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Dihalogenated nitrophenols in drinking water:Prevalence,resistance to household treatment,and cardiotoxic impact on zebrafish embryo

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Eco-Environment & Health 2024年第2期3卷 183-191页

作者： Hongjie Sun Yingying Liu Chunxiu Wu Lena QMa Dongxing Guan Huachang Hong Haiying Yu Hongjun Lin Xianfeng Huang Peng Gao Key Laboratory of watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security College of Geography and Environmental ScienceZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China College of Chemistry and Life Science Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Institute of Soil and water Resources and Environmental Science College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ecological treatment Technology of Urban water Pollution College of Life and Environmental ScienceWenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261United States UPMC Hillman Cancer Center PittsburghPA 15232United States

Dihalogenated nitrophenols(2,6-DHNPs),an emerging group of aromatic disinfection byproducts(DBPs)detected in drinking water,have limited available information regarding their persistence and toxicological *** present study found that 2,6-DHNPs are resistant to major drinking water treatment processes(sedimentation and filtration)and households methods(boiling,filtration,microwave irradiation,and ultrasonic cleaning).To further assess their health risks,we conducted a series of toxicology studies using zebrafish embryos as the model *** findings reveal that these emerging 2,6-DHNPs showed lethal toxicity 248 times greater than that of the regulated DBP,dichloroacetic ***,at sublethal concentrations,exposure to 2,6-DHNPs generated reactive oxygen species(ROS),caused apoptosis,inhibited cardiac looping,and induced cardiac failure in ***,the use of a ROS scavenger,N-acetyl-l-cysteine,considerably mitigated these adverse effects,emphasizing the essential role of ROS in 2,6-DHNP-induced *** findings highlight the cardiotoxic potential of 2,6-DHNPs in drinking water even at low concentrations of 19μg/L and the beneficial effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine in alleviating the 2,6-DHNP-induced *** study underscores the urgent need for increased scrutiny of these emerging compounds in public health discussions.

关键词： Dihalogenated nitrophenols household water treatment Zebrafish embryo Reactive oxygen species Cardiotoxicity

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Collaborative Efforts and Strategies for Cholera Outbreak Control in Garissa County, Kenya: Implementation of water Quality Monitoring Interventions

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Journal of water Resource and Protection 2024年第2期16卷 123-139页

作者： Michael Habtu Mark Nanyingi Ali A. Hassan Abdiwahid M. Noor Joel Mutyandia Muli Alan Mwika Julius Wekesa Ahmed Fidhow Diba Dulacha Landry Kabego Ishata Nannie Conteh Andre Arsene Bita Fouda Sonia Chene Aden H. Ibrahim Ahmed Nadhir Omar Martins C. Livinus Abdourahmane Diallo World Health Organization Nairobi Kenya Department of Health Garissa County Government Garissa Kenya water Resources Authority Garissa Kenya World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa Brazzaville Congo Regional Agency for Health Dijon France

A multi-faceted Case Area Targeted Intervention (CATI) approach emphasizing the integration of water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) interventions and Oral Cholera Vaccine (OCV) campaign was employed to respond to the outbreak of cholera in Garissa County. Drinking water sources in areas heavily impacted by cholera were systematically mapped and tested for microbiological quality. The quality assessment was carried out in April 2023 during an ongoing cholera outbreak in the county. A total of 109 samples were collected and tested for thermotolerant coliforms and other in situ parameters. The finding revealed that more than 87% of the samples did not meet the World Health Organization (WHO) standard for thermotolerant coliforms;and 30% had turbidity values above the recommended threshold values. None of the 109 samples had any traceable residual chlorine. Following these findings, the county government implemented the targeted interventions which resulted in a positive impact in the fight against cholera. The WHO supported key interventions which included capacity building in water quality monitoring and prepositioning of critical WASH commodities to the cholera affected areas.

关键词： Cholera Drinking water household water treatment Kenya

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