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A comprehensive review of heart rate variability as an indicator in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system by acupuncture:a bibliometric analysis

Integrative Medicine Discovery

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Integrative Medicine Discovery 2024年第14期8卷 1-14页

作者： Yi-Feng Shen Kun Zhu Jun-Long Zhu Xiao-Peng Huang De-Gui Chang Yao-Dong You Dong-Dong Yang TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610075China Clinical Medicine School Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610075China Department of Neurology Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610075China.

This study sought to conduct a bibliometric analysis of acupuncture studies focusing on heart rate variability(HRV)and to investigate the correlation between various acupoints and their effects on HRV by utilizing association rule mining and network analysis.A total of 536 publications on the topic of acupuncture studies based on HRV.The disease keyword analysis revealed that HRV-related acupuncture studies were mainly related to pain,inflammation,emotional disorders,gastrointestinal function,and hypertension.A separate analysis was conducted on acupuncture prescriptions,and Neiguan(PC6)and Zusanli(ST36)were the most frequently used acupoints.The core acupoints for HRV regulation were identified as PC6,ST36,Shenmen(HT7),Hegu(LI4),Sanyinjiao(SP6),Jianshi(PC5),Taichong(LR3),Quchi(LI11),Guanyuan(CV4),Baihui(GV20),and Taixi(KI3).Additionally,the research encompassed 46 reports on acupuncture animal experiments conducted on HRV,with ST36 being the most frequently utilized acupoint.The research presented in this study offers valuable insights into the global research trend and hotspots in acupuncture-based HRV studies,as well as identifying frequently used combinations of acupoints.The findings may be helpful for further research in this field and provide valuable information about the potential use of acupuncture for improving HRV in both humans and animals.

关键词： heart rate variability acupuncture autonomous nerves system bibliometric analysis data mining

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heart rate variability from Underwater Spiroergometry:How Meaningful?

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第2期5卷 116-122页

作者： Andreas Koch Fabian Möller Elena Jacobi Thomas Muth Clark Pepper Uwe Hoffmann Jochen D.Schipke German Naval Medical Institute Maritime MedicineKronshagenGermany Department of Exercise Physiology Institute of Exercise Training and Sport InformaticsGerman Sport University CologneCologneGermany Institute of Occupational Social and Environmental MedicineHeinrich-Heine-UniversityDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neurology Johanna Etienne HospitalNeussGermany Forschungsgruppe Experimentelle Chirurgie Universitäts-Klinikum DüsseldorfMoorenstrasse 540225 DüsseldorfGermany

Cardiovascular fitness of divers is overwhelmingly performed using bicycle ergometry.A more sport-specific alternative presents fit2dive,an underwater spiroergometry system.Purpose of this exploratory study:using fit2dive to investigate the diagnostic value of measures of heart rate variability(HRV)after markedly increasing physical load.Ten scuba divers employed the fit2dive system and increased fin-swimming speed until exhaustion.Breathing gas consumption(VE)and heart rate(HR)were measured.A three-lead ECG was recorded to analyze for time and frequency domain HRV-measures.VE increased from 16.5±6.5 to 68.3±26.6 L/min.HR increased from 96±13 beats/min(mean±SD)at rest to 170±14 beats/min before exhaustion.Global variability(SDNN:132±42 vs.54±17 ms)decreased along with two measures of parasympathetic activity(RMSSD:59±31 vs.24±16 ms;pNN50:22%±12%vs.3%±3%).Measures from the frequency domain decreased[low frequency(LF):3167±2651 vs.778±705 ms_(2)]or remained unaltered[high frequency(HF):885±652 vs.431±463 ms^(2)].Thus,LF/HF decreased from 4.3±2.3 to 2.5±1.4.The sports-specific fit2dive can help assessing diving fitness by employing HRV measures.However,this study supports the view that these measures much depend on HR.Thus,HRV measures regarding altered autonomic control during exercise will lead to serious misinterpretation:as HR increases,variability decreases.

关键词： Scuba diving Physical fitness heart rate heart rate variability Autonomic nervous system

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Altered heart rate variability and pulse-wave velocity after spinal cord injury

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第27期10卷 9680-9692页

作者： Hsi-Kai Tsou Kuan-Chung Shih Yueh-Chiang Lin Yi-Ming Li Hsiao-Yu Chen Functional Neurosurgery Division Neurological InstituteTaichung Veterans General HospitalTaichung 404Taiwan Department of Rehabilitation Jen-Teh Junior College of MedicineNursing and ManagementMiaoli County 356Taiwan College of Health National Taichung University of Science and TechnologyTaichung 403Taiwan College of Medicine National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 402Taiwan Research Assistant The Rong Sing Medical FoundationTaichung 404Taiwan Research Assistant Neurological InstituteTaichung Veterans General HospitalTaichung 404Taiwan Research Assistant Department of NursingNational Taichung University of Science and TechnologyTaichung 403Taiwan Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology National Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyTaipei 106Taiwan Department of Nursing National Taichung University of Science and TechnologyTaichung 403Taiwan

BACKGROUND heart rate variability(HRV) and pulse-wave velocity(PWV),indicators of cardiac function,are altered in patients with spinal cord injury(SCI),suggesting that autonomic cardiac function and arterial stiffness may underlie the high risk of cardiovascular complications in these patients.No study has simultaneously investigated HRV and PWV in the same patients.AIM To evaluate cardiovascular complications in SCI patients by comparing HRV and PWV between patients with and without SCI.METHODS In this cross-sectional pilot study,patients with(n = 60) and without SCI(n = 60) were recruited from December 7,2019 to January 21,2020.Each participant received a five-minute assessment of HRV and the cardiovascular system using the Medicore HRV Analyzer SA-3000 P.Differences in HRV and PWV parameters between participants with and without SCI were statistically examined.RESULTS We observed a significant difference between participants with and without SCI with respect to the standard deviation of all normal-to-normal intervals,square root of the mean sum of squared successive risk ratio interval differences,physical stress index,total power,very-low frequency,low frequency,high frequency,and arterial elasticity.CONCLUSION Patients with SCI have weaker sympathetic and parasympathetic activity as well as lower arterial elasticity compared to those without,suggesting that SCI may increase cardiac function loading.

关键词： Acceleration plethysmography Cardiac function heart rate variability Pulse wave velocity Spinal cord injury

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Post-exercise heart rate variability recovery after 800-m endurance run load among Cameroonian adolescent's males

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第4期5卷 283-289页

作者： Jerson Mekoulou Ndongo Elysee Claude Bika Lele Wiliam Richard Guessogo Wiliam Mbang Mbian Clarisse Noel Ayina Ayina Jessica Guyot Christian Ngongang Ouankou Abdou Temfemo Loick Pradel Kojom Foko Ernest Tchoudjin Louis-Georges Gassina Bienvenu Bongue Frederic Roche Samuel Honore Mandengue Peguy Brice Assomo-Ndemba Physical Activities and Sport Physiology&Medicine Unit Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DoualaCameroon Faculty of Sciences University of DoualaCameroon National Institute of Youth and Sports Yaounde University of Yaounde ICameroon Mines Saint-Etienne INSERMU1059 Sainbiose42023Universit Jean Monnet Saint-EtienneFrancee Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of DschangCameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of DoualaCameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Science University of Yaounde ICameroon

The 800-m(m)run is part of Physical Education classes in Cameroon,after which arrhythmias may occur during recovery.Hence,this study aimed at determining relationship between 800-m run loads on cardiac autonomic recovery among school adolescents.Forty-two male adolescents(aged[17-1]years)performed 800-m.Post-exercise heart rate variability(HRV)was recorded during 5-min(min)(HRV5-min)and 15-min(HRV15-min)in time:Standard deviation of normal to normal(SDNN);Root mean square of successive differences(RMSSD)and frequency domain(LH:Low frequency,HF:High frequency,TP:Total power).Rating of Perceived Exertion(RPE)and blood lactate concentration(BLa)were measured after exercise.In HRV5-min,RPE was associated with SDNN(r=-0.44,p<0.01)and RMSSD(r=-0.38,p<0.05).BLa was correlated with SDNN(r=-0.38,p<0.05)and RMSSD(r=-0.56,p<0.001)in the time-domain,LF(r=-0.64,p<0.001),HF(r=-0.58,p<0.001)and TP(r=-0.61,p<0.001)in frequencydomain.Moreover,RPE was correlated with LF(r=-0.44,p<0.01),TP(r=-0.49,p<0.01)while exercise duration with HF(r=-0.38,p<0.05).In HRV15-min,BLa was correlated with RMSSD(r=-0.53,p<0.001)and SDNN(r=-0.68,p<0.001).RPE was negatively correlated SDNN(r=-0.53,p<0.01)and RMSSD(r=-0.44,p<0.01).BLa was associated with HF(r=-0.55,p<0.001),TP(r=-0.50,p<0.01)and RPE with LF(r=-0.51,p<0.01),HF(r=-0.50,p<0.01),TP(r=-0.49,p<0.01).In addition,exercise duration was negatively linked to HF(r=-0.36,p<0.05).This study outlined that in untrained adolescents an increase of 800-m loads is associated with a slow vagal indexes of HRV during the recovery.

关键词： heart rate variability Recovery 800-m load Adolescents Physical education classes

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heart rate variability in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke at Different Stages of Renal Dysfunction： A Cross-sectional Observational Study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第6期130卷 652-658页

作者： Lin Wei Wen-Bo Zhao Huan-Wen Ye Yan-Hua Chen Xiao-Pei Zhang Yan Huang Ye-Feng Cai Quan-Fu Chen Su-Yue Pan Department of Neurology Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong 510515 China Department of Neurology Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong 510120 China Department of Nephrology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou Guangdong 510632 China Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong 510120 China Intensive Care Unit Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong 510120 China

Background： Renal function is associated with mortality and functional disabilities in stroke patients, and impaired autonomic function is common in stroke, but little is known regarding its effects on stroke patients with renal dysfunction. This study sought to evaluate the association between autonomic function and stroke in patients with renal dysfunction. Methods： This study comprised 232 patients with acute ischemic stroke consecutively enrolled from February 2013 to November 2014 at Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine in China. All patients recruited underwent laboratory evaluation and 24 h Holter electrocardiography （ECG）. Autonomic function was measured based on the heart rate variability （HRV） using 24 h Holter ECG. Renal damage was assessed through the estimated glomerular filtration rate （eGFR）, and stroke severity was rated according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS）. The Barthel index and modifed Rankin score were also determined following admission. All the clinical covariates that could potentially affect autonomic outcome variables were adjusted with linear regression. Results： In the patients with a mild or moderate decreased eGFR, the values for the standard deviation of the averaged normal-to-normal RR interval （SDANN） index （P = 0.022L very low frequency （VLF）（P = 0.043）, low frequency （LF）（P= 0.023）, and ratio of low-to-high frequency power （LF/HF）（P = 0.001 ） were significantly lower than those in the patients with a normal eGFR. A lnultinomial linear regression indicated that eGFR （t - 2.47, P - 0.014）, gender （t - -3.60, P 〈0.001）, and a history of hypertension （t = -2.65, P = 0.008） were the risk factors of LF/HF; the NIHSS score （SDANN index： t = -3.83, P 〈 0.001 ; VLF： t = -3.07, P = 0.002： LF： t = -2.79, P = 0.006） and a history of diabetes （SDANN index： t = -3.58, P 〈 0.001; VLF： t = -2.54, P = 0.012; LF： t = -2.87, P = 0.004） were independent factors Ibr the SDANN index, VLF, and LF; the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project （t = -2.38, P = 0.0

关键词： Autonomic Function heart rate variability Renal Dysfunction Stroke

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heart rate variability as an Indicator of Stress in Students’ Athletes

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Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2023年第3期12卷 141-149页

作者： Simone Sancinelli Sports Science Physiology Department San Raffaele University Rome Italy

Introduction: The wellbeing of student’s athletes has a paramount importance, a prolonged period of cognitive and physical performance that characterizes the life of student’s athletes often leads to fatigue, and a psychobiological state that increases the risk of injury and accidents. The use of heart rate variability (HRV) has become increasingly popular as a non-invasive methodology that provides an indirect insight into the autonomic nervous system. HRV can be utilized as a diagnostic tool in detection of autonomic nervous system impairment and sympatho-vagal imbalance. HRV technology is employed to monitor the internal response of athletes to workload and identify athletes’s psychophysical stress to predict and therefore prevent injuries. Objective: The objective of the investigation is to establish whether the use of Polar H10 sensor heart rate monitors worn by athletes in a sitting position (inclination 60 degrees) during periods characterized by stress can provide a valid and non-invasive method to assess the psychophysiological state during sports competition and school exams. Method and Statistics: In the study, the HRV of 12 basketball students athletes and 4 students non-athletes was analyzed as a control group. The autonomic nervous system activity was assessed based on heart variability parameters (HRV): SDNN, rMSSD, LF, HF, and LF/HF. The measurements were made after establishing the baseline at rest, during the training phase (CT), competition phase (CC) and during the acute phase of stressors due to school exams coinciding with the competitive season (CC + E). Results: Compared to the respective values prior to the stress of the competitions and exams, a significant decrease in HRV indices was found: SDNN (P Conclusions: The analysis and examination of the data on the sample of the student population also showed a statistically significant correlation between decreased cardiac variability and injuries or indisposition to physical exertion.

关键词： heart rate variability Level of Arousal Stress in Students Athletes

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The association of salivary alpha-amylase, heart rate variability, and psychological stress on objectively measured sleep behaviors among college students

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Frontiers of Nursing 2022年第1期9卷 63-70页

作者： Minhee Suh Department of Nursing Inha UniversityMichuhol-GuIncheon 22212Republic of Korea

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate sleep behaviors among college students,to assess salivary alpha-amylase(sAA)and heart rate variability(HRV)in association with stress,and to investigate sleep-related factors including sAA,HRV,and stress among them.Methods:Saliva samples for sAA assessment and HRV measurements in the supine position were taken between 3 PM and 6 PM.The level of prolonged psychological stress for the previous week was evaluated using the Korean version of the Global Assessment of Recent Stress(GARS-K),and sleep behaviors were assessed using an actigraphy device.Results:A total of 86 healthy college students participated in this study.Sleep behaviors of the college students were not good,with 84%sleep efficiency(SE)and 62.7 min wake after sleep onset(WASO).The average sAA level was 65.8 U/mL in the participants.Although neither the sAA level nor HRV indices were significantly correlated with prolonged psychological stress,decreased normalized high frequency(nHF)on HRV was independently associated with a higher level of stress when adjusted for age and sex.Higher stress(r=-0.276,P=0.011)and lower sAA(r=0.266,P=0.030)had significant correlations with shorter time in bed;however,it was sAA that was independently associated with time in bed(β=0.244,p=0.044).Decreased nHF(β=0.245,P=0.027)and higher body mass index(BMI)(β=-0.224,P=0.043)were independently related to and poorer SE.Conclusions:Poor sleep behaviors were associated with decreased parasympathetic activity,a physiological change to psychological stress,rather than with psychological stress itself among college students.Thus,sAA and HRV should be considered as significant factors for impaired sleep behaviors in relation to psychological stress.

关键词： alpha-amylase psychological stress Autonomic nervous system heart rate variability sleep

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Relationship between Ambient Fine Particles and Ventricular Repolarization Changes and heart rate variability of Elderly People with heart Disease in Beijing, China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第8期26卷 629-637页

作者： XU Mei Mei JIA Yu Ping LI Guo Xing LIU Li Qun MO Yun Zheng JIN Xiao Bin PAN Xiao Chuan Department of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Public Health Peking University Institute of Environmental Health Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention Institute of Epidemiology German Research Center for Environmental Health

Objective To explore the effects of particulate matters less than 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter （PM2.5） on heart repolarization/depolarization and heart rate variability （HRV）. Methods We conducted a panel study for elderly subjects with heart disease in Beijing from 2007 to 2008. PM2.5 was measured at a fixed station for 20 h continuously each day while electrocardiogram （ECG） indexes of 42 subjects were also recorded repeatedly. Meteorological data was obtained from the China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System. A mixed linear regression model was used to estimate the associations between PMz.s and the ECG indexes. The model was adjusted for age, body mass index, sex, day of the week and meteorology. Results Significant adverse effects of PM2.5 on ECG indexes reflecting HRV were observed statistically and the strongest effect of PM2.s on HRV was on lag i day in our study. However, there were no associations between PM2.5 and ECG indexes reflecting heart repolarization/depolarization. Additionally, the effects of PM2.5 on subjects with hypertension were larger than on the subjects without hypertension. Conclusion This study showed ambient PM2.5could affect cardiac autonomic function of the elderly people with heart disease, and subjects with hypertension appeared to be more susceptive to the autonomic dysfunction induced by PM2.5.

关键词： PM2.5 Repolarization heart rate variability Elderly Panel study

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Relationships betveen pain intensity and heart rate variability in patients after abdominal surgery： a pilot study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第11期125卷 1964-1969页

作者： CHANG Ling-hua MA Tso-chiang TSAY Shiow-luan JONG Gwo-ping Department of Nursing Landseed Hospital Taoyuan and College of Nursing National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences Taipei Taiwan China Department of Health Service Management China Medical University Taichung Taiwan China College of Nursing National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences Taipei Taiwan China Division of Internal Cardiology Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital and Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taichung 41168 Taiwan China

Background A link between postoperative pain intensity and heart rate variability （HRV） had not been well established. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between post-operative pain intensity and HRV. Methods The subjects in this cross-sectional correlation study comprised of patients who had undergone abdominal surgery in a regional teaching hospital in central Taiwan during the period July 2009-November 2009. The visual analogue scale （VAS） and the short-form McGill pain questionnaire （SF-MPQ） were used to measure post-operative pain. HRV was measured as the standard deviation of normal RR interval, and by power spectral analysis that included high frequency （HF）, low frequency （LF）, very low frequency power, and LF/HF ratio. Results A total of 34 subjects were included in this study. We found that the day after the surgery, the mean VAS score was 47.50±20.98 and the mean SF-MPQ score was 18.06±8.90, indicating a moderate degree of pain. Moderate to severe degrees of tenderness were reported by 70.6% of the patients, moderate to severe degrees of gnawing pain were experienced by 67.7% of the patients, moderate to severe degrees of tiring-exhaustion pain were reported by 64.7% of the patients, and 41.2% of the patients who experienced moderate to severe pain believed that the pain was punishing-cruel. The standard deviation of normal RR interval and high frequency values obtained from male patients or married patients were higher than female patients or unmarried （P 〈0.05）. The correlation of the standard deviation of normal RR interval, high frequency, very low frequency value and patient＇s age were negative （P 〈0.05）. The total SF-MPQ pain scores positively correlated with the LF/HF ratio （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions The multidimensional pain assessment tool （SF-MPQ） reflects better the patients＇ post-operative pain than the single-dimensional assessment tool （VAS）. HRV positively correlated with SF-MPQ scores in patients after abdominal surgery.

关键词： heart rate variability postoperative pain abdominal surgery short-form McGill pain questionnaire

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High-Tech Acupuncture for Prevention of Lifestyle Diseases--A Sino-Austrian Cooperation Research Protocol on heart rate variability

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第6期24卷 423-428页

作者： LIANG Feng-xia CHEN Ze-bin WU Song LIU Jian-min WANG Jing-zhi LU Ji-dong WANG Lu-shan CHEN Li SHU Qing Daniela Litscher WANG Lu WANG Hua Gerhard Litscher College of Acupuncture and Orthopaedics Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430061 China Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Preventive Treatment by Acupuncture & Moxibustion Wuhan 430061 China Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center Graz Research Unit for Complementary and Integrative Laser Medicine Research Unit of Biomedical Engineering in Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Medical University of Graz Graz 8036 Austria

Background： Acupuncture can not only be used for well-known diseases, but also for so-called modern lifestyle-related diseases. Using innovative methods like e.g. new analyses of heart rate variability （HRV）, it is also possible to investigate diseases like burnout syndrome, ie., qi deficiency in Chinese medicine （CM）. Objective： The main object of this research protocol is to perform research on the relationship of burnout syndrome and heart rate （HR） and HRV. Methods： A total of 175 patients with burnout syndrome （qi deficiency syndrome） in five groups and 35 healthy volunteers will be investigated. Based on random numbers generated by computer and concealed in opaque envelops, the patients will be assigned to four acupuncture groups using Zusanli （ST 36） acupuncture stimulation, Guanyuan （CV4） acupuncture stimulation, both points, and both points with Streitberger device respectively, and a moxibustion group using both points mentioned above, with 35 cases in each group. Altogether four different experiments are planned. Experiment 1 includes 70 subjects and is a comparison between a burnout group and a control group （healthy volunteers）. The evaluation parameters are different scores and indices of HR and HRV. Experiment 2 includes 140 subjects and compares the efficacy of different acupuncture points. In experiment 3 （105 subjects）, acupuncture and moxibustion should be compared to healthy volunteers. Experiment 4 （70 subjects） investigates the long-term therapeutic effects of acupuncture and moxibustion on the scores of qi deficiency and HR/HRV in qi deficiency patients. In both the acupuncture and moxibustion groups, a total of 10 treatments will be performed. Conclusions： The joint research aims at the scientific evaluation of CM, mainly in the field of HRV. This parameter could be a very good indicator of the state of health and can be influenced by different acupuncture methods, as shown in the past.

关键词： heart rate variability burnout syndrome qi deficiency acupuncture moxibustion

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