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Stability analysis of loose accumulation slopes under rainfall:case study of a high‑speed railway in Southwest China

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railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 95-106页

作者： Xin Wang Qian Su Zongyu Zhang Feihu Huang Chenfang He School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Key Laboratory of high‑speed railway Engineering Ministry of Education School of Civil EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China CCCC Second highway Consultants Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430056China

The high and steep slopes along a high-speed railway in the mountainous area of Southwest China are mostly composed of loose accumulations of debris with large internal pores and poor stability,which can easily induce adverse geological disasters under rainfall conditions.To ensure the smooth construction of the high-speed railway and the subsequent safe operation,it is necessary to master the stability evolution process of the loose accumulation slope under rainfall.This article simulates rainfall using the finite element analysis software’s hydromechanical coupling module.The slope stability under various rainfall situations is calculated and analysed based on the strength reduction method.To validate the simulation results,a field monitoring system is established to study the deformation characteristics of the slope under rainfall.The results show that rainfall duration is the key factor affecting slope stability.Given a constant amount of rainfall,the stability of the slope decreases with increasing duration of rainfall.Moreover,when the amount and duration of rainfall are constant,continuous rainfall has a greater impact on slope stability than intermittent rainfall.The setting of the field retaining structures has a significant role in improving slope stability.The field monitoring data show that the slope is in the initial deformation stage and has good stability,which verifies the rationality of the numerical simulation method.The research results can provide some references for understanding the influence of rainfall on the stability of loose accumulation slopes along high-speed railways and establishing a monitoring system.

关键词： high-speed railway Loose accumulation slope Slope stability analysis Rainfall effect Strength reduction

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Influence of span-to-depth ratio on dynamic response of vehicle-turnoutbridge system in high-speed railway

High-Speed Railway

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high-speed railway 2024年第1期2卷 30-41页

作者： Chuanqing Dai Tao Xin Shenlu Qiao Yanan Zhang Pengsong Wang Mahantesh M.Nadakatti School of Civil Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China China railway Engineering Design and Consulting Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100070China Karnatak Law Society’s Gogte Institute of Technology Belagavi 590006India

For high-speed railways,the smoothness of the railway line significantly affects the operational speed of trains.When the train passes through the turnout on a long-span bridge,the wheel-rail impacts caused by the turnout structure irregularities,and the instability arising from the bridge's flexural deformation lead to a strong coupling effect in the vehicle-turnout-bridge system.This significantly affects both ride comfort and operational safety.For addressing this issue,the present study considered a long-span continuous rigid-frame bridge as an example and established a train-turnout-bridge coupled dynamic model of high-speed railway.Utilizing a selfdeveloped dynamic simulation program,the study analysed the dynamic response characteristics when the train passes through the turnouts on the bridge.It also investigated the influence of different span-to-depth ratios of the bridge on the vehicle dynamic response when the train passes through the main line and branch line of turnouts and then proposed a span-to-depth ratio limit value for a long-span continuous rigid-frame bridge.The research findings suggest that the changes in the span-to-depth ratio have a relatively minor impact on the train’s operational performance but significantly affect the dynamic characteristics of the bridge structure.Based on the findings and a comprehensive assessment of safety indicators,it is advisable to establish a span-to-depth ratio limit of 1/4500 for a long-span continuous rigid-frame bridge.

关键词： Turnout on bridge Span-to-depth ratio Dynamic response Vehicle-turnout-bridge system high-speed railway

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Reflection on methodology of the correlation between electromagnetic interference and safety in high-speed railway

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railway Sciences 2024年第1期3卷 84-96页

作者： Chang Liu Shiwu Yang Yixuan Yang Hefei Cao Shanghe Liu Department of Electromagnetic Environmental Effects Technology Studio CRSC Research and Design Institute Group Co.Ltd.BeijingChina School of Traffic and Transportation Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuangChina School of Automation and Intelligence Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijingChina Infrastructure Technology Research Institute CRSC Research and Design Institute Group Co.Ltd.BeijingChina Research Center for Electromagnetic Environmental Effects Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuangChina

Purpose – In the continuous development of high-speed railways, ensuring the safety of the operation controlsystem is crucial. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) faults in signaling equipment may cause transportationinterruptions, delays and even threaten the safety of train operations. Exploring the impact of disturbances onsignaling equipment and establishing evaluation methods for the correlation between EMI and safety isurgently needed.Design/methodology/approach – This paper elaborates on the necessity and significance of studying theimpact of EMI as an unavoidable and widespread risk factor in the external environment of high-speed railwayoperations and continuous development. The current status of research methods and achievements from theperspectives of standard systems, reliability analysis and safety assessment are examined layer by layer.Additionally, it provides prospects for innovative ideas for exploring the quantitative correlation between EMIand signaling safety.Findings – Despite certain innovative achievements in both domestic and international standard systems andrelated research for ensuring and evaluating railway signaling safety, there’s a lack of quantitative and strategic research on the degradation of safety performance in signaling equipment due to EMI. A quantitativecorrelation between EMI and safety has yet to be established. On this basis, this paper proposes considerationsfor research methods pertaining to the correlation between EMI and safety.Originality/value – This paper overviews a series of methods and outcomes derived from domestic andinternational studies regarding railway signaling safety, encompassing standard systems, reliability analysisand safety assessment. Recognizing the necessity for quantitatively describing and predicting the impact ofEMI on high-speed railway signaling safety, an innovative approach using risk assessment techniques as abridge to establish the correlation between EMI and signaling safety is proposed.

关键词： Electromagnetic interference Reliability Safety Risk assessment Signaling system high-speed railway

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A review of artificial intelligence applications in high-speed railway systems

High-Speed Railway

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high-speed railway 2024年第1期2卷 11-16页

作者： Xuehan Li Minghao Zhu Boyang Zhang Xiaoxuan Wang Zha Liu Liang Han School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China School of Economics and Management Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Business School of Hunan University Changsha 410082China

In recent years,the global surge of high-speed railway(HSR)revolutionized ground transportation,providing secure,comfortable,and punctual services.The next-gen HSR,fueled by emerging services like video surveillance,emergency communication,and real-time scheduling,demands advanced capabilities in real-time perception,automated driving,and digitized services,which accelerate the integration and application of Artificial Intelligence(AI)in the HSR system.This paper first provides a brief overview of AI,covering its origin,evolution,and breakthrough applications.A comprehensive review is then given regarding the most advanced AI technologies and applications in three macro application domains of the HSR system:mechanical manufacturing and electrical control,communication and signal control,and transportation management.The literature is categorized and compared across nine application directions labeled as intelligent manufacturing of trains and key components,forecast of railroad maintenance,optimization of energy consumption in railroads and trains,communication security,communication dependability,channel modeling and estimation,passenger scheduling,traffic flow forecasting,high-speed railway smart platform.Finally,challenges associated with the application of AI are discussed,offering insights for future research directions.

关键词： high-speed railway Artificial intelligence Intelligent distribution Intelligent control Intelligent scheduling

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high-speed railway track components inspection framework based on YOLOv8 with high-performance model deployment

High-Speed Railway

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high-speed railway 2024年第1期2卷 42-50页

作者： Youzhi Tang Yu Qian Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbia 29208USA

railway inspection poses significant challenges due to the extensive use of various components in vast railway networks,especially in the case of high-speed railways.These networks demand high maintenance but offer only limited inspection windows.In response,this study focuses on developing a high-performance rail inspection system tailored for high-speed railways and railroads with constrained inspection timeframes.This system leverages the latest artificial intelligence advancements,incorporating YOLOv8 for detection.Our research introduces an efficient model inference pipeline based on a producer-consumer model,effectively utilizing parallel processing and concurrent computing to enhance performance.The deployment of this pipeline,implemented using C++,TensorRT,float16 quantization,and oneTBB,represents a significant departure from traditional sequential processing methods.The results are remarkable,showcasing a substantial increase in processing speed:from 38.93 Frames Per Second(FPS)to 281.06 FPS on a desktop system equipped with an Nvidia RTX A6000 GPU and from 19.50 FPS to 200.26 FPS on the Nvidia Jetson AGX Orin edge computing platform.This proposed framework has the potential to meet the real-time inspection requirements of high-speed railways.

关键词： high-speed railway Track inspection Computer vision Deep learning Edge computing Real-time decision making

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Risk assessment of high-speed railway CTC system based on improved game theory and cloud model

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railway Sciences 2024年第3期3卷 388-410页

作者： Yanhao Sun Tao Zhang Shuxin Ding Zhiming Yuan Shengliang Yang Signal and Communication Research Institute China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation LimitedBeijingChina Traffic Management Laboratory for high-speed railway National Engineering Research Center of System Technology for High-Speed Railway and Urban Rail TransitBeijingChina Signal and Telecommunication Department China Railway Chengdu Group Company LimitedChengduChina Postgraduate Department China Academy of Railway SciencesBeijingChina

Purpose-In order to solve the problem of inaccurate calculation of index weights,subjectivity and uncertainty of index assessment in the risk assessment process,this study aims to propose a scientific and reasonable centralized traffic control(CTC)system risk assessment method.Design/methodologylapproach-First,system-theoretic process analysis(STPA)is used to conduct risk analysis on the CTC system and constructs risk assessment indexes based on this analysis.Then,to enhance the accuracy of weight calculation,the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process(FAHP),fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory(FDEMATEL)and entropy weight method are employed to calculate the subjective weight,relative weight and objective weight of each index.These three types of weights are combined using game theory to obtain the combined weight for each index.To reduce subjectivity and uncertainty in the assessment process,the backward cloud generator method is utilized to obtain the numerical character(NC)of the cloud model for each index.The NCs of the indexes are then weighted to derive the comprehensive cloud for risk assessment of the CTC system.This cloud model is used to obtain the CTC system's comprehensive risk assessment.The model's similarity measurement method gauges the likeness between the comprehensive risk assessment cloud and the risk standard cloud.Finally,this process yields the risk assessment results for the CTC system.Findings-The cloud model can handle the subjectivity and fuzziness in the risk assessment process well.The cloud model-based risk assessment method was applied to the CTC system risk assessment of a railway group and achieved good results.Originality/value-This study provides a cloud model-based method for risk assessment of CTC systems,which accurately calculates the weight of risk indexes and uses cloud models to reduce uncertainty and subjectivity in the assessment,achieving effective risk assessment of CTC systems.It can provide a reference and theoretical basis for risk management of the CTC

关键词： high-speed railway Centralized traffic control Risk assessment Game theory Cloud model Paper type Research paper

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Transformer-Based Macroscopic Regulation for high-speed railway Timetable Rescheduling

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第9期10卷 1822-1833页

作者： Wei Xu Chen Zhao Jie Cheng Yin Wang Yiqing Tang Tao Zhang Zhiming Yuan Yisheng Lv Fei-Yue Wang Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China Signal&Communication Research Institute China Academy Railway SciencesBeijing 100081China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China IEEE State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Macao Institute of Systems Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

Unexpected delays in train operations can cause a cascade of negative consequences in a high-speed railway system.In such cases,train timetables need to be rescheduled.However,timely and efficient train timetable rescheduling is still a challenging problem due to its modeling difficulties and low optimization efficiency.This paper presents a Transformer-based macroscopic regulation approach which consists of two stages including Transformer-based modeling and policy-based decisionmaking.Firstly,the relationship between various train schedules and operations is described by creating a macroscopic model with the Transformer,providing the better understanding of overall operation in the high-speed railway system.Then,a policy-based approach is used to solve a continuous decision problem after macro-modeling for fast convergence.Extensive experiments on various delay scenarios are conducted.The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison to other popular methods.

关键词： high-speed railway reinforcement learning train timetable rescheduling Transformer

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Image-Aided Analysis of Ballast Particle Movement Along a high-speed railway

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Engineering 2023年第8期27卷 161-177页

作者： Xuecheng Bian Wenqing Cai Zheng Luo Chuang Zhao Yunmin Chen Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering Ministry of EducationDepartment of Civil EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Center for Hypergravity Experimental and Interdisciplinary Research Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

As a core infrastructure of high-speed railways,ballast layers constituted by graded crushed stones feature noteworthy particle movement compared with normal railways,which may cause excessive settlement and have detrimental effects on train operation.However,the movement behavior remains ambiguous due to a lack of effective measurement approaches and analytical methods.In this study,an image-aided technique was developed in a full-scale model test using digital cameras and a colorbased identification approach.A total of 1274 surface ballast particles were manually dyed by discernible colors to serve as tracers in the test.The movements of the surface ballast particles were tracked using the varied pixels displaying tracers in the photos that were intermittently taken during the test in the perpendicular direction.The movement behavior of ballast particles under different combinations of train speeds and axle loads was quantitatively evaluated.The obtained results indicated that the surface ballast particle movements were slight,mainly concentrated near sleepers under low-speed train loads and greatly amplified and extended to the whole surface when the train speed reached 360 km.h-1.Additionally,the development of ballast particle displacement statistically resembled its rotation.Track vibration contributed to the movements of ballast particles,which specifically were driven by vertical acceleration near the track center and horizontal acceleration at the track edge.Furthermore,the development trends of ballast particle movements and track settlement under long-term train loading were similar,and both stabilized at nearly the same time.The track performance,including the vibration characteristics,accumulated settlement,and sleeper support stiffness,was determined to be closely related to the direction and distribution of ballast particle flow,which partly deteriorated under high-speed train loads.

关键词： high-speed railway Full-scale model test Image-aided technique Ballast particle movement Track vibration Accumulated settlement

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Seismic safety assessment of trains running on high-speed railway bridges with chloride-induced corroding piers

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第2期66卷 320-335页

作者： GUO Wei WANG Yang LIU HanYun YANG Na LIU Ming CAI YuJun ZHANG ZhuanZhuan National Engineering Research Center of high-speed railway Construction Technology Central South UniversityChangsha 410018China School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410018China School of Civil Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410015China School of Civil Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China China railway Design Co. Ltd.Changsha 300300China China railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co. Ltd.Xi’an 710043China China railway Ten Bureaus Group Co. Ltd.Jinan 250101China

For the lifetime assessment of the running safety of a train in aggressive environments and earthquake-prone areas,the effects of corrosion on seismic performance must be considered.Research on the running safety of trains,including corrosion damage,is limited,despite the fact that seismic safety assessment of trains on high-speed railway bridges has been extensively examined.In this work,the running safety of a train was evaluated using a time-varying corroded bridge finite-element model established in OpenSees.Two pier types were considered,and three ground-motion types were selected for performing seismic performance evaluations.Subsequently,the seismic response of the corroded bridge-track structure under an earthquake was analyzed.The spectrum intensity was used as the structural response index for the running safety assessment of trains under earthquakes,and the long-term safety of trains on bridges with different pier heights and earthquake types,considering different corroding deterioration,was evaluated.The results indicate that under low-level earthquakes,piers are primarily in a linear elastic state and least influenced by corrosion;whereas under high-level earthquakes,the running safety of trains on a bridge significantly deteriorates after corrosion,particularly for high-pier bridges,mainly because the corroded piers are more likely to yield lower post-yield stiffness.The results of this study suggest that in the seismic safety assessment of trains on corroded bridges,timevarying seismic performance characteristics should be considered.

关键词： high-speed railway train running safety earthquake chloride-induced corroding time-varying performance

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Experimental Study on Improvement Effects of Completely Weathered Phyllite Using Red Clay and Cement for high-speed railway Embankments

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第5期10卷 1287-1305页

作者： Xiushao Zhao Jianglong Rao Qijing Yang Yu Rong Zhitao Fu Zhiyao Wang Zixi Chen Engineering Research&Development Centre for Underground Technology of Jiangxi Province East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchangChina Arcadis Australia Pacific Pty Ltd. SydneyAustralia School of Qilu Transportation Shandong UniversityJinanChina

Completely weathered phyllite(CWP)has the characteristics of difficult compaction,low shear strength after compaction and large settlement after construction.The traditional improvement method using a single agent of red clay or cement for CWP satisfies the subgrade requirements for ordinary railway,but cannot meet the requirements of immediate strength and long-term post-construction settlement of high-speed railway at the same time.A series of experimental investigations were undertaken for the blended CWP soils,with three additives used.The first additive was red clay,the second was cement and the third was a combination of both red clay and cement at various portions.Results of consolidation test and shear strength test carried out for the treated CWP soils show that:1)The effect of cement on improving the compression modulus of CWP is much better than that of red clay;2)The settlement of an embankment of 10 m high formed by blended soil of CWP with 3%cement can be controlled within 15 mm,while the settlement will be 25.15 mm for the same embankment of blended soil of CWP with 40%red clay;3)The shear strength and ultimate bearing capacity of CWP improved by red clay are much better than those of 5%cement;4)The ultimate bearing capacity of CWP improved by 40%red clay is 3.42 times of that by 3%cement and 2.95 times by 5%cement.Furthermore,the bearing capacity of CWP when improved by red clay can meet railway subgrade requirements immediately after compaction,while cement improved CWP needs a curing time of 1 day or longer.This is an impediment to rapid construction process.The improvement mechanism of red clay is mainly filling effect and grading improvement effect,while the improvement mechanism of cement is mainly hardening reaction,which produces high strength material to cement.It is found that 40%red clay and 3%cement treated CWP,which is considered to be optimum,can meet the subgrade requirements of both immediate bearing capacity and long-term post-construction settlement for the high-speed railway.

关键词： Completely weathered phyllite(CWP) red clay cement content immediate strength post-construction settlement high-speed railway

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