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Control of highly pathogenic avian influenza through vaccination

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1447-1453页

作者： Xianying Zeng Jianzhong Shi Hualan Chen State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin150069China

The stamping-out strategy has been used to control highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in many countries,driven by the belief that vaccination would not be successful against such viruses and fears that avian influenza virus in vaccinated birds would evolve more rapidly and pose a greater risk to *** this review,we summarize the successes in controlling highly pathogenic avian influenza in China and make suggestions regarding the requirements for vaccine selection and *** addition,we present evidence that vaccination of poultry not only eliminates human infection with avian influenza virus,but also significantly reduces and abolishes some harmful characteristics of avian influenza virus.

关键词： avian influenza control highly pathogenic vaccination

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A direct real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for rapid high-throughput detection of highly pathogenic North American porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China without RNA purification

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第1期6卷 22-28页

作者： Kang Kang Keli Yang Jiasheng Zhong Yongxiang Tian Limin Zhang Jianxin Zhai Li Zhang Changxu Song Christine Yuan Gou Jun Luo Deming Gou College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F University College of Life Sciences Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic EngineeringShenzhen University Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding Institute of Animal Husbandry and VeterinaryHubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenzhen Ao Dong Inspection and Testing Technology Co .Ltd Veterinary Medicine Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Northwestern University

Background： Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus （PRRSV）, and particularly its highly pathogenic genotype （HP-PRRSV）, have caused massive economic losses to the global swine industry. Results： To rapidly identify HP-PRRSV, we developed a direct reaL-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method （dRT-PCR） that could detect the virus from serum specimen without the need of RNA purification Our dRT-PCR assay can be completed in 1.5 h from when a sample is received to obtaining a result. Additionally, the sensitivity of dRT-PCR matched that of conventional reverse transcription PCR （cRT-PCR） that used purified RNA The lowest detection limit of HP-PRRSV was 6.3 TCIDs0 using dRT-PCR. We applied dRT-PCR assay to 144 field samples and the results showed strong consistency with those obtained by cRT-PCR. Moreover, the dRT-PCR method was able to tolerate 5-20% （v/v） serum. Conclusions： Our dRT-PCR assay allows for easier, faster, more cost-effective and higher throughput detection of HP-PRRSV compared with cRT-PCR methods. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to describe a real-time RT-PCR assay capable of detecting PRRSV in crude serum samples without the requirement for purifying RNA. We believe our approach has a great potential for application to other RNA viruses.

关键词： highly pathogenic Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Real-time RT-PCR

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Combined insertion of basic and non-basic amino acids at hemagglutinin cleavage site of highly pathogenic H7N9 virus promotes replication and pathogenicity in chickens and mice

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第1期37卷 38-47页

作者： Aobaixue Zhou Jiahao Zhang Huanan Li Qiang Xu Yiqun Chen Bo Li Wanying Liu Guanming Su Xingxing Ren Guangjie Lao Baozheng Luo Ming Liao Wenbao Qi College of Veterinary Medicine South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China National Avian Infiuenza Para-reference Laboratory South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Guangzhou510642China Gongbei Customs Technology Center Zhuhai519000China National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control Guangzhou510642China Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Ministry of AgricultureGuangzhou510642China Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development Ministry of AgricultureGuangzhou510642China Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province Guangzhou510642China

Since mid-2016,the low pathogenic H7N9 influenza virus has evolved into a highly pathogenic(HP)phenotype in China,raising many concerns about public health and poultry *** insertion of a“KRTA”motif at hemagglutinin cleavage site(HACS)occurred in the early stage of HP H7N9 *** the co-circulation,the HACS of HP-H7N9 variants were more polymorphic in birds and *** HP-H7N9 variants,unlike the H5 subtype virus,exhibited the insertions of basic and non-basic amino acids,the underlying function of those insertions and substitutions remains *** results of bioinformatics analysis indicated that the PEVPKRKRTAR/G motif of HACS had become the dominant motif in ***,we generated six H7N9 viruses bearing the PEIPKGR/G,PEVPKGR/G,PEVPKRKRTAR/G,PEVPKGKRTAR/G,PEVPKGKRIAR/G,and PEVPKRKRR/G ***,after the deletion of threonine and alanine(TA)at HACS,the H7N9 viruses manifested decreased thermostability and virulence in mice,and the PEVPKRKRTAR/G-motif virus is prevalent in birds and humans probably due to its increased transmissibility and moderate *** contrast,the insertion of non-basic amino acid isoleucine and alanine(IA)decreased the transmissibility in chickens and virulence in ***,the I335V substitution of H7N9 virus enhanced infectivity and transmission in chickens,suggesting that the combination of mutations and insertions of amino acids at the HACS promoted replication and pathogenicity in chickens and *** ongoing evolution of H7N9 increasingly threatens public health and poultry industry,so,its comprehensive surveillance and prevention of H7N9 viruses should be pursued.

关键词： H7N9 highly pathogenic Cleavage site Basic and non-basic amino acids pathogenicity

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