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Changes of Urban Boundary Layer Thermodynamic Stability Induced by heat island effect and Their Influences on Precipitation

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2011年第10期2卷 39-43,49页

作者： WANG Jian-peng1,SUN Ji-song2,WANG Shi-gong3,ZHANG Hong1,QU Jing1,MENG Xiao-rong1,JING Li-na1 Xi’an Meteorological Bureau,Xi’an 710016,China

[Objective] The aim was to study the characteristics of the changes of the urban boundary layer thermodynamic stability induced by heat island effect and their influences on precipitation.[Method] Proceeding from the thermodynamic equation,the changes of urban boundary layer thermodynamic stability caused by the urban heat disturbance and the mean state of heat island effect were *** influence of the changes of urban boundary layer thermodynamic stability on the precipitation was *** with case study of precipitation in Xi’an,the test was verified.[Result] Under interaction between the disturbed temperature and disturbed airflow,the boundary thermal disturbed stability(θ’z) was positive in the urban zone,as well as in the upstream and downstream areas of the *** the stability in the urban zone was weaker than the suburbs,which favored for the short-time convective *** the boundary layer mean thermal stability(θ-0-0z) under the interaction between the mean airflow and mean environmental temperature,if the city zone was in the front of the warm ridge,the stability in the upstream of the city weakened which increased the instability of the boundary layer,while it increased in the downstream of the *** was contrary if the city zone was in the font of the cold *** the mean airflow(prevailing wind) and the mean horizontal disturbed temperature,if it was upward motion in the boundary layer,the boundary layer mean thermal disturbed stability(θ’-0z) was negative in the downstream and positive in the *** precipitation occured in the upstream of the *** was contrary if it was descending air in the boundary layer.[Conclusion] The above results served some references for the fine city forecast.

关键词： heat-island effect Boundary layer Stability Precipitation China

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The effect of urbanization and exposure to multiple environmental factors on life-history traits and breeding success of Barn Swallows(Hirundo rustica)across China

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Avian Research 2022年第3期13卷 301-310页

作者： Yanyan Zhao Emilio Pagani-Nú~nez Yu Liu Xiaoying Xing Zhiqiang Zhang Guangji Pan Luting Song Xiang Li Zhuoya Zhou Yanqiu Chen Donglai Li Yang Liu Rebecca J.Safran State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of EcologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510006China Institute of Eco-Environmental Research Guangxi Academy of SciencesNanning530007China Department of Health and Environmental Sciences Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou215028China Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100091China College of Wildlife and Protected Area Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin150006China Institute of Wildlife Conservation Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha410004China College of Life Science Liaoning UniversityShenyang110036China Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of ColoradoBoulderUSA

In addition to landscape changes,urbanization also brings about changes in environmental factors that can affect *** the common referral in the published literature to multiple environmental factors such as light and noise pollution,there is a gap in knowledge about their combined *** developed a multidimensional environmental framework to assess the effect of urbanization and multiple environmental factors(light,noise,and temperature)on life-history traits and breeding success of Barn Swallows(Hirundo rustica)across rural to urban gradients in four locations spanning over 2500 km from North to South *** a single breeding season,we measured these environmental factors nearby nests and quantified landscape urbanization over a 1km~*** then analysed the relationships between these multiple environmental factors through a principal component analysis and conducted spatially explicit linear-mixed effects models to assess their effect on lifehistory traits and breeding *** were particularly interested in understanding whether and how Barn Swallows were able to adapt to such environmental conditions associated with *** results show that there is significant variation in the exposure to environmental conditions experienced by Barn Swallows breeding across urbanization gradients in *** changes and their effects are complex due to the behavioural responses ameliorating potential negative effects by selecting nesting sites that minimize exposure to environmental ***,significant relationships between landscape urbanization,exposure to environmental factors,and life-history traits such as laying date and clutch size were ***,the impact on breeding success was,at least in our sample,negligible,suggesting that Barn Swallows are extremely adaptable to a wide range of environmental features.

关键词： Fitness heat-island effect Latitude Light pollution Noise pollution Parental investment

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