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Elastic three-dimensional phononic topological insulators with Dirac hierarchy

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 54-62页

作者： Shao-Yong Huo Qiu-Shuang Yang Jiu-Jiu Chen Hong-Kang Li Long-Chao Yao Fu-Chun He Chun-Ming Fu College of Mechanical Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body College of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Three-dimensional(3D)phononic topological insulators(TIs)featuring two-dimensional(2D)surface states and one-dimensional(1D)hinge states have opened up a new route for multi-dimensional robust wave transport,providing unprecedented methods for integrated acoustic sensors and energy harvesting devices.However,aiming at the elastic 3D phononic TI with gapless surface states and hinge states,the realization of elastic 3D phononic TIs with gapless surface states and hinge states is a significant challenge due to the complicated multi-mode polarization of elastic waves in 3D structures.In this study,we demonstrate an elastic 3D phononic TI with a Dirac hierarchy by elaborately operating the corresponding spatial symmetries of the chiral honeycomb lattice.First,a 3D double Dirac cone of elastic wave can be achieved by doubling the lattice along the outof-plane direction to fold two iso-frequency Weyl points.The topological phase transitions and 2D gapless two-fold Dirac surface states of elastic wave are realized by breaking the half-lattice spatial translation symmetry.Subsequently,based on the Brillouin zone folding along the in-plane direction,the 2D gapless two-fold surface Dirac cones are folded into four-fold surface Dirac cones.Finally,by inducing the relative radius of adjacent holes to break the in-plane spatial inversion symmetry,the fourfold surface Dirac cones are gapped and associated with a surface state inversion,in which the gapless 1D hinge Dirac dispersion is achieved.This research offers a route for engineering the hierarchies of TIs in 3D elastic wave systems and provides new possibilities for designing 3D ultrasonic devices with unconventional functions.

关键词： Dirac topological hierarchy

PINK1 is involved in determining the cellular autophagic hierarchy

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1087-1088页

作者： Zhuchen Zhou Zhong Chen Yanrong Zheng Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 311402China

The protein PINK1 plays a crucial role in the regulation of the cellular autophagic hierarchy.Autophagy,a highly conserved biological process,serves as a mechanism for the degradation of intracellular components by lysosomes.Autophagosomes play a pivotal role in this process by selectively sequestering specific targets,including damaged organelles,protein aggregates,and pathogens.

关键词： PINK1 determining hierarchy

Integrating Levels of Hierarchical Organization in Porous Organic Molecular Materials

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 134-153页

作者： Jesus Ferrando‑Soria Antonio Fernandez Instituto de Ciencia Molecular(ICMol) Universidad de Valencia46980 ValenciaSpain School of Science Loughborough UniversityLoughborough LE113TUUK

Porous organic molecular materials(POMMs)are an emergent class of molecular-based materials characterized by the formation of extended porous frameworks,mainly held by non-covalent interactions.POMMs represent a variety of chemical families,such as hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks,porous organic salts,porous organic cages,C-H···πmicroporous crystals,supramolecular organic frameworks,π-organic frameworks,halogen-bonded organic framework,and intrinsically porous molecular materials.In some porous materials such as zeolites and metal organic frameworks,the integration of multiscale has been adopted to build materials with multifunctionality and optimized properties.Therefore,considering the significant role of hierarchy in porous materials and the growing importance of POMMs in the realm of synthetic porous materials,we consider it appropriate to dedicate for the first time a critical review covering both topics.Herein,we will provide a summary of literature examples showcasing hierarchical POMMs,with a focus on their main synthetic approaches,applications,and the advantages brought forth by introducing hierarchy.

关键词： Porous organic molecular materials hierarchy Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks Porous cages Fullerene

The Religious Influence on Morphology of Sinhalese Language

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Cultural and Religious Studies 2024年第4期12卷 237-245页

作者： Morakandegoda Ariyawansa University of Ruhuna MataraSri Lanka

Sinhalese language(one of the national languages spoken in Sri Lanka)and culture have a long and continuous history,ingrained traditions,and highly differentiated social norms.The Sinhalese Buddhist community of Sri Lanka is broadly categorized into two groups,secular/layman(ɡṛhasthə>ɡihi)and mendicant/clergy(prəvrajitə>pævidi).According to this situation,the Sinhalese language depicts very significant usages among Indo-Aryan languages.Buddhism is the main factor for this differentiation.This paper mainly focused on the religious terms and their usages in Sinhalese.These terms show the hierarchical structure of the common Sri Lankan society,especially among layman and clergy.Some characteristic features which have been taken into account in this research paper are as follows:(1)Layman and clergy usages of Sinhalese(Separate set of nouns and verbs which are used to represent the clergy and secular in Sinhalese);(2)The hierarchical structure of usages of imperative forms in the context of religious and secular(superior,equal,and inferior);(3)Formal-Power base vs.Informal-Solidarity relationship;(4)Usage of different morphemes with the same meaning(semantically same usages are identified here with the different morphemes).As a result of the usages of religious and secular forms in Sinhalese the different morphological realizations with similar semantic values can be identified.The collection of relevant data from modern Sinhalese usages and text books and the analysis of them are used as the research methodology of this paper.

关键词： Buddhist hierarchy layman mendicant Sinhalese

High activity and stability in Ni_(2)P/(Co,Ni)OOH heterointerface with a multiple-hierarchy structure for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 6552-6559页

作者： LiLi Zhang Zongpeng Wang Jitang Zhang Zhiping Lin Qinghua Zhang Wenwu Zhong Guangfeng Wu College of Material Science and Engineering Changchun University of TechnologyChangchun 130051China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cutting Tools Taizhou UniversityJiaojiang 318000China Institution of Physics Chinese Academic of ScienceBeijing 100190China

The fabrication of heterointerface materials with hierarchical morphologies more than two levels is a challenging yet promising approach to achieve optimal electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Here,using a facile two-step method,we are able to prepare the Ni_(2)P/(Co,Ni)OOH heterointerface with a three-level hierarchy morphology.The multiple levels of hierarchy structures not only offer considerable area for active sites loading,but also facilitate the substance transportation,both beneficial for HER.Meanwhile,the strong charge transfer at the Ni_(2)P/(Co,Ni)OOH heterointerface eliminates the spin asymmetry and achieves the thermos-neutral adsorption of active H species.Moreover,the resulted Coulomb attraction stacks the two materials firmly,facilitating the stability.Density functional theory(DFT)and in-situ Raman measurements reveal the sufficient Ni atoms acting as the active sites.With these merits,the Ni_(2)P/(Co,Ni)OOH exhibits much better HER activity than the separate Ni_(2)P or(Co,Ni)OOH,affording a current density of 100 mA/cm^(2)at an overpotential of 169 mV and a Tafel slope of 41 mV/dec,when tested in alkaline electrolyte.This work provides inspiration for optimizing the intrinsic HER activity utilizing multiple-level hierarchy structures.

关键词： hydrogen evolution reaction Ni_(2)P/(Co,Ni)OOH heterointerface hierarchy

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认知地图及其内在机制

心理学

Predictors of dominance rank and agonistic interactions in captive Livingstone's fruit bats

心理学 2024年第2期

作者：吴文雅王亮

空间导航对于人和动物的生存而言都十分重要，有效的空间表征或认知地图是空间导航的基础。认知地图的典型属性包括选择性、灵活性以及层级性，海马、场景选择区域以及前额叶等多个脑区都参与认知地图的构建。认知地图的表征形式存在欧... 详细信息

空间导航对于人和动物的生存而言都十分重要，有效的空间表征或认知地图是空间导航的基础。认知地图的典型属性包括选择性、灵活性以及层级性，海马、场景选择区域以及前额叶等多个脑区都参与认知地图的构建。认知地图的表征形式存在欧式地图和拓扑图两种理论，但各自单独都不能全面解释实际导航中的行为表现，因此有研究者提出了标签图等理论试图调和二者间的矛盾。未来研究还需要关注在认知地图构建过程中层级性的变化，空间范畴的扩展，以及认知地图假说的局限。

关键词：认知地图欧式地图拓扑图层级性空间表征 cognitive map Euclidean map topological graph hierarchy spatial representation

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Current Zoology 2023年第6期69卷 694-702页

作者： Sarah Richdon Eluned Price Dominic Wormell Gareth Jones Grainne McCabe School of Biological Sciences University of Bristol24 Tyndall AvenueBristolBS81TQUK Bristol Zoological Society CliftonBristoiBS83HAUK Jersey Zoo La Profonde RueJerseyJE35BPUK

Male dominance hierarchies have been studied in many animals but rarely in bats(Chiroptera).The dominance rank of social animals may dictate access to resources and mates;therefore,it has important implications for an individual's fitness and is crucial for successful captive man-agement.Between January and December 2018,at both Bristoi Zoo Gardens(Bristol,UK)and Jersey Zoo(Jersey,British Isles),we observed 19 male Livingstone's fruit bats Pteropus livingstonii using focal follows for 345 h overall,noting the outcome of all agonistic interactions.We recorded instigators of interactions,along with winners and losers,and analyzed these data using the R-package"EloRating"to create Elo-rating temporal plots of dominance ranks.We used generalized linear mixed models and multiple linear regression to analyze interaction data and test hypotheses regarding predictors of dominance rank,frequency of agonistic interaction,and choice of interaction partner.Age was positively correlated with dominance rank up to around year 9,when an asymptote was attained.Highly ranked bats instigated the most agonistic interac-tions,and largely directed these interactions at bats with much lower rankings than themselves.Hierarchies were extremely stable throughout the data collection period at both sites.We conclude that Livingstone's fruit bats have a stable linear dominance hierarchy,with high-ranking,typ-ically older males instigating the most interactions with lowest ranking males to secure dominance rank.This study adds to the limited discourse on Pteropus social behaviors,indicating that some bat species may have social systems similar in complexity to some nonhuman primates.

关键词： bats Chiroptera captive Elo-rating social hierarchy

hierarchy of knowledge in GIS

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2008年第S1期51卷 6-12页

作者： CHEN ZiTan ESRI,380 New York St.,Redlands,CA 92373,USA School of Geographical Science,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097,China ESRI Redlands USA School of Geographical Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing China

An intelligent geographic information system (GIS) has to handle various types and huge volumes of geoscience-related knowledge as well as enormous amounts of data and information. More recent attention concentrates on collection,represen-tation,management,and usage of knowledge. This article presents a three-tier hi-erarchy for geoscience knowledge in a GIS. The first tier is for knowledge of data. It includes knowledge of feature objects definition,data structure,data model,and relations among data as well as rules,restrictions,and regulations about data. The second tier is for knowledge of processing. It describes analysis models,data processing procedures,workflows,and conditions. The third tier contains knowl-edge of a GIS for the public sector. This tier provides knowledge to people on how to access this GIS and what the GIS can do. The three-tier hierarchy of knowledge in a GIS provides an understandable and practical category frame to handle geo-science knowledge. One of the advantages of this hierarchy is that it separates system resource consumption into different stages so it can avoid exhausting the system at peak times when the GIS handles a complex,large task.

关键词： GIS knowledge engineering knowledge hierarchy knowledge management

p53 balances between tissue hierarchy and anarchy

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第7期11卷 553-563页

作者： Gabriela Koifman Ronit Aloni-Grinstein Varda Rotter Department of Molecular Cell Biology the Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Israel Institute for Biological ResearchNess ZionaIsrael

Normal tissues are organized in a hierarchical model,whereas at the apex of these hierarchies reside stem cells (SCs) capable of self-renewal and of producing differentiated cellular progenies,leading to normal development and homeostasis.Alike,tumors are organized in a hierarchical manner,with cancer SCs residing at the apex,contributing to the development and nourishment of tumors .p53,the well-known 'guardian ofthe genome',possesses various roles in embryonic development as well as in adult SC life and serves as the ‘guardian of tissue hierarchy’.Moreover,p53 serves as a barrier for dedifferentiation and reprogramming by constraining the cells to a somatic state and preventing their conversion to SCs.On the contrary,the mutant forms of p53 that lost theirtumor suppressor activity and gain oncogenic functions serve as 'inducers oftissue anarchy' and promote cancer development.In this review,we discuss these two sides ofthe p53 token that sentence a tissue either to an ordered hierarchy and life or to anarchy and death.A better understanding of these processes may open new horizons for the development of new cancer therapies.

关键词： p53 stem cell gain of function cancer stem cells adult stem cells embryonic development tissue hierarchy