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Vented Individual Patient(VIP)Hoods for the Control of Infectious Airborne Diseases in healthcare Facilities

Engineering 2022年第8期8卷 126-132页

作者： J.Patel F.McGain T.Bhatelia S.Wang B.Sun J.Monty V.Pareek CSIRO Energy MelbourneVIC 3169Australia Western Health MelbourneVIC 3021Australia School of Public Health The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Centre for Integrated Critical Care The University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia The Western Australian School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityPerthWA 6102Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia

By providing a means of separating the airborne emissions of patients from the air breathed by healthcare workers(HCWs),vented individual patient(VIP)hoods,a form of local exhaust ventilation(LEV),offer a new approach to reduce hospital-acquired infection(HAI).Results from recent studies have demonstrated that,for typical patient-emitted aerosols,VIP hoods provide protection at least equivalent to that of an N95 mask.Unlike a mask,hood performance can be easily monitored and HCWs can be alerted to failure by alarms.The appropriate use of these relatively simple devices could both reduce the reliance on personal protective equipment(PPE)for infection control and provide a low-cost and energy-efficient form of protection for hospitals and clinics.Although the development and deployment of VIP hoods has been accelerated by the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,these devices are currently an immature technology.In this review,we describe the state of the art of VIP hoods and identify aspects in need of further development,both in terms of device design and the protocols associated with their use.The broader concept of individual patient hoods has the potential to be expanded beyond ventilation to the provision of clean conditions for individual patients and personalized control over other environmental factors such as temperature and humidity.

关键词： COVID-19 Vented individual patient hood Airborne transmission healthcare worker Infectious disease

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Perceived infection transmission routes, infection control practices, psychosocial changes, and management of COVID-19 infected healthcare workers in a tertiary acute care hospital in Wuhan: a cross-sectional survey

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Military Medical Research 2020年第4期7卷 418-429页

作者： Ying-Hui Jin Qiao Huang Yun-Yun Wang Xian-Tao Zeng Li-Sha Luo Zhen-Yu Pan Yu-Feng Yuan Zhi-Min Chen Zhen-Shun Cheng Xing Huang Na Wang Bing-Hui Li Hao Zi Ming-Juan Zhao Lin-Lu Ma Tong Deng Ying Wang Xing-Huan Wang Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University169 Donghu RoadWuchang DistrictWuhan 430071HubeiChina Department of Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology The Second Clinical CollegeWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071HubeiChina Division of Medical Affairs Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071HubeiChina Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071HubeiChina Division of Social and Medical Development Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071HubeiChina Department of Respiratory Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071HubeiChina School of Nursing and Health Henan UniversityKaifeng 475000HenanChina Institute of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation Henan UniversityKaifeng 475000HenanChina Department of Infectious Diseases Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071HubeiChina Leishenshan Hospital in Wuhan Wuhan 430200HubeiChina

Background:Many healthcare workers were infected by coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)early in the epidemic posing a big challenge for epidemic control.Hence,this study aims to explore perceived infection routes,influencing factors,psychosocial changes,and management procedures for COVID-19 infected healthcare workers.Methods:This is a cross-sectional,single hospital-based study.We recruited all 105 confirmed COVID-19 healthcare workers in the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from February 15 to 29,2020.All participants completed a validated questionnaire.Electronic consent was obtained from all participants.Perceived causes of infection,infection prevention,control knowledge and behaviour,psychological changes,symptoms and treatment were measured.Results:Finally,103 professional staff with COVID-19 finished the questionnaire and was included(response rate:98.1%).Of them,87 cases(84.5%)thought they were infected in working environment in hospital,one(1.0%)thought their infection was due to the laboratory environment,and 5(4.9%)thought they were infected in daily life or community environment.Swab of throat collection and physical examination were the procedures perceived as most likely causing their infection by nurses and doctors respectively.Forty-three(41.8%)thought their infection was related to protective equipment,utilization of common equipment(masks and gloves).The top three first symptoms displayed before diagnosis were fever(41.8%),lethargy(33.0%)and muscle aches(30.1%).After diagnosis,88.3%staff experienced psychological stress or emotional changes during their isolation period,only 11.7%had almost no emotional changes.Arbidol(Umifenovir;an anti-influza drug;69.2%)was the drug most commonly used to target infection in mild and moderate symptoms.Conclusion:The main perceived mode of transmission was not maintaining protection when working at a close distance and having intimate contact with infected cases.Positive psychological intervention is necessary.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2,2019-nCoV healthcare worker healthcare professional Infection transmission route Psychosocial status

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Occupational risk of exposure to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)and the quality of infection hygiene in nursing homes

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第3期15卷 111-121页

作者： Pil Uthaug Rasmussen Katrine Uhrbrand Mette Damkjaer Bartels Helle Neustrup Dorina Gabriela Karottki Ute Biiltmann Anne Mette Madsen National Research Centre for the Working Environment Lerso Parkalle 1052100 Copenhagen 0Denmark Department of Clinical Microbiology Hvidovre HospitalKettegdrd Alle 302650 HvidovreDenmark The Danish Working Environment Authority Landskronagade 332100 CopenhagenDenmark University Medical Center Groningen Department of Health SciencesCommunity&Occupational MedicineUniversity of Groningen9700 GroningenThe Netherlands

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)is an increasing health concern across the globe and is often prevalent at long-term care facilities,such as nursing homes.However,we know little of whether nursing home staff is exposed to MRSA via air and surfaces.We investigated whether staff members at nursing homes are colonised with and exposed to culturable MRSA,and assessed staff members'self-reported knowledge of MRSA and compliance with infection hygiene guidelines.Five nursing homes with MRSA positive residents were visited in Copenhagen,Denmark.Personal bioaerosol exposure samples and environmental samples from surfaces,sedimented dust and bioaerosols were examined for MRSA and methicillin-suscqjtible S.aureus(MSSA)to determine occupational exposure.Swabs were taken from staffs*nose,throat,and hands to determine whether they were colonised with MRSA.An online questionnaire about MRSA and infection control was distributed.No staff members were colonised with MRSA,but MRSA was detected in the rooms of the colonised residents in two out of the five nursing homes.MRSA was observed in air(n=4 out of 42,ranging from 2.9-1.9 CFU/m^(3)),sedimented dust(n=1 out of 58,1.1 ×10^(3) CFU/m^(2)/d),and on surfaces(n=9 out of 113,0.04-70.8 CFU/m^(2)).The questionnaire revealed that half of the staff members worry about spreading MRSA to others.Identified aspects for improvement were improved availability and use of protective equipment,not transferring cleaning supplies(e.g.,vacuum cleaners)between residents'rooms and to reduce worry of MRSA,e.g.,through education.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance Airborne MRSA Bioaerosols healthcare-associated infections healthcare worker Occupational health

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Knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 among healthcare workers at District 2 Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020年第6期13卷 260-265页

作者： Huynh Giao Nguyen Thi Ngoc Han Tran Van Khanh Vo Kim Ngan Vo Van Tam Pham Le An Faculty of Public Health University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam Department of Infectious Diseases University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam Department of Scientific Research District 2 HospitalHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Department of Nursing District 2 HospitalHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Faculty of Nursing and Medical Technology University of Medicine Pham Ngoc Thach at Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam Center for the Training of Family Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam

Objective:To assess the knowledge and attitude toward coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19)among healthcare workers at District 2 Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City(HCMC).Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed between January 2020 and February 2020 at District 2 Hospital.A systematic random sampling strategy was carried out and the data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire of the knowledge and attitude of healthcare workers regarding COVID-19.Descriptive analysis was reported to describe the demographic,mean knowledge and attitude score of healthcare workers.Inferential statistics including t-test,ANOVA and Spearman’s correlation were used to evaluate the relationship between study variables.Results:A total of 327 eligible healthcare workers had a mean score of knowledge and attitude of 8.17±1.3(range 4-10)and 1.86±0.43(range 1-5),respectively.They showed good knowledge and a positive attitude.However,approximately two thirds of the participants knew the mode of transmission,the isolation period and treatment(67.0%,65.8%,and 58.4%,respectively),and 82.3%and 79.8%,respectively,held positive attitude regarding the risk of personal and family members getting illness.There was a negative correlation between knowledge scores and attitude scores(r=-0.21,Phealthcare workerspredominately used social media to inform themselves about COVID-19(91.1%).Conclusions:The majority of healthcare workers had good knowledge and positive attitude toward COVID-19.However,the level of some knowledge and attitude lower than that expected for their position level towards the virus.Additional education interventions and campaigns are required for healthcare workers.

关键词： Knowledge Attitude COVID-19 healthcare worker District 2 Hospital

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Adverse effects of personal protection equipment among health workers during COVID-19

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Life Research 2022年第2期5卷 51-52页

作者： Bibek Raj Parajuli Jyotishna Dev College of Medical Sciences BharatpurChitwanNepal University of Science and Technology Bangladesh

Personal Protective Equipment(PPE)has become a protective measure for healthcare workers during COVID times.healthcare workers are front liners to fight against COVID pandemics.healthcare workers developed many adverse effects while working using PPE.Dermatological,ocular,psychological were some of the common adverse effects reported by the healthcare workers.Preventive measures help to reduce them to some extent.The use of PPE and related pros and cons are well-established,with the benefits outweighing minor adverse events also associated with it.

关键词： protective equipment covid healthcare worker doctors depression

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An Assessment of healthcare workers Knowledge about COVID-19

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2020年第3期10卷 220-234页

作者： Hadi J. Al Sulayyim Mohammed Chyad Al-Noaemi Saleh M. Rajab Hassan A. Daghriri Salem M. Al Yami Ali S. Al-Rashah Hussain M. Alsharyah Saleh H. Al Murdif Misfer H. Al Salom Najran Health Affairs Ministry of Health Najran KSA Al-Ghad International College of Applied Medical Sciences Najran KSA

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a viral infection and considered the third coronavirus emerging among human beings over the past two decades. healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of acquiring this serious infection during providing care to patients. Therefore, it’s crucial to assess the knowledge of the HCWs about COVID-19. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted on HCWs working at public hospitals and Primary healthcare (PHC) centers in the Najran region, KSA to evaluate the staff’s knowledge toward COVID-19. The questionnaire consisted of two parts, the first part included the demographic data, and the second part involved questions related to the COVID-19. Results: 451 HCWs participated in this study and the median of overall knowledge score was 67%. Most HCWs properly identified symptoms (82.9%), mode of transmission (78.5%), the incubation period (96.4%), the way of preventing the infection (91.5%), the COVID-19 is not same as MERS-CoV (74.3%) and availability of a vaccine against the COVID-19 (82%). However, HCWs were less likely to identify the source of COVID-19 when it was discovered in China (22.5%), the mortality rate (44.6%), and the presence of treatment (32.1%). Overall knowledge score was statistically significantly associated with profession (P = 0.034), educational level (P = 0.033), and availability of the infection control in the workplace (P = 0.006). Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrated an intermediate level of knowledge of HCWs about COVID-19. Intervention programs are urgently needed to raise the knowledge of HCWs about this global public health issue.

关键词： COVID-19 Knowledge healthcare worker Assessment Najran

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Knowledge of Health workers in Public Health Centers of the Health District of LoméCommune on Dengue

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2021年第4期11卷 430-440页

作者： Lidaw Deassoua Bawe Akouda Akessiwe Patassi Awereou Kotosso Bawoubadi Abaltou Abdou-Razak Moukaïla Dosseh Dandogan Majeste Ihou Wateba Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital Lomé Togo Army Hospital of Lomé Lomé Togo

Background: Dengue is under-reported in the indicators and directories of health statistics in Togo and the diagnostic hypothesis of dengue during medical consultations is often not mentioned. Objective: The objective is to assess healthcare workers’ knowledge of dengue and its management in public health centers in the health district of Lomé Commune. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study that took place from November 1, 2019 to February 29, 2020 in the health district of Lomé Commune. Results: This study involved 280 healthcare workers out of 310 concerned, i.e., a participation rate of 90.32%, distributed over the 22 public health centers of the health district of Lomé Commune. The age of the healthcare workers ranged from 18 to 58 years with an average age of 33 years (±8.14). The age group [25 - 35 years] was more represented with 53.20%. Physicians were more represented with 46.07%. The majority of healthcare professionals were aware of the existence of dengue (90.36%). The essential clinical signs were more or less known, especially by the physicians. Dengue hemorrhagic fever was the most known clinical form and represented 70%. Treatment was symptomatic according to the majority (63.21%) and was based on analgesics (71.43%) and antipyretics (65%). The existence of a vaccine is not well known and represented 16.79%;the use of impregnated mosquito net is more cited as a secondary means of prevention, 77.86%. Conclusion: Dengue is not well known by the health professionals involved in the survey. Nevertheless, physicians have a more or less good knowledge compared to paramedics. In practice, the diagnosis of dengue is often not mentioned.

关键词： Dengue Knowledge healthcare worker Lomé Commune Togo

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