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Variation in hydraulic geometry for stable versus incised streams in the Yazoo River basin-USA

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2017年第1期32卷 121-126页

作者： Nidal Hadadin Department of Civil Engineering The University of Jordan

The effects of basin hydrology on hydraulic geometry of channels variability for incised streams were investigated using available field data sets and models of watershed hydrology and channel hydraulics for the Yazoo River basin,*** study presents the hydraulic geometry relations of bankfull discharge,channel width,mean depth,cross-sectional area,longitudinal slope,unit stream power,and mean velocity at bankfull discharge as a function of drainage area using simple linear *** hydraulic geometry relations were developed for 61 streams,20 of them are classified as channel evolution model(CEM) Types Ⅳ and Ⅴ and 41 of them are CEM streams Types Ⅱ and Ⅲ.These relationships are invaluable to hydraulic and water resources engineers,hydrologists,and geomorphologists involved in stream restoration and *** relations can be used to assist in field identification of bankfull stage and stream dimension in un-gauged watersheds as well as estimation of the comparative stability of a stream channel.A set of hydraulic geometry relations are presented in this study,these empirical relations describe physical correlations for stable and incised ***-sectional area,which combines the effects of channel width and mean channel depth,was found to be highly responsive to changes in drainage area and bankfull *** of cross-sectional area,channel width,mean channel depth,and mean velocity in conjunction with changes in drainage area and bankfull discharge indicated that the channel width is much more responsive to changes in both drainage area and bankfull discharge than are mean channel depth or mean velocity.

关键词： Yazoo River basin Incised streams Drainage area hydraulic geometry Statistical analysis

hydraulic geometry,hydraulics and Sediment Properties of Forest Brooks after Extensive Erosion from Upland Peatland Drainage

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2012年第3期2卷 59-69页

作者： Hannu Marttila Simo Tammela Bjorn Klove Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Laboratory University of OuluOuluFinland

Peatland drainage can affect headwater systems, causing changes in bed substrate composition and hydraulic geome-try in small brooks. We studied hydraulic geometry and sediment properties in 14 boreal forest brook reaches (width geometry and to study brook response to extensive sediment load from land use. The results indicate that bed sediment in brooks is almost continuously mobile, which negatively reflect to ecological status of the brooks. These headwater meandering parts have limited sediment transport capacity and require a long period to recover from artificially increased sediment input from peat drainage. However, different reaches can be prioritised for restoration according to the characteristics of silted bed sediment or sediment origins. Brook width appeared to have large natural variation, causing great local velocity variations. This needs to be taken into consideration when restoring straightened reaches in small headwater areas, e.g., width in restored reaches cannot be uniform but should include variations.

关键词： Forest Brook Headwater hydraulic geometry hydraulics Peatland Drainage Sediment

SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF hydraulic geometry

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International Journal of Sediment Research 1997年第3期 131-138页

作者： CAO Shuyou, This research was supported financially by the Foundation for Scholars Return from Abroad of State Educational Committee and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 59679010). LIU Xinnian Professors, State Key hydraulic

A sensitivity analysis of the influence of three parameters on the hydraulic geometry of a hypothetical stable straight channel based on a geometric model was performed. With the exception of one of the parameters to be tested the input variables were held constant. The dependent variables of the hydraulic geometry dimensions and profile shapes were free to dynamically adjust themselves to the required equilibrium configuration. The b sensitivity analysis results show that three independent parameters have a strong effects to the dependent geometric parameters

关键词： hydraulic geometry Sensitivity analysis Stable channels Geometric model. Equilibrium configuration

Key morphological changes and their linkages with stream power and land-use changes in the Upper Tapi River basin, India

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2021年第5期36卷 602-615页

作者： Resmi Saseendran Ramani Prem Lal Patel Prafulkumar Vasharambhai Timbadiya Department of Civil Engineering Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology

Knowledge on spatio-temporal variations in planform, hydraulic geometry, and bed-level variations of alluvial streams is required for planning and development of hydraulic structures and bank protection works. In the current study, a Geographic Information System(GIS) has been used to analyze topographical maps, multi-temporal remotely sensed imagery, and hydrologic and hydraulic data to extract the morphological parameters of the Upper Tapi River, India. The river has been found to have consistent migration towards the northern direction, with erosion/deposition on right/left banks. The river has not experienced any major meander except in the lower reaches of the Upper Tapi Gorge and minor braiding conditions at the location where the river emerges from mountainous topography to the plain *** analyzed river cross sections were found to be depth dominated, and contain large flows within the channel banks. The cross-sections exhibited moderate channel bed adjustments in 1994, 2006, and 2007 wherein excessive sediment flux and stream power were capable of causing morphological changes in the river. High intensity rainfall in the subcatchment resulted in high sediment flux into the river during1994, which was reported to cause significant aggradation at the downgauging station. The analysis of sediment flux into the river in conjunction with decadal land use land cover, revealed that sediment yield from the catchment was reduced during 2000 e2010 due to an increase in water bodies in the form of minor hydraulic structures. The entry of comparatively less sediment laden water into the river, resulted in moderate bed degradation especially in 2006 and 2007 as observed at the downstream station. The methodology applied in the current study is generic in nature and can be applied to other rivers to identify their morphological issues.

关键词： Planform hydraulic geometry Hatnur reservoir Land use/land cover Sediment yield

DRAINAGE NETWORKS AFTER WILDFIRE

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2005年第3期20卷 40-47页

作者： D. A. KINNER,J. A. MOODY U.S. Geological Survey Box 25046 DFC Mail Stop 966 Denver CO 80225 USA

Predicting runoff and erosion from watersheds burned by wildfires requires an understanding of the three-dimensional structure of both hillslope and channel drainage networks. We investigate the small- and large-scale structures of drainage networks using field studies and computer analysis of 30-m digital elevation model. Topologic variables were derived from a composite 30-m DEM, which included 14 order 6 watersheds within the Pikes Peak batholith. Both topologic and hydraulic variables were measured in the field in two smaller burned watersheds (3.7 and 7.0 hectares) located within one of the order 6 watersheds burned by the 1996 Buffalo Creek Fire in Central Colorado. Horton ratios of topologic variables (stream number, drainage area, stream length, and stream slope) for small-scale and large-scale watersheds are shown to scale geometrically with stream order (i.e., to be scale invariant). However, the ratios derived for the large-scale drainage networks could not be used to predict the rill and gully drainage network structure. hydraulic variables (width, depth, cross-sectional area, and bed roughness) for small-scale drainage networks were found to be scale invariant across 3 to 4 stream orders. The relation between hydraulic radius and cross-sectional area is similar for rills and gullies, suggesting that their geometry can be treated similarly in hydraulic modeling. Additionally, the rills and gullies have relatively small width-to-depth ratios, implying sidewall friction may be important to the erosion and evolutionary process relative to main stem channels.

关键词： Channel network Steep hillslope drainage network Wildfire Gullies hydraulic geometry

EFFECTIVE DISCHARGE CALCULATION GUIDE

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2001年第4期16卷 445-459页

作者： D. S. BIEDENHARN,C. R. THORNE, P.J.SOAR. ,R.D.HEY, and C. C. WATSONS 1 Engineer, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS 39180, USA. 2Professor School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK. 3 Prof Engineer U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station Vicksburg MS 39180 USA. Professor School of Geography University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK. Research Assistant School of Geography University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK. Reader School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich NR4 7T J UK. Professor Department Civil Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA.

This paper presents a procedure for calculating the effective discharge for rivers with alluvial channels. An alluvial river adjusts the bankfull shape and dimensions of its channel to the wide range of flows that mobilize the boundary sediments. It has been shown that time-averaged river morphology is adjusted to the flow that, over a prolonged period, transports most sediment. This is termed the effective discharge. The effective discharge mayo be calculated provided that the necessary data are available or can be synthesized. The procedure for effective discharge calculation presented here is designed to have general applicability, have the capability to be applied consistently, and represent the effects of physical processes responsible for determining the channel. dimensions. An example of the calculations necessary and applications of the effective discharge concept are presented.

关键词： Bankfull discharge Effective discharge hydraulic geometry Regime theory River engineering River management