3/s) of Oued Ourika on Aug 17, 1995, killed 730 people. The material damage caused by torrential rain only for the years 2008 and 2009 on the road network (roads and civil engineering works) represents more than 2.9 billion dirhams. The development of flood protection studies requires the values of the instantaneous frequency flow of a certain probability and the corresponding flood hydrogram, generally, these values are not available in the watersheds studied. The objective of this study is to propose for the Moroccan territory a method of calculating flood flows and hydrographs of floods for stream and wadis ungauged for the benefit of engineers and planners for possible studies of flood protection. The proposed method is based on the delimitation of homogeneous regions of Moroccan territory (three homogeneous regions). The frequency analysis carried out for these three zones made it possible to identify the climatic parameters necessary to calculate the flood index and consequently the frequency floods. The proposed Galton type flood hydrograph includes three parameters namely the rise time, the shape parameter and the flood index. These latter parameters are easily calculated by the formulas proposed.

关键词： Floods Arid Watersheds Basins hydrograph

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Study of Hydrometeorology in a Hard Rock Terrain, Kadirischist Belt Area, Anantapur District, Andhra Pradesh

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Open Journal of Geology 2012年第4期2卷 294-301页

作者： Katta Satya Sai Prasad Purramreddy Tirumala Ashok Kumar Reddy Nagam Balayerikala Reddy Department of Geology Sri Venkateswara University Tirupati India

Hydrometeorological studies reveal that the study area comes under semi-arid zone with moderate drought conditions. The rainfall confirms that erratic nature of rainfall in the study area. The rainfall data for 14 years of the study area reveal that only three years had sufficient rainfall and rest of the 11 years are drought-prone to varying intensities. It is also observed that the area receives maximum amount of rainfall from south-west monsoon (June-December).

关键词： Hydrometeorology Rainfall Ratio Drought and hydrograph

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On Redefining the Onset of Baseflow Recession on Storm hydrographs

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2013年第4期3卷 269-277页

作者： R. Pizarro-Tapia F. Balocchi-Contreras P. Garcia-Chevesich K. Macaya-Perez Per Bro L. León-Gutiérrez B. Helwig R. Valdés-Pineda Department of Hydrology and Water Resources University of Arizona Tucson Arizona Dirección General de Aguas Santiago Chile. University of Talca Centro Tecnológico de Hidrología Ambiental Talca Chile University of Talca Centro Tecnológico de Hidrología Ambiental Talca Chile

Two methods that define the point of baseflow recession onset were compared using storm hydrograph data for 27 storm events that occurred between 1982-1995 in the Upeo watershed located in the Andes mountain range in central Chile (Figure 1). Three well-known baseflow recession equations were used to determine whether the method we are proposing here, that defines baseflow recession onset as the third inflection point on the logarithmic graph of the falling limb of the storm hydrograph, more accurately models observed data than the most widely used method that defines baseflow onset as the second inflection point on the same graph. Five time intervals were used to modify the recession coefficient in search of a more accurate fit. Results from the coefficient of determination, standard error, Mann-Whitney U test, and Bland-Altman test suggest that redefining baseflow recession onset via the proposed approach more accurately models baseflow recession behavior.

关键词： Baseflow Recession hydrograph Separation Hydrologic Modeling Recession Analysis Baseflow Onset

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