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Numerical Simulation Study on the Effect of Horizontal well Reservoir Stimulation for Gas Hydrate Production

Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第2期96卷 701-712页

作者： LI Xiaoyang TIAN Yingying ZHANG Xin SONG Gang ZHAO Ming LIANG Jinqiang HUANG Wei MENG Fanle Institute of Exploration Techniques China Geological SurveyLangfangHebei 065000China Directional Drilling Technology Innovation Center China Geological SurveyLangfangHebei 065000China Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Geological SurveyGuangzhou 511466China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083China

A new gas hydrate reservoir stimulation method of in-situ fracturing with transient heating is proposed, in line with analysis of the technological bottlenecks faced by marine gas hydrate production. This method injects the developed chemical reagents into a hydrate reservoir through hydraulic fracturing, releasing heat during the chemical reaction to increase the hydrate decomposition rate. The chemical reaction product furthermore has a honeycomb structure to support fractures and increase reservoir permeability. Based on the geological model of natural gas hydrate in the South China Sea, three development methods are simulated to evaluate hydrate production capacity, consisting of Horizontal well, fractured Horizontal well and in-situ fracturing with transient heating well. Compared with the Horizontal well, the simulation results show that the cumulative gas production of the fractured Horizontal well in one year is 7 times that of the Horizontal well, while the cumulative gas production of in-situ fracturing with transient heating well is 12 times that of the Horizontal well, which significantly improves daily efficiency and cumulative gas production. In addition, the variation patterns of hydrate saturation and temperature-pressure fields with production time for the three exploitation plans are presented, it being found that three sensitive parameters of fracture conductivity, fracture half-length and fracture number are positively correlated with hydrate production enhancement. Through the simulations, basic data and theoretical support for the optimization of gas hydrate reservoir stimulation scheme has been provided.

关键词： natural gas hydrate Horizontal well reservoir stimulation transient heating seepage channel hydraulic fracturing production enhancement technology

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Numerical Analysis of Dynamical Effects Associated with a Plugging String in a Horizontal well

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2023年第5期19卷 1203-1214页

作者： Guangsheng Liu Qingming Gan WenWu Haitao Yang Yiming Lv Wenhao Cui Wei Lin Oil and Gas Technology Research Institute Changqing Oilfield Company PetroChinaXi’an710018China National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low Permeability Oil and Gas Fields PetroChina Xi’an710018China Shunan Gas Mine PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field CompanyLuzhou646000China College of Engineering Southwest Petroleum UniversityNanchong637001China

The finite element method has been applied to simulate the dynamics of a water plugging string in a complex Horizontal well of a low-permeability oilfield.The force associated with the pipe string and the packer has been determined under the sucking action of the oil well pump.Such analysis has been conducted for a real drilling well,taking into account the process of lifting,lowering,unblocking and water plugging.Comparison between field measured data and simulation data indicates that the model is reliable and accurate.The packer creep effect under different pressure differences has also been investigated in the framework of the same model.

关键词： Water plugging string Horizontal well creep effect mechanical water plugging

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Fully coupled fluid-solid productivity numerical simulation of multistage fractured Horizontal well in tight oil reservoirs

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2022年第2期49卷 382-393页

作者： ZHANG Dongxu ZHANG Liehui TANG Huiying ZHAO Yulong State Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China

A mathematical model, fully coupling multiple porous media deformation and fluid flow, was established based on the elastic theory of porous media and fluid-solid coupling mechanism in tight oil reservoirs. The finite element method was used to determine the numerical solution and the accuracy of the model was verified. On this basis, the model was used to simulate productivity of multistage fractured Horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs. The results show that during the production of tight oil wells, the reservoir region close to artificial fractures deteriorated in physical properties significantly, e.g. the aperture and conductivity of artificial fractures dropped by 52.12% and 89.02% respectively. The simulations of 3000-day production of a Horizontal well in tight oil reservoir showed that the predicted productivity by the uncoupled model had an error of 38.30% from that by the fully-coupled model. Apparently, ignoring the influence of fluid-solid interaction effect led to serious deviations of the productivity prediction results. The productivity of Horizontal well in tight oil reservoir was most sensitive to the start-up pressure gradient, and second most sensitive to the opening of artificial fractures. Enhancing the initial conductivity of artificial fractures was helpful to improve the productivity of tight oil wells. The influence of conductivity, spacing, number and length of artificial fractures should be considered comprehensively in fracturing design. Increasing the number of artificial fractures unilaterally could not achieve the expected increase in production.

关键词： tight oil porous media fully coupled fluid-solid Horizontal well multi-stage fracturing reservoir numerical simulation productivity prediction

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Synchronous injection-production energy replenishment for a Horizontal well in an ultra-low permeability sandstone reservoir: A case study of Changqing oilfield in Ordos Basin, NW China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2020年第4期47卷 827-835页

作者： WANG Jing LIU Jungang LI Zhaoguo LI Hongchang ZHANG Jiaosheng LI Wenqing ZHANG Yuanli PING Yi YANG Huanying WANG Ping Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi’an 710018China National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil&Gas Fields Xi’an 710018China

It is difficult to build an effective water flooding displacement pressure system in the middle section of a Horizontal well in an ultra-low permeability sandstone reservoir.To solve this problem,this study proposes to use packers,sealing cannula and other tools in the same Horizontal well to inject water in some fractures and produce oil from other fractures.This new energy supplement method forms a segmental synchronous injection-production system in a Horizontal well.The method can reduce the distance between the injection end and the production end,and quickly establish an effective displacement system.Changing the displacement between wells to displacement between Horizontal well sections,and point water flooding to linear uniform water flooding,the method can enhance water sweeping volume and shorten waterflooding response period.The research shows that:(1)In the synchronous injection and production of Horizontal well in an ultra-low-permeability sandstone reservoir,the water injection section should select the section where the natural fractures and artificial fractures are in the same direction or the section with no natural fractures,and the space between two sections should be 60?80 m.(2)In addition to controlling injection pressure,periodic water injection can be taken to reduce the risk of re-opening and growth of natural fractures or formation fracture caused by the gradual increase of water injection pressure with water injection going on.(3)Field tests have verified that this method can effectively improve the output of single well and achieve good economic benefits,so it can be widely used in the development of ultra-low permeability sandstone reservoirs.

关键词： ultra-low permeability reservoir sandstone reservoir Horizontal well staged fracturing synchronous injection-production intersegment displacement development effect

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Improving Existing Drainage and Gas Recovery Technologies: An Experimental Study on the wellbore Flow in a Horizontal well

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2020年第6期16卷 162-175页

作者： Shan Jin Xiaohong Bai Wei Luo Li Li Ruiquan Liao School of Petroleum Engineering Yangtze UniversityWuhan430100China Laboratory of Multiphase Pipe Flow of Gas Lift Innovation Center CNPC(Yangtze University)WuhanChina The Branch of Key Laboratory of CNPC for Oil and Gas Production Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina Oil&Gas Technology Research Institute Changqing Oilfield Branch CompanyPetroChinaXi’anChina

With the increasing number of Horizontal wells with low pressure,low yield,and water production,the phenomenon of water and liquid accumulation in gas wells is becoming progressively more serious.In order to fix these issues,it is necessary to improve existing drainage and gas recovery technologies,increase the fluid carrying capacity of these wells,and ensure that the bottom-hole airflow has enough energy to transport the liquid to the wellhead.Among the many techniques of drainage and gas recovery,the gas lift has recently become a popular method.In the present study,through the simulation of the entire Horizontal well,the flow regularity of the whole wellbore during the lift of low-pressure gas has been analyzed.The pressure distribution,liquid holdup rate,flow pattern,and energy loss(including gravity loss and friction loss)have been determined using the Beggs-brill approach.It has been found that the total pressure drop of the wellbore decreases first and increases gradually after reaching a minimum value when gas extraction is carried out via gas lift.Based on the analysis of the influence of the injection volume on wellbore pressure drop and the influence of flow pattern on the lifting efficiency,the optimal gas-lift injection parameters have been determined by taking the minimum pressure loss of wellbore as the judgment criterion.

关键词： Horizontal well gas-liquid two-phase flow gas lift flow pattern pressure pressure drop

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Dual-porosity model of rate transient analysis for Horizontal well in tight gas reservoirs with consideration of threshold pressure gradient

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第5期30卷 872-881页

作者：曹丽娜李晓平张芨强罗诚谭晓华 China ZhenHua Oil Co. Ltd. Beijing 100031 China State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 China CNOOC Zhanjiang Co. Ltd. Zhanjiang 524057 China Geological Exploration and Development Research Institute of CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Ltd. Chengdu 610056 China

Most researches of the threshold pressure gradient in tight gas reservoirs are experimental and mainly focus on the transient pressure response, without paying much attention to the transient rate decline. This paper establishes a dual-porosity rate transient decline model for the Horizontal well with consideration of the threshold pressure gradient, which represents the non-Darcy flow in a fracture system. The solution is obtained by employing the Laplace transform and the orthogonal transform. The bi-logarithmic type curves of the dimensionless production rate and derivative are plotted by the Stehfest numerical inversion method. Seven different flow regimes are identified and the effects of the influence factors such as the threshold pressure gradient, the elastic storativity ratio, and the cross flow coefficient are discussed. The presented research could interpret the production behavior more accurately and effectively for tight gas reservoirs.

关键词： Rate transient analysis Horizontal well dual-porosity threshold pressure gradient tight gas reservoirs

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Combined stochastic and discrete simulation to optimise the economics of mixed single-horizontal and multilateral well offshore oil developments

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2021年第5期48卷 1183-1197页

作者： ALMEDALLAH Mohammed ALTAHEINI Suleiman Khalid CLARK Stuart WALSH Stuart University of New South Wales Sydney 2052Australia Monash University Victoria 3800Australia

Multilateral wells promise cost savings to oil and fields as they have the potential to reduce overall drilling distances and minimize the number of slots required for the surface facility managing the well.However,drilling a multilateral well does not always increase the flow rate when compared to two single-Horizontal wells due to competition in production inside the mother-bore.Here,a holistic approach is proposed to find the optimum balance between single and multilateral wells in an offshore oil development.In so doing,the integrated approach finds the highest Net Present Value(NPV)configuration of the field considering drilling,subsurface,production and financial analysis.The model employs stochastic perturbation and Markov Chain Monte-Carlo methods to solve the global maximising-NPV problem.In addition,a combination of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming(MILP),an improved Dijkstra algorithm and a Levenberg-Marquardt optimiser is proposed to solve the rate allocation problem.With the outcome from this analysis,the model suggests the optimum development including number of multilateral and single Horizontal wells that would result in the highest NPV.The results demonstrate the potential for modelling to find the optimal use of petroleum facilities and to assist with planning and decision making.

关键词： multilateral well Horizontal well well pattern optimisation drilling cost Net Present Value offshore oil development

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Assessment of the Behaviour of Surface to Borehole EM Telemetry in Horizontal well

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第S01期95卷 76-79页

作者： Olalekan FAYEMI DI Qingyun LIANG Pengfei ZHEN Qihui Omisore B.OREOLUWA CAS Engineering Laboratory for Deep Resources Equipment and Technology Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Geophysics and Information China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100087China

Hydrocarbon exploration has evolved over the years from shallow subsurface to deep subsurface prospecting in both onshore and marine environment.In accordance,technical development has encouraged exploration of unconventional reservoirs and development of deeply buried ones.The deeply buried carbonate reservoir in the Tarim Basin have attracted considerable attention(Lee,1985;Neil,1997;Jin et al.,2009,2015).Such deeply buried reservoirs requires careful and accurate well landing and borehole navigation through multiple regions of HC accumulation and precise well closing process involving accurate selection of positions for screens and so on.

关键词： electromagnetic telemetry Horizontal well water front borehole drilling

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Mechanical property design method of cement sheath in a horizontal shale oil well under fracturing conditions

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2022年第4期49卷 919-928页

作者： SU Donghua HUANG Sheng LI Zaoyuan LI Jin XIAO Dunqing WANG Ziyu LI Juan NI Shuai State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company Tianjin 300280China Foreign Cooperation Projects Department of PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company Tianjin 300280China Oil Production Technology Institute PetroChina Dagang Oilfield CompanyTianjin 300280China NO.2 Cementing Branch of CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Co. Ltd.Tianjin 300280China

Based on the elastoplastic model of cement sheath considering the influence of three-dimensional principal stress and the stress field model of interface crack,a mechanical performance design method of cement sheath is established to meet the wellbore sealing requirements during fracturing.This method takes the failure types of the cement sheath,such as tensile failure,plastic yield,interface crack propagation along interface and zigzag propagation into account.Meanwhile,the elasticity modulus and Poisson's ratio quantitative design charts of cement sheath are constructed based on this method,and the safety and risk areas of wellbores are defined,which quantify the yield strength and tensile strength indexes of cement sheath.The results show that decreasing elasticity modulus,increasing yield strength and Poisson's ratio of cement sheath can avoid plastic deformation of cement sheath;increasing the tensile strength of cement sheath can prevent its tensile failure;increasing elasticity modulus and Poisson's ratio of cement sheath is good for shortening the length of the interface crack,but will increase the risk of interface cracks zigzagging into cement sheath.The model calculation and case verification has proved that the method in this paper can give accurate calculation results and is convenient for field application.

关键词： shale oil Horizontal well fracturing cement sheath mechanical properties wellbore sealing failure type quantitative chart

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well TESTING ANALYSIS FOR Horizontal well WITH CONSIDERATION OF THRESHOLD PRESSURE GRADIENT IN TIGHT GAS RESERVOIRS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2012年第4期24卷 561-568页

作者： GUO Jing-jing ZHANG Su ZHANG Lie-hui QING Hairuo LIU Qi-guo State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500 China Central Sichuan Mining District PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company Suining 629000 China Department of Geology University of Regina Regina SK S4S 0A2 Canada

A fundamental solution for homogeneous reservoir in infinite space is derived by using the point source function with the consideration of the threshold pressure gradient. The fundamental solution of the continuous point source function is then derived based on the Green function. Various boundary conditions of the reservoirs are considered for this case and the corresponding solutions are obtained through the mirror image reflection and the principle of superimposition. The line source solution is obtained by integration. Subsequently, the horizontal-well bottom hole pressure response function for a non-linear gas flow in the homogeneous gas reservoir is obtained, and the response curve of the dimensionless bottom hole pressure and the derivative for a Horizontal well in the homogeneous gas reservoir are obtained. In the end, the sensitivities of the relevant parameters are analyzed, The well test model presented in this paper can be used as the basis of the Horizontal well test analysis for tight gas reservoirs.

关键词： Horizontal well non-linear gas flow threshold pressure gradient tight gas reservoir

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