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Membrane bioreactors for hospital wastewater treatment: recent advancements in membranes and processes

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第5期16卷 634-660页

作者： Yan Zhao Yangbo Qiu Natalie Mamrol Longfei Ren Xin Li Jiahui Shao Xing Yang Bart van der Bruggen Department of Chemical Engineering KU LeuvenB-3001 LeuvenBelgium School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

Discharged hospital wastewater contains various pathogenic microorganisms,antibiotic groups,toxic organic compounds,radioactive elements,and ionic pollutants.These contaminants harm the environment and human health causing the spread of disease.Thus,effective treatment of hospital wastewater is an urgent task for sustainable development.Membranes,with controllable porous and nonporous structures,have been rapidly developed for molecular separations.In particular,membrane bioreactor(MBR)technology demonstrated high removal efficiency toward organic compounds and low waste sludge production.To further enhance the separation efficiency and achieve material recovery from hospital waste streams,novel concepts of MBRs and their applications are rapidly evolved through hybridizing novel membranes(non hydrophilic ultrafiltration/microfiltration)into the MBR units(hybrid MBRs)or the MBR as a pretreatment step and integrating other membrane processes as subsequent secondary purification step(integrated MBR-membrane systems).However,there is a lack of reviews on the latest advancement in MBR technologies for hospital wastewater treatment,and analysis on its major challenges and future trends.This review started with an overview of main pollutants in common hospital wastewater,followed by an understanding on the key performance indicators/criteria in MBR membranes(i.e.,solute selectivity)and processes(e.g.,fouling).Then,an in-depth analysis was provided into the recent development of hybrid MBR and integrated MBR-membrane system concepts,and applications correlated with wastewater sources,with a particular focus on hospital wastewaters.It is anticipated that this review will shed light on the knowledge gaps in the field,highlighting the potential contribution of hybrid MBRs and integrated MBRmembrane systems toward global epidemic prevention.

关键词： membrane technology membrane bioreactor hospital wastewater hybrid MBR integrated MBR-membrane system

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Removal efficiencies of natural and synthetic progesterones in hospital wastewater treated by different disinfection processes

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第10期16卷 11-22页

作者： Jinhui Liang Yuchen Luo Benhang Li Shiqi Liu Liansheng Yang Peng Gao Li Feng Yongze Liu Ziwen Du Liqiu Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Progesterones are ubiquitous in hospital wastewater(HWW)with concentrations much higher than those of estrogens and androgens.To ensure that these water systems are safe to use,disinfection is crucial during HWW treatment by providing"front line"defense against biological contaminations.Here,five disinfection processes,namely,chlorine(Cl_(2)),chlorine dioxide(ClO_(2)),ozone(O_(3)),ultraviolet(UV)),and UV/chlorine(UV/Cl_(2)),were selected to investigate their removal efficiencies for progesterones in primary filtration and secondary biological treatment effluents.There were 61 natural and synthetic progesterones detected in HWW,with the natural progesterones being the main components with a concentration of 845.51 ng/L and contributing to 75.08%of the total proge-sterones.The primary filtration treatment presented insignificant removal effects on the progesterones,while the secondary biological treatment significantly reduced the progesterone content by biode-gradation.The order of removal efficiencies of total progesterones by different disinfection processes was UV/Cl_(2)>Cl_(2)>O_(3)>ClO_(2)>UV.UV/Cl_(2)showed the highest removal efficiency against progesterones mainly due to the activation of Cl_(2)by ultraviolet(UV)photolysis,which helps open the heterocyclic,aromatic,and phenolic rings,thus accelerating progesterone degradation.In addition,the removal efficiencies of natural progesterones in the five disinfection processes were higher than those of synthetic progesterones(progesterone derivatives,19-nortestosterone derivatives,and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone derivatives).

关键词： Progesterones hospital wastewater Primary filtration treatment effluent Secondary biological treatment effluent Disinfection process

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Use of Natural Coagulants in Removing Organic Matter, Turbidity and Fecal Bacteria from hospital wastewater by Coagulation-Flocculation Process

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2022年第11期14卷 719-730页

作者： Lyde A. S. Tometin Odilon M. Nonfodji Waris K. Chouti Marius Dannon Akim Aboubakari Jacques K. Fatombi Laboratoire Kaba de Recherche en Chimie et Applications ( LakReCA) Ecole Normale Supérieure de Natitingou Natitinqou Bénin Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique et Environnementale (LaCIE) Faculté des Sciences et Techniques UAC Cotonou Bénin

hospital wastewater represents an infectious and toxic risk to human health and the environment due to its contents. Most hospitals in developing countries, including Benin, do not have a wastewater treatment plant. In this study, the wastewater from two hospitals in northern Benin was characterized and then treated with Azadirachta indica leaves, Moringa oleifera and Luffa cylindrica seeds by coagulation/flocculation process. The wastewater characteristics showed that the collected samples are greatly polluted by organic matter and fecal bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Enterococcus fecal and Total coliforms. Jar-test results revealed that 95.74%, 78%, 49.19% of turbidity, 51.35%, 38.32%, 22.19% of COD, 93.16%, 85.26%, 83.30% against Escherichia coli, 92.11%, 90.93%, 94.60% against total Coliforms and 99.37%, 91%, 99%, 55.07% against Enterococcus were removed from hospital wastewater using Moringa oleifera, Luffa cylindrica seed and Azadirachta indica leaves respectively at dose of 100 mg/L. The results highlighted that the natural coagulants could be successfully used for the removal of turbidity and fecal bacteria from hospital wastewater.

关键词： hospital wastewater Fecal Bacteria Organic Matter Natural Coagulants Removal

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Optimization of Technical Parameters for Detecting Mycobacteria in hospital wastewater in Tropical Urban Areas: The Case of the City of Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2023年第3期13卷 195-206页

作者： Cissé Souleymane Coulibaly-Kalpy Julien Vakou N’dri Sabine Assohoiun Egomli Stanislas Ouattara Mohamed Baguy Kouamé Kintossou Ambroise Diané Kouao Maxime Ettien Money Marcelle Nguessan Felix Kouassi Dosso Mireille Department of the Biological Resource Center Institut Pasteur Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Department of Environment and Health Institut Pasteur Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Microbial Genomics and Metagenomics Institut Pasteur Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology Jean Lorougnon Guédé University Daloa C&#244te d’Ivoire Input Preparation Unit Institut Pasteur Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Institut Pasteur Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

The loads of organic matter, microorganisms, detergents and antibiotics in liquid hospital effluents make them complex environments, raising numerous health and ecological questions. Investigations of mycobacteria in water lack adequate techniques. This study is the first part of a pilot project aimed at developing an optimized protocol for the isolation of mycobacteria from hospital effluents, as a prelude to more in-depth investigation in this matrix. The aim was to compare the performance of two decontamination methods, three culture media and two incubation temperatures generally proposed in the literature, in order to identify the most effective methods in each case, as well as possible areas for improvement in the isolation of these germs from this environmental matrix. The results show that liquid hospital effluent can be decontaminated using both the NaOH method (4%;for 30 min.) and the CPC method (0.05%;for 30 min.), with the same mycobacteria recovery efficiency. Despite the low concentration, decontamination with CPC killed more mycobacteria and sufficiently eliminated contaminating germs. In contrast, decontamination with NaOH was less harmful to mycobacteria, but did not remove many contaminating germs. On the other hand, LJG medium performed better than LJGF medium and LJGP medium for the growth of mycobacteria in hospital waters. Finally, there was no difference in performance between the two incubation temperatures of 30℃ and 37℃. The results of this study show that further evaluation of existing protocols is required in order to optimize methods for the pre-treatment of hospital effluent for the isolation of mycobacteria.

关键词： hospital wastewater Mycobacterium Decontamination Löwenstein Jensen Medium Growth Temperature

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Determination of Genotoxic Pollution of Some hospital wastewater with Salmonella Ames Test

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2012年第10期4卷 859-865页

作者： Ali Riza Atasoy Engin Karakece Mustafa Petek Lokman Alpsoy Abdullah Kiran Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineSakarya UniversitySakaryaTurkey Microbiology Laboratory Sakarya Education and Research HospitalSakaryaTurkey Institute of Science and Engineering Fatih UniversityIstanbulTurkey Saruhanli Food Vocational School Celal Bayar UniversityManisaTurkey

wastewater of hospitals contains materials that would be a threat to alive. These water needs to be checked by a biological purification before leaving to nature. hospital wastewater has differences than domestic waste because of especially blood, body waste, drugs, chemicals, medical device waste and radioactive materials. We aimed to determine genotoxic effects of total pollution in hospital wastewater on alive by Salmonella microsome test method. In this study, we decided on three hospitals which weren’t checked as biological purification of waste. The samples were taken for six 1-week periods between March 2009 and June 2009. Mutagenite studies of samples taken from hospitals were made with ,Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and TA 100. wastewater samples were evaporated. 27 different test materials were prepared using DMSO, ethanol and acetone solvents, two different MGA plaques were used for each test material. Each experiment was made for 3 times with known results of mutagens and we made it ready for “Ames” test method. We had genotoxicity 50% in Istanbul University Medical Faculty hospital, 56% in Haseki hospital and 61% in Vak?f Gureba hospital. According to three hospitals result there are 9 positives, 9 negatives in DMSO;9 positives, 9 negatives in ethanol;12 positives, 6 negatives in acetone. These values are totally 56%. Our results give important information about mutagenic effect of total pollution in hospital wastewater. It is first time researched in Turkey that effect on DNA of pollution is from hospital wastewaters. In prospective studies, it is necessary to use this system as a method to monitor mutagenic genotoxic pollution in hospital wastewaters. These kinds of studies present applicability and importance of our method because of placing in the literature. Method constitutes a new approach to check mutagenite of pollution in hospital wastewater.

关键词： hospital wastewater Ames Test TA 98 TA 100 Genotoxicity

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Contaminant Properties of hospital Clinical Laboratory wastewater: A Physiochemical and Microbiological Assessment

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第5期7卷 635-642页

作者： Beril Salman Akin Department of Environmental Sciences Institute of Sciences and Technology Gazi University Teknikokullar Turkey

hospital laboratory wastewater has been considered to significantly change the degree of contamination of especially the hospital wastewater. The present study investigated the hospital clinical laboratory wastewater and the pollution loads were assessed for pathogens, heavy metals, and organic materials. Composite samples were collected from clinical laboratory wastewater of a 350-bed hospital for a six-month period. Analyses for pH, TSS (Total Suspended Solid), BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), PO4-P, and Cl as well as heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, Al, and Mn) were made in order to physiochemical properties of the samples. Bacterial isolation (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobaumanii, CNS—Coagulase- Negative Staphylococcus) and antigen-antibody analyses were conducted in order to find the microbiological pollution load of the wastewater. As a result of the study it was found that the hospital clinical laboratory wastewater was alkaline and COD/BOD ratio reached to a range of 10 - 12 in the wastewater. It was concluded that although the heavy metal concentrations were within the sewage discharge limits the said levels could pose health risk. It was also found that the wastewater entailed health risk due to pathogens.

关键词： hospital wastewater Heavy Metal Water Quality Bacterial Isolation

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Assessment of the Physicochemical and Microbiological Parameters of a Teaching hospital’s wastewaters in Abidjan in Côte d’Ivoire

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2016年第13期8卷 1251-1265页

作者： Sadia Sahi Placide Berté Mohamed Loba Evelyne Marie Hélène Appia Foffié Thiéry Auguste Gnamba Corneil Quand-Meme Ibrahima Sanogo Lassiné Ouattara Laboratoire de Chimie Physique UFR SSMT Université Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny de Cocody Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Centre hospitalier Universitaire (CHU Treichville) de Treichville Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

This work deals with the physicochemical and microbiological characterization of a hospital wastewater that is directly discharged in water bodies without treatment. Our focus was paid on the teaching hospital of Treichville (Cote d’Ivoire). For the purpose, various physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solid, conductivity, nitrate, phosphate, chloride, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand for five days (BOD5), salinity, and total suspended solids have been assessed. For the microbiological investigations, the parameters consisting in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella and total coliforms have been assessed. From the analysis, it has been found that the wastewaters of the teaching hospital of Treichville are highly loaded in organic pollutants and in pathogens bacteria. The values of nitrate, dissolved oxygen demand, COD, BOD5 and biological parameters do not respect the international (WHO) values recommended for the water to be discharged in the environment. The ratio COD/BOD5 has been determined to vary between 1.25 and 2.80. The results showed that the studied wastewater is a domestic type wastewater composed either by mostly biodegradable pollutants or a mixture of biodegradable and non-biodegradable organic pollutants. These wastewaters constitute therefore a risk for the populations since they are discharged in water bodies without any treatment and used by communities.

关键词： Physicochemical Parameter Chemical Oxygen Demand hospital wastewater Pseudomonas aeruginosa Salmonella

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Characterization of Four University hospitals wastewater in Cotonou, Benin

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2021年第4期11卷 402-419页

作者： Ghislain Emmanuel Sopoh Cyriaque Degbey Judicaël Todedji Fidèle Suanon Arouna Yessoufou Justin Somadje Ferdinand Goudjo Jean Wilfried Hounfodji Daouda Mama Regional Institute of Public Health Department of Environmental Health University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin University Clinic of hospital Hygiene National University Hospital Center Hubert Koutoukou Maga Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Applied Hydrology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry and Environment Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Because of the specificity of their care activities, hospital wastewater contains various contaminants such as germs, disinfectants, metals, pharmaceuticals and chemical reagents, potentially infectious or toxic, which can be harmful to living organisms, or create ecological damage. This study aimed to analyze the quality of wastewaters produced by university hospitals of Cotonou in Benin. Methods: We conduct an analytical cross-sectional study including 30 wastewater samples from selected hospitals. An analysis of variance was performed at the significance level of 0.05. Results: Microbiological analysis showed the presence of germs such as total coliform types, faecal coliforms, fecal streptococcus, staphylococcus, yeasts and Clostridium perfringens in hospital wastewater samples. There was a significant difference (p hospitals. With regard to the physicochemical parameters, only the conductivity complied with the standards for the discharge of wastewater into the environment. A significant difference was noted between hospitals, for the electrical conductivity of wastewater (p wastewaters were in line with Benin’s standards. There was no difference between the average concentrations of metals except for copper (p Conclusion: The wastewater produced by the university hospitals of Cotonou is of poor quality and therefore requires adequate prior treatment before discharge into the environment.

关键词： Germs Physicochemical Contaminants hospital wastewater Risks Benin

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