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Attributable risk and potential impact of interventions to reduce household air pollution associated with under-five mortality in South Asia

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Global Health Research and Policy 2018年第1期3卷 361-369页

作者： Sabrina Naz Andrew Page Kingsley Emwinyore Agho Translational Health Research Institute School of MedicineWestern Sydney UniversityBuilding 3Campbelltown CampusLocked Bag 1797PenrithNSW 2571Australia School of Science and Health Western Sydney UniversityCampbelltown CampusLocked Bag 1797PenrithNSW 2571Australia

Background:Solid fuel use is the major source of household air pollution(HAP)and accounts for a substantial burden of morbidity and mortality in low and middle income *** evaluate and compare childhood mortality attributable to HAP in four South Asian ***:A series of Demographic and Health Survey(DHS)datasets for Bangladesh,India,Nepal and Pakistan were used for *** of relative risk and exposure prevalence relating to use of cooking fuel and under-five mortality were used to calculate population attributable fractions(PAFs)for each *** impact fractions(PIFs)were also calculated assessing theoretical scenarios based on published interventions aiming to reduce exposure ***:There are an increased risk of under-five mortality in those exposed to cooking fuel compared to those not exposed in the four South Asian countries(OR=1.30,95%CI=1.07-1.57,P=0.007).Combined PAF estimates for South Asia found that 66%(95%CI:43.1-81.5%)of the 13,290 estimated cases of under-five mortality was attributable to *** PIF estimates(assuming achievable reductions in HAP reported in intervention studies conducted in South Asia)indicates 47%of neonatal and 43%of under-five mortality cases associated with HAP could be avoidable in the four South Asian countries ***:Elimination of exposure to use of cooking fuel in the household targeting valuable intervention strategies(such as cooking in separate kitchen,improved cook stoves)could reduce substantially under-five mortality in South Asian countries.

关键词： household air pollution Under-five mortality Cooking fuel Population attributable risk South Asia

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The impact of air pollution on the incidence and mortality of COVID-19

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Global Health Research and Policy 2020年第1期5卷 138-140页

作者： Abhinav Karan Kabeer Ali Surujpal Teelucksingh Sateesh Sakhamuri Department of Clinical Medical Sciences Faculty of Medical SciencesThe University of the West IndiesSt.Augustine CampusSt.AugustineTrinidad and Tobago

air pollution is the most significant environmental risk factor for all-cause mortality,and it has caused substantial disability-adjusted life-years and economic *** pollution intensified the mortality during past pandemics,Spanish flu in 1918 and SARS-CoV-1 in *** increases host susceptibility and virulence of respiratory infections and reduces viral ***,a question arises whether there will be any impact of air pollution on the current pandemic coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)?Thus far,history and science are directing towards an immense potential impact of air pollution on the COVID-19 *** of the devastated countries with the current pandemic are those with a poor air quality *** epidemiological and ecological studies are necessary to confirm this ***,countries must mobilize funding for mitigation of air pollution to benefit environmental health and ameliorate its potential effects on pandemics of the future.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV 2 air pollution Particulate matter household air pollution

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Cardiovascular disease mortality and air pollution in countries with different socioeconomic status

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2024年第3期10卷 247-255页

作者： Nikolai Khaltaev Svetlana Axelrod Global Non-Communicable Diseases Platform Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory DiseasesGenevaSwitzerland Institute for Leadership and Health Management I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State University(Sechenov University)MoscowRussia

Background Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)account for 17.9 million deaths *** risk factors increase the risk of dying from *** pollution is not included in this risk calculation since the appreciation of air pollution as a modifiable risk factor is still *** purpose of this study was to analyze CVD mortality attributed to air pollution in all World Health Organization WHO member states and demonstrate the association of CVD mortality with air pollution depending on countries'income *** The CVD death rate was calculated by dividing the number of deaths by the total *** proportion of the population with primary reliance on clean fuels and technologies for cooking was calculated as an indicator of household air *** annual mean concentration of fine particulate matter≤2.5µg/m^(3) and≤10.0µg/m^(3) to which the population is exposed was used as an indicator of ambient air *** There is a gradual increase in CVD mortality attributed to air pollution from high-income countries(HICs)to low-income countries(LICs).household air pollution is the major cause of CVD mortality in *** heart disease mortality attributed to ambient air pollution in all countries is higher than stroke mortality attributed to ambient air *** LIC,mortality from stroke is attributed to household air pollution of 39.27±14.47,which is more than twice the stroke mortality attributed to ambient air pollution at 18.60±5.64,t=7.17,pair pollution control should be an essential component of the CVD preventive strategy,along with lifestyle modifications and effective disease management.

关键词： ambient air pollution cardiovascular disease household air pollution low-income countries World Health Organization

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