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Comparative Test of New Late Indica hybrid rice Combinations with Good Quality

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2021年第4期10卷 20-24页

作者： Jinhe HU Fei ZHU Xiaolin CHENG Yuping HU Fengqin YU Nanchang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanchang 330048

[Objectives]This study was conducted to screen rice varieties suitable for planting in Nanchang City with high quality,high yield,good yield,and strong disease and stress resistance.[Methods]Seven new late indica hybrid rice combinations with good quality bred in Jiangxi Province in recent years and seven new late indica hybrid rice combinations with good quality bred by Nanchang Academy of Agricultural Sciences were introduced,and compared with Tianyouhuazhan as a control.[Results]The rice quality and taste of the tested combinations were better than those of the control.Among the tested combinations,Yuliangyoufuxiangzhan,Xintaiyousizhan,Yuxiangliangyou No.8 and Guangheyou 33 had good stress resistance,high yield and good rice quality.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of new rice varieties in Nanchang City.

关键词： Good-quality late indica rice hybrid rice New combination Comparative test

Two neutral alleles of improving male gamete abortion in indica-japonica hybrid rice

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Chinese rice Research Newsletter 2000年第3期8卷 4-5页

作者： LUChuangen ZOUJiangshi K.TAKABATAKE H.IKEHASHI JiangsuAcadofAgriSci Nanjing210014China GraduateSchoolofAgri KyotoUnivKyoto606-8502Japan

It was difficult to use the pronounced heterosis of indica-japonica hybrids rice due to the panicle sterility caused by male and female gamete abortion. The female gamete abortion in most of subspecific hybrids could be solved by using an abortion-neutral gene S5-n, a wide compatibility gene. The problem of male gamete abortion indicated by distorted segregation of marker genes remained to be studied. Segregation distortion via male gamete had been reported on chromosomes 3, 7, 8, 11, and 12.

关键词： hybrid rice male gamete abortion wide compatibility

Physiological superiority of root system of in ter_subspecific hybrid rice

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Chinese rice Research Newsletter 2000年第4期8卷 10-11页

作者： SHENBo WangXi DeptofBiology HangzhouTeacher＇sCollegeHangzhou310036 CNRRI Hangzhou310006China

Physiology of root system, especially root system activity,is a very important physiological trait of rice, which directly affects rice growth and development of the aerial parts and yield. Inter-subspecific hybrid rice IIyou 2070and Ilyou 419, as well as their restorer lines 2070 and Zhong419, were used to study physiological traits of rice root system. Three years research indicated that inter-subspecific hybrid rice had root systems of physiological superiority. Results were briefly showed as the follows:

关键词： hybrid rice root system growth and development

Two gap-free reference genomes and a global view of the centromere architecture in rice

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Molecular Plant 2021年第10期14卷 1757-1767页

作者： Jia-Ming Song Wen-Zhao Xie Shuo Wang Yi-Xiong Guo Dal-Hoe Koo Dave Kudrna Chenbo Gong Yicheng Huang Jia-Wu Feng Wenhui Zhang Yong Zhou Andrea Zuccolo Evan Long Seunghee Lee Jayson Talag Run Zhou Xi-Tong Zhu Daojun Yuan Joshua Udall Weibo Xie Rod AWing Qifa Zhang Jesse Poland Jianwei Zhang Ling-Ling Chen National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Life Science and Technology Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Wheat Genetics Resource Center Department of Plant PathologyKansas State UniversityManhattanKSUSA Arizona Genomics Institute School of Plant SciencesUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Center for Desert Agriculture Biological and Environmental Sciences&Engineering Division(BESE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Plant and Wildlife Science Department Brigham Young UniversityProvoUT 84602USA International rice Research Institute(IRRI) Strategic InnovationLos Baños4031 LagunaPhilippines Crop Germplasm Research Unit USDA-ARS2881 F&B RoadCollege StationTX 77845USA

rice(Oryza sativa),a major staple throughout the world and a model system for plant genomics and breeding,was the first crop genome sequenced almost two decades ago.However,reference genomes for all higher organisms to date contain gaps and missing sequences.Here,we report the assembly and analysis of gap-free reference genome sequences for two elite O.sativa xian/indica rice varieties,Zhenshan 97 and Minghui 63,which are being used as a model system for studying heterosis and yield.Gap-free reference genomes provide the opportunity for a global view of the structure and function of centromeres.We show that all rice centromeric regions share conserved centromere-specific satellite motifs with different copy numbers and structures.In addition,the similarity of CentO repeats in the same chromosome is higher than across chromosomes,supporting a model of local expansion and homogenization.Both genomes have over 395 non-TE genes located in centromere regions,of which∼41%are actively transcribed.Two large structural variants at the end of chromosome 11 affect the copy number of resistance genes between the two genomes.The availability of the two gap-free genomes lays a solid foundation for further understanding genome structure and function in plants and breeding climate-resilient varieties.

关键词： rice genome ZS97 MH63 hybrid rice centromere architecture

Genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci for the stigma exsertion rate in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第7期16卷 1423-1431页

作者： Md Habibur Rahman ZHANG Ying-xin SUN Lian-ping ZHANG Ke-qin Md Sazzadur Rahman WU Wei-xun ZHAN Xiao-deng CAO Li-yong CHENG Shi-hua Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super rice Research/National Center for rice Improvement/China National rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006P.R.China Department of Agricultural Extension Ministry of AgricultureDhaka 1215Bangladesh Plant Physiology Division Bangladesh Rice Research InstituteGazipur 1701Bangladesh

The efficiency of hybrid rice seed production can be improved by increasing the percentage of exserted stigmas. To identify quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for this trait, we conducted QTL mapping using 75 chromosome segment substitution lines （CSSLs） developed from a cross between the donor parent, Xieqingzao B （XQZB）, a maintainer line which has high stigma exsertion and the recurrent parent, Zhonghui 9308 （ZH9308）, a restorer line which has low stigma exsertion. Atotal of nine QTLs （qSSE5, qSSE10, qSSE11, qDSE10, qDSE11, qTSE5, qTSE6, qTSE10, and qTSE11） for single stigma exsertion （ssE）, dual stigma exsertion （DSE） and total stigma exsertion （TSE） were assessed in two environments （Hainan and Zhejiang）. Six of these QTLs （qSSE10, qSSE11, qDSE10, qDSE11, qTSE10, and qTSE11） were found in both environ- ments, while one QTL （qTSE6） was found in only Hainan, and two QTLs （qSSE5 and qTSE5） were found in only Zhejiang. The qSSE10, qSSE11, qDSE10, qDSE11, qTSE6, qTSE10, and qTSE11 alleles, which are derived from the parent XQZB, exhibited a positive additive effect. In contrast, the qSSE5 and qTSE5 alleles, which are derived from the parent ZH9308, exhibited a negative additive effect. The SSE, DSE and TSE traits were significantly correlated with each other in an en- vironmentally dependent manner. These results indicated that the lines showing higher values for SSE were more likely to exhibit increased values for DSE, which would ultimately increase TSE. To evaluate the advantage of exserted stigmas for cross-pollination, single, dual and total stigma exsertion should be considered separately in future attempts at genetic improvement to achieve increased production of rice hybrid seeds. This study also provides information for fine mapping, gene cloning and particularly marker-assisted selection （MAS）, on the latter and with an emphasis the phenotypic effects and implications of the QTLs for practical use in hybrid rice breeding.

关键词： hybrid rice stigma exsertion rate QTL mapping

Significant association of the novel Rf4-targeted SNP marker with the restorer for WA-CMS in different rice backgrounds and its utilization in molecular screening

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第10期16卷 2128-2135页

作者： CHEN Li-kai YAN Xian-cheng DAI Jun-hao CHEN Si-ping LIU Yong-zhu WANG Hui CHEN Zhi-qiang GUO Tao National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 P.R. China

In the rice cytoplasmic-genetic male sterility （CMS） system, the combination of a CMS line, maintainer line and restorer line carrying the restorer gene to restore fertility, is indispensable for the development of hybrids. However, the process of screening for the trait of fertility restoration is laborious and time-consuming. In the present study, we analyzed the nucleotide sequence of the Rf4 gene, which is the major locus controlling fertility restoration, to identify allele-specific variation. A single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） A/C at ＋474 in the coding sequence （CDS） was found to be capable of strictly distinguishing groups of alleles Rf4 （A） and rf4 （C）. Using KASP genotyping, this valuable SNP was converted to an allele-specific PCR marker. We evaluated and validated the marker among three-line parents with different backgrounds, and the results revealed a complete correlation between SNP alleles and the fertility restoration phenotype. Molecular screening was subsequently carried out for the presence of alleles of Rf4 and Rf3 among 328 diverse rice cultivars with worldwide distribution. The results demonstrate that this SNP marker could be the optimal choice for the molecular identification of potential restorers.

关键词： hybrid rice Rf4 SNP marker fertility restorer

Understanding the genetic basis of rice heterosis: Advances and prospects

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The Crop Journal 2021年第3期9卷 688-692页

作者： Sinan Zhang Xuehui Huang Bin Han Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences College of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China National Center for Gene Research CAS Center for Excellencein Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200233China

Heterosis,which describes the superior vigor and yield of F_1 hybrids with respect to their parents,is observed in many rice hybrid crosses.The exploitation of heterosis is a great leap in the history of rice breeding.With advances in genomics and genetics,high-resolution mapping and functional identification of heterosis-associated loci have been performed in rice.Here we summarize advances in understanding the genetic basis of grain yield heterosis in hybrid rice and provide a vision for the genetic study and breeding application of rice heterosis in the future.

关键词： hybrid rice Heterosis Genetic basis Breeding

Prospects of utilization of inter-subspecific heterosis between indica and japonica rice

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第1期19卷 1-10页

作者： ZHANG Gui-quan Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural University

The Asian cultivated rice(Oryza sativa L.) grown worldwide is divided into two subspecies, indica and japonica. It is well known that the heterosis of inter-subspecies is usually stronger than that of intra-subspecies. Since the 1970 s, indica hybrid rice, an intra-subspecific hybrid rice, has being widely used in China and even in the world. However, the inter-subspecific hybrid rice between indica and japonica is still unavailable. The major obstacle is the hybrid sterility of the inter-subspecies. In recent decades, the genetic and molecular basis of indica-japonica hybrid sterility was understood more and more clearly. Some breeding approaches for overcoming inter-subspecific hybrid sterility were proposed and used to develop the indicajaponica hybrid rice. The updated understanding will offer new approaches for development of breeding lines for overcoming indica-japonica hybrid sterility, which facilitates developing of inter-subspecific hybrid rice.

关键词： heterosis reproductive isolation hybrid sterility genetic basis molecular mechanism subspecies hybrid rice

Critical Yield Factors for Achieving High Grain Yield in Early-Season rice Grown under Mechanical Transplanting Conditions

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第4期89卷 1043-1057页

作者： Jiana Chen Ruichun Zhang Fangbo Cao Xiaohong Yin Tianfeng Liang Min Huang Yingbin Zou Crop and Environment Research Center College of AgronomyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha410128China Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environment Hengyang Institute of Agricultural SciencesHengyang421101China Key Laboratory of rice Genetics and Breeding Rice Research Institute GuangxiGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanning530007China

Double-season rice cropping systems occupy a large portion of the rice production area in southern China.Because the problem of insufficient labor,mechanical transplanting(in contrast to the manual transplanting)was become more attractive in double-season rice system.However,the decisive yield factors which resulting in high grain yield of early-season rice are unclear under mechanical-transplanted conditions.In present study,the field experiments were conducted in the early season in 2017 and repeated in 2018 in Santang Town,Hunan Province,China.Ten early season rice cultivars(Zhuliangyou 819,Lingliangyou 268,Lingliangyou 104,Luliangyou 996,Xiangzaoxian 24,Xiangzaoxian 32,Xiangzaoxian 45,Xiangzaoxian 42,Zhongjiazao 17,and Zhongzao 39)were used as materials in this study.The difference in grain yield and closely-related agronomic and physiological traits of ten tested cultivars were compared.The range of yields(t ha^(–1) at 86%dry matter)in 2017 was 6.2 to 8.7(mean 7.8)and in 2018 was 6.5 to 8.4(mean 7.8).Grain weight and pre-heading biomass accumulation had potent significant positive correlations with the grain yield.The greater pre-heading biomass accumulation was major attributed to higher apparent radiation use efficiency.Our results suggested that early-season rice cultivars to achieve the high grain yield in mechanical-transplanted conditions depends on apparent radiation use efficiency in the pre-heading period and higher grain weight.

关键词： Early-season rice grain yield hybrid rice inbred rice mechanical transplanting