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Late Quaternary Activity of the huashan piedmont fault and Associated Hazards in the Southeastern Weihe Graben,Central China

引用

Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第1期91卷 76-92页

作者： DU Jianjun LI Dunpeng WANG Yufang MA Yinsheng Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Key Laboratory of Neotectonic Movement and Geohazard Ministry of Land and Resources Beijing 100081 China College of Zijin Mining Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China Center of Oil and Gas Resources Survey China Geological Survey Beijing 100029 China

The Weihe Graben is not only an important Cenozoic fault basin in China but also a significant active seismic zone. The huashan piedmont fault is an important active fault on the southeast side of the Weihe Graben and has been highly active since the Cenozoic. The well–known Great Huaxian County Earthquake of 1556 occurred on the huashan piedmont fault. This earthquake, which claimed the lives of approximately 830000 people, is one of the few large earthquakes known to have occurred on a high–angle normal fault. The huashan piedmont fault is a typical active normal fault that can be used to study tectonic activity and the associated hazards. In this study, the types and characteristics of late Quaternary deformation along this fault are discussed from geological investigations, historical research and comprehensive analysis. On the basis of its characteristics and activity, the fault can be divided into three sections, namely eastern, central and western. The eastern and western sections display normal slip. Intense deformation has occurred along the two sections during the Quaternary; however, no deformation has occurred during the Holocene. The central section has experienced significant high–angle normal fault activity during the Quaternary, including the Holocene. Holocene alluvial fans and loess cut by the fault have been identified at the mouths of many stream valleys of the huashan Mountains along the central section of the huashan piedmont fault zone. Of the three sections of the huashan piedmont fault, the central section is the most active and was very active during the late Quaternary. The rate of normal dip–slip was 1.67–2.71±0.11 mm/a in the Holocene and 0.61±0.15 mm/a during the Mid–Late Pleistocene. As is typical of normal faults, the late Quaternary activity of the huashan piedmont fault has produced a set of disasters, which include frequent earthquakes, collapses, landslides, mudslides and ground fissures. Ground fissures mainly occur on the hangin

关键词： Weihe Graben huashan piedmont fault late Quaternary fault–related hazards normal fault

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