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human endogenous retroviruses and cancer:Causality and therapeutic possibilities

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第42期18卷 6027-6035页

作者： Christina S Mullins Michael Linnebacher Department of General ThoracicVascular and Transplantation SurgerySection Molecular Oncology and ImmunotherapyUniversity of RostockSchillingallee 3518057 RostockGermany

A substantial part of the human genome is derived from transposable elements;remnants of ancient retroviral *** estimates set the percentage of human endogenous retroviruses(HERVs) in the genome at 8%.For the most part,the interplay between mutations,epigenetic mechanisms and posttranscriptional regulations silence HERVs in somatic *** first highlight mechanisms by which activation of members of several HERV families may be associated with tumor development before discussing the arising chances for both diagnosis and *** has been shown that at least in some cases,tumor cells expressing HERV open reading frames(ORFs) thus gain tumor-promoting ***,since these proteins are not expressed in healthy tissues,they become prime target *** potential pharmacological interest are the prevention of HERV transposition,the inhibition of HERV-encoded protein expression and the interference with these proteins' *** from recent studies unequivocally proves that HERV ORFs represent a very interesting source of novel tumor-specific antigens with even the potential to surpass entity *** development of new tumor(immune-) therapies is a very active field and true tumor-specific targets are of outstanding interest since they minimize the risk of autoimmunity and could reduce side ***,we postulate on main future research streams in order to stimulate discussion on this hot topic.

关键词： human endogenous retroviruses Gastro-intestinal cancer Therapeutic targets Tumor-specificantigens Tumorigenesis

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