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Towards a fast and stable tachypnea monitor:a C_(60)-Lys enabled optical fiber sensor for humidity tracking in breath progress

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 101-108页

作者：王富祥高峰王小牛王莹金飞任紫峭武俊黄振林周文俊沈常宇 College of Optical and Electronic Technology China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018China College of Materials and Chemistry China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018China

The pandemic of respiratory diseases enlightened people that monitoring respiration has promising prospects in averting many fatalities by tracking the development of diseases.However,the response speed of current optical fiber sensors is still insufficient to meet the requirements of high-frequency respiratory detection during respiratory failure.Here,a scheme for a fast and stable tachypnea monitor is proposed utilizing a water-soluble C_(60)-Lys ion compound as functional material for the tracking of humidity change in the progression of breath.The polarization of C_(60)-Lys can be tuned by the ambient relative humidity change,and an apparent refractive index alteration can be detected due to the small size effect.In our experiments,C_(60)-Lys is conformally and uniformly deposited on the surface of a tilted fiber Bragg grating(TFBG)to fabricate an ultra-fast-response,high-sensitivity,and long-term stable optical fiber humidity sensor.A relative humidity(RH)detecting sensitivity of 0.080 dB/%RH and the equilibrium response time and recovery time of 1.85 s and 1.58 s are observed,respectively.Also,a linear relation is detected between the resonance intensity of the TFBG and the environment RH.In a practical breath monitoring experiment,the instantaneous response time and recovery time are measured as 40 ms and 41 ms,respectively,during a 1.5 Hz fast breath process.Furthermore,an excellent time stability and high repeatability are exhibited in experiments conducted over a range of 7 days.

关键词： humidity sensor fullerene derivative optical fiber sensing tilted fiber Bragg grating nanomaterials

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Sensitive humidity sensor based on moisture-driven energy generation

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5578-5586页

作者： Qingchao Ni Qing Lou Chenglong Shen Guangsong Zheng Runwei Song Jingnan Hao Jialu Liu Jinyang Zhu Jinhao Zang Lin Dong Chong-Xin Shan Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Key Laboratory of Materials PhysicsMinistry of Educationand School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon&Environmental Materials and School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

The emergence of novel self-powered humidity sensors has attracted considerable attention in the fields of smart electronic devices and personal healthcare.Herein,self-powered humidity sensors have been fabricated using a moisture-driven energy generation(MEG)device based on asymmetric tubular graphitic carbon nitride(g-CN)films prepared on anodized aluminum(AAO)template.At a relative humidity(RH)of 96%,the MEG device can provide an open-circuit voltage of 0.47 V and a short-circuit current of 3.51μA,with a maximum output power of 0.08μW.With inherent self-powered ability and humidity response via current variation,an extraordinary response of 1.78×106%(41%-96%RH)can be gained from the MEG device.The possible power generation mechanism is that g-CN/AAO heterostructure can form ion gradient and diffusion under the action of moisture to convert chemical potential into electrical potential,evoking a connaturally sensitive response to humidity.Self-powered respiration monitoring device based on the sensor is designed to monitor human movement(sitting,warming up,and running)and sleep status(normal,snoring,and apnea),maintaining excellent stability during cumulative 12-h respiration monitoring.This self-powered humidity sensing technology has promising potential for extensive integration into smart electronic and round-the-clock health monitoring devices.

关键词： graphitic carbon nitride moisture-driven energy generation humidity sensor respiration monitoring

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Nanodiamond/Ti3C2 MXene-coated quartz crystal microbalance humidity sensor with high sensitivity and high quality factor

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2719-2729页

作者： Yao Yao Qiao Chen Yan-Qi Li Xian-He Huang Wei-Wei Ling Zhe-Miao Xie Jia-Qi Wang Chang-Ming Chen College of Communication Engineering Chengdu University of Information Technology School of Automation Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Advanced Micro-/Nano-Devices Lab Department of Systems Design EngineeringUniversity of Waterloo

To address the challenge of achieving both high sensitivity and a high quality factor in quartz crystal microbalance（QCM） humidity sensors,a nanodiamond（ND）/Ti3C2MXene composite-coated QCM humidity sensor was fabricated.The material characteristics of ND,Ti3C2MXene,and ND/Ti3C2MXene composite were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and Fourier transform infrared（FTIR） spectroscopy.The experimental results demonstrated that the hydrophilic ND nanoparticles coated on Ti3C2MXene nanosheet prevented the self-stacking of Ti3C2MXene and enhanced the sensitivity of Ti3C2MXene-based QCM humidity sensor.Moreover,the high mechanical modulus of Ti3C2MXene material helped ND/Ti3C2MXene composite-coated QCM humidity sensor to achieve a high quality factor（> 20,000）.ND/Ti3C2MXene compositecoated QCM humidity sensor exhibited a sensitivity of 82.45 Hz/%RH,a humidity hysteresis of 1.1 %RH,fast response/recovery times,acceptable repeatability,and good stability from 11.3%RH to 97.3%RH.The response mechanism of ND/Ti3C2MXene composite-coated QCM humidity sensor was analyzed in combination with a bi-exponential kinetic adsorption model.Finally,the potential application of ND/Ti3C2MXene composite-coated QCM humidity sensor was demonstrated through its frequency response to wooden blocks with different moisture contents.

关键词： humidity sensor Quartz crystal microbalance Nanodiamond Ti 3 C 2 MXene High quality factor

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A flexible organohydrogel-based humidity sensor for noncontact artificial sensation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第1期65卷 191-200页

作者： ZHANG Yu LI Chen YANG Han ZHAO Rui CHEN XinJian NIE BaoQing HU Liang Medical Image Processing Analysis and Visualization(MIPAV)School of Electronic and Information EngineeringSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215000China State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences(RAD-X)and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215000China

In this paper,we propose a simple organohydrogel based capacitive humidity sensor for noncontact artificial sensation applications.The sensor is simple in design and consists of a transparent polyacrylamide organohydrogel thin film attached on a flexible inter-digit electrode layer.The process of water absorption and desorption is reversible,thus the dielectric of the organohydrogel film as well as the overall capacitance is dependent on environmental humidity.The water absorption capacity and structural reliability of the device have been largely improved by adding glycerol in the organohydrogel network.By optimizing both the glycerol concentration and organohydrogel film thickness,the sensor can respond to cyclic humidity changes in a period of 300 ms.In addition,this sensor achieves a high relative capacitance increase(by 20 folds)in a wide relative humidity range(12%-95%).The sensor also exhibits high stability under different bending curvatures(up to 6.81 mm),wide temperature changes(20℃-40℃)and external pressures(0-8 N).To demonstrate the applications in wearable electronics,we found that the sensor was successful in detecting respiration intensity and rate as well as the difference in moisture content in various objects,i.e.,human skin and leaf surface.This sensor is highly sensitive and can be useful in the detection of the widerange of humidity changes.

关键词： humidity sensor organohydrogel wearable electronics

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A highly efficient humidity sensor based on lead(Ⅱ) coordination polymer via in-situ decarboxylation and hydrolysis synthesis

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Rare Metals 2022年第5期41卷 1652-1660页

作者： Hao Dong Le-Xi Zhang Heng Xu Yan-Yan Yin Yi-Fei Liu Li-Jian Bie School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and DevicesKey Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices(Ministry of Education)National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials EducationTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Binhai CollegeTianjin 300270China

Function-oriented design of coordination polymers is emerging as an attracting topic to explore their practical applications, e.g., gas/humidity sensing. However,the successful synthesis of new coordination polymers showing splendid sensing property is an urgent need in fields of materials and sensors, yet still at the initial stage.In this contribution, a new one-dimensional(1D) coordination polymer with formula of [Pb(TAA)(BA)(H_(2)O)]_(n)(namedasPbL,HTAA = 3-thiopheneaceticacid,HBA = benzoic acid) has been successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method, which involves in-situ synthesis of both decarboxylation and hydrolysis. As an impedimetric humidity sensing material, this coordination polymer exhibits excellent humidity sensing performance including high response, fast response, small hysteresis, and good repeatability. In the total relative humidity range(11%–97%) at room temperature, it is worth noting that the sensitivity of the humidity sensor is as high as 1.18×10^(4),the response time is only 2 s, and the max humidity hysteresis is as small as 1.8%. At last, we discussed the sensing mechanism using the alternating current(AC) impedance technique at various relative humidity.

关键词： Lead Coordination polymer In-situ synthesis humidity sensor

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High-humidity sensor of a New Trinuclear Ti_(3)-Oxo Cluster

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2022年第3期41卷 70-76,I0009页

作者：孙世豪张潜翀叶晓亮 KASHI Chivanje evulu 李文华王观娥徐刚 College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China

Crystalline polyoxo-titanium clusters(PTCs),as a molecular model of TiO_(2)nanomaterials,have attracted unprecedented attention due to their designable structure,tunable band gap,catalysis,and photochromic properties.A new trinuclear Ti3-oxo cluster,[Ti3(μ2-O)(μ3-O)(abz)_(6)(OiPr)_(2)]·CH_(3)CN·H_(2)O(Ti3),was synthesized by solvothermal method with a yield of 60%by using 4-aminobenzoic acid as ligand.Single-crystal X-ray diffraction shows that it has a[Ti3(μ2-O)(μ3-O)(abz)_(6)(OiPr)_(2)]trinuclear cluster structure.Ti3 crystallizes in monoclinic space group P21/c with a=11.091(1),b=22.837(2),c=22.754(1)Å,β=90.580(6)°,V=5763.0(6)Å3,Z=4,Dc=1.345 g·cm-3,F(000)=2412,μ=2.743 mm^(−1),R=0.0796,and wR=0.2260(I>2σ(I)).Ti3 shows typical semiconductive behavior determined by temperature-dependent conductivity test.The chemiresistive humidity sensor fabricated by Ti3 showed good performance,including high response(four orders of magnitude current change from 0 to 100%RH)and fast response time(160 s)and recovery time(26 s).

关键词： polyoxo-titanium clusters semiconductor chemiresistive sensor humidity sensor

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Ultra-thin CoAl layered double hydroxide nanosheets for the construction of highly sensitive and selective QCM humidity sensor

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中国化学快报:英文版 2023年第8期34卷 376-381页

作者： Yongheng Zhu Xuhua Dong Jinsheng Cheng Lumin Wang Cheng Zhao Yonghui Deng Siqi Xie Yingjie Pan Yong Zhao Gengzhi Sun Tianjun Ni College of Food Science and Technology Laboratory of Quality&Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation(Shanghai)Ministry of Agriculture and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing&Preservation Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China School of Basic Medicine Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453003China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLOFE)&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials(SICAM)Nanjing Tech University(NanjingTech)Nanjing 211816China Department of Chemistry FudanUniversityShanghai 200433China Henry-Fork School of Food Sciences Shaoguan UniversityShaoguan 512005China

To achieve real-time monitoring of humidity in various applications,we prepared facile and ultra-thin CoAl layered double hydroxide(CoAl LDH)nanosheets to engineer quartz crystal microbalances(QCM).The characteristics of CoAl LDH were investigated by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy(XPS),Brunauer–Emmett–Telle(BET),atomic force microscopy(AFM)and zeta potential.Due to their large specific surface area and abundant hydroxyl groups,CoAl LDH nanosheets exhibit good humidity sensing performance.In a range of 11.3%and 97.6%relative humidity(RH),the sensor behaved an ultrahigh sensitivity(127.8 Hz/%RH),fast response(9.1 s)and recovery time(3.1 s),low hysteresis(3.1%RH),good linearity(R^(2)=0.9993),stability and selectivity.Besides,the sensor can recover the initial response frequency after being wetted by deionized water,revealing superior self-recovery ability under high humidity.Based on in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),the adsorption mechanism of CoAl LDH toward water molecules was explored.The QCM sensor can distinguish different respiratory states of people and wetting degree of fingers,as well as monitor the humidity in vegetable packaging,suggesting excellent properties and a promising application in humidity sensing.

关键词： Layered double hydroxide nanosheets Quartz crystal microbalance humidity sensor Respiratory monitoring Sensing mechanism

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Electrospinning of Flexible Poly(vinyl alcohol)/MXene Nanofiber-Based humidity sensor Self-Powered by Monolayer Molybdenum Diselenide Piezoelectric Nanogenerator

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Nano-Micro Letters 2021年第4期13卷 30-42页

作者： Dongyue Wang Dongzhi Zhang Peng Li Zhimin Yang Qian Mi Liandong Yu College of Control Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision InstrumentsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Two-dimensional material has been widely investigated for potential applications in sensor and flexible electronics.In this work,a self-powered flexible humidity sensing device based on poly(vinyl alcohol)/Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx(PVA/MXene)nanofibers film and monolayer molybdenum diselenide(MoSe2)piezoelectric nanogenerator(PENG)was reported for the first time.The monolayer MoSe_(2)-based PENG was fabricated by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition techniques,which can generate a peak output of 35 mV and a power density of42 mW m^(-2).The flexible PENG integrated on polyethylene terephthalate(PET)substrate can harvest energy generated by different parts of human body and exhibit great application prospects in wearable devices.The electrospinned PVA/MXene nanofiber-based humidity sensor with flexible PET substrate under the driven of monolayer MoSe_(2) PENG,shows high response of~40,fast response/recovery time of 0.9/6.3 s,low hysteresis of 1.8%and excellent repeatability.The self-powered flexible humidity sensor yields the capability of detecting human skin moisture and ambient humidity.This work provides a pathway to explore the high-performance humidity sensor integrated with PENG for the self-powered flexible electronic devices.

关键词： Self-powered sensing Monolayer molybdenum diselenide Piezoelectric nanogenerator humidity sensor Flexible electronics

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Novel capacitance-type humidity sensor based on multi-wall carbon nanotube/SiO_2 composite films

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Journal of Semiconductors 2011年第3期32卷 66-70页

作者：刘晓为赵振刚李拓王鑫 Department of Microelectronics Harbin Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing Ministry of Education

A novel capacitance-type relative humidity(RH) sensor based on multi-wall carbon nanotube/SiO(MWCNTs/SiO) composite film is reported.Details of the fabrication process,possible sensing mechanism and sensing characteristics,such as linearity and sensitivity,are described.The capacitance of the MWCNTs/SiOcomposite film shows typical concentration percolation behavior with increasing MWCNT loading.At loadings below the percolation threshold(1.842wt%),the sensor capacitance increases obviously with increasing MWCNTs. The water condensed in the MWCNTs/SiOlayer can lower the percolation threshold and increase the sensor capacitance.The sensor with MWCNT concentration of 1wt%has the best properties.The sensor has a humidity sensitivity of about 673 pF/%RH and a linearity correlation of 0.98428.The response time of the sensor to RH is about 40 s and the recovery time is about 2 s.

关键词： carbon nanotubes humidity sensor percolation threshold capacitance-type

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PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF humidity sensor BASED ON POLY(3-ALKYL)PYRROLE CONTAINING PHOSPHONIC ACID GROUPS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2013年第10期31卷 1443-1450页

作者： Xue-diao Cai Ru Huang Ya-nan Guo Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal University

Poly（3-alkyl）pyrroles containing phosphonic acid groups with different alkyl segment lengths were chemical synthesized and the properties were measured by FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. FTIR and UV-Vis results showed that the synthesized polymers were in a low doping level through chemical polymerization. By spin-coating on the surface of substrates, the polymer can be used as a humidity sensor. The change of DC electric current of the polypyrroles varies with the chain length of the alkyl substituents. The capacitance increases with the increase of the humidity and resistance decreases with the increase of humidity. This result is different from that ofpolypyrrole without alkyl substituents due to the influence of the phosphonic acid group. The sensor showed the resistive-type at high relative humidity, and the capacitive- type at the low relative humidity. The sensor exhibited very fast response to the change of environment humidity.

关键词： Poly（3-alkyl）pyrrole humidity sensor Phosphonic acid group Capacitive-type Resistive-type.

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