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Effect of ammonium sulfate on the formation of zinc sulfide species on hemimorphite surface and its role in sulfidation flotation

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第11期30卷 2147-2156页

作者： Xi Zhang Yu Wang Jiushuai Deng Zhongyi Bai Hongxiang Xu Qingfeng Meng Da Jin Zhenwu Sun Key Laboratory of Separation and Processing of Symbiotic-Associated Mineral Resources in Non-ferrous Metal Industry School of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringChina University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Inner Mongolia Research Institute China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Ordos 017001China State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming 650093China Engineering Technology Research Centre for Comprehensive Utilization of Rare Earth Rare Metal and Rare-Scattered in Non-ferrous Metal IndustryChina University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Effectively strengthening the surface sulfidation is essential for recovering hemimorphite by froth *** this work,inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES)measurements,Visual MINTEQ calculation,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis,time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(ToF-SIMS)analysis,and micro-flotation experiments were explored to systematically investigate the effect of ammonium sulfate((NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4))on the formation of zinc sulfide species on hemimorphite surface and its role in sulfidation *** results showed that(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)exhibited a positive influence on hemimorphite sulfidation *** was ascribed to the number of zinc components in the form of Zn^(2+)and[Zn(NH_(3))_(i)]^(2+)(i=1–4)increased in the flotation system after hemimorphite treatment with(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),which was beneficial to its interaction with sulfur species in solution,resulting in a dense and stable zinc sulfide layer generated on the hemimorphite surface.[Zn(NH_(3))_(i)]^(2+)participated in the sulfidation reaction of hemimorphite as a transition *** addition the sulfidation reaction of hemimorphite was accelerated by(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4).Thus,(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)presents a vital role in promoting the sulfidation of hemimorphite.

关键词： hemimorphite sulfidation ammonium sulfate zinc sulfide species adsorption flotation

Improved hemimorphite flotation using xanthate as a collector with S(Ⅱ) and Pb(Ⅱ) activation

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第8期25卷 849-860页

作者： Kai Jia Qi-ming Feng Guo-fan Zhang Qing Shi Yuan-jia Luo Chang-bin Li School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

The flotation of hemimorphite using the S(Ⅱ)–Pb(Ⅱ)–xanthate process,which includes sulfidization with sodium sulfide,activation by lead cations,and subsequent flotation with xanthate,was *** flotation results indicated that hemimorphite floats when the S(Ⅱ)–Pb(Ⅱ)–xanthate process is used; a maximum recovery of approximately 90% was ***-potential,contact-angle,scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive spectrometry(SEM–EDS),and diffuse-reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS) measurements were used to characterize the activation products on the hemimorphite surface and their subsequent interaction with sodium butyl xanthate(SBX).The results showed that a Zn S coating formed on the hemimorphite surface after the sample was conditioned in an Na2 S ***,the formation of a Zn S coating on the hemimorphite surface did not improve hemimorphite *** the subsequent addition of lead cations,Pb S species formed on the mineral *** formation of the Pb S species on the surface of hemimorphite significantly increased the adsorption capacity of SBX,forming lead xanthate(referred to as chemical adsorption) and leading to a substantial improvement in hemimorphite *** results indicate that the addition of lead cations is a critical step in the successful flotation of hemimorphite using the sulfidization–lead ion activation–xanthate process.

关键词： hemimorphite sulfidization lead ion activation xanthate zeta potential DRIFTS

A review of major non-sulfide zinc deposits in Iran

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第1期9卷 249-272页

作者： Sajjad Maghfouri Mohammad Reza Hosseinzadeh Abdorrahman Rajabi Flavien Choulet Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of Tabriz Department of Earth Sciences University of Birjand Chrono-Environnement Université de Franche-Comté/CNRS

The numerous non-sulfide zinc ore deposits were the historical basis for the development of zinc mining in *** include the Mehdiabad,Irankouh and Angouran world-class deposits,as well as the Zarigan and Haft-har *** deposits were formed by supergene oxidation of primary sulfide minerals during the complex interplay of tectonic uplift,karst development,changes in the level of the water table,and ***(Pb)carbonates,Zn-hydrosilicates and associated hydrated phases directly replace the primary ore bodies or fill cavities along fractures related to uplift *** replacement of primary sulfides is accompanied by distal precipitation of zinc non-sulfide minerals in cavities or internal sediments *** mineralogy of the non-sulfide mineralization in all six deposits is generally complex and consists of smithsonite,hydrozincite,and hemimorphite as the main economic minerals,accompanied by iron and manganese oxy-hydroxides and residual ***,non-sulfide minerals in these deposits consist of two types of ore:red zinc ore(RZO),rich in Zn,Fe,Pb-(As)and white zinc ore(WZO),typically with very high zinc grades but low concentrations of iron and *** minerals of the RZO are Fe-oxyhydroxides,goethite,hematite,hemimorphite,smithsonite and/or hydrozincite and *** minerals of the WZO are smithsonite or hydrozincite and only minor amounts of Fe-oxyhydroxides and hemimorphite.

关键词： Zinc-lead deposits Supergene Non-sulfide Zn minerals hemimorphite Smithsonite Hydrozincite