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Levels of Heavy Metals in Some Vegetables and Human Health Risk Assessment in Loumbila Area, Burkina Faso

Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2023年第9期13卷 1498-1511页

作者： Telado Luc Bambara Moumouni Derra Karim Kaboré Kiswendsida Alain Tougma Ousmane I. Cissé Francois Zougmoré Institute of Sciences and Technology “Ecole Normale Superieure” Koudougou Burkina Faso Physics Department University Norbert Zongo Koudougou Burkina Faso Physics Department Virtual University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratory of Materials and Environment University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Contamination by heavy metals of soil, water and agricultural products is currently a major problem of environmental pollution in the world. The consumption of plants contaminated with heavy metals can be the cause of diseases such as cancers, the number of cases of which is only growing. The objective of this study was to determine the concentration of copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and cadmium (Cd) in plants from the vegetable farm of LOUMBILA and the assessment of health risks linked to the consumption of plants. In this paper, the concentration of heavy metal in vegetable was measured using the model AANALYST 200 flame atomic absorption spectrometer from PERKIN ELMER. The level of Zn in the vegetables from Loumbila vegetable farms ranged between 42.95 mg/kg and 78 mg/kg. The concentrations of Zn in the studies vegetables were higher than the permissible levels set by FAO/WHO (20 mg/kg). The concentration Pb in vegetables varied from 1.73 mg/kg to 27.02 mg/kg. All concentrations of Pb in vegetable were higher than the permissible levels set by FAO/WHO (0.3 mg/kg). Daily intake of Ni, Cr and Pb was higher than the MTDI, so consumption of vegetables from Loumbila vegetable farms can lead to health problems related to Ni, Cr and Pb. In vegetables from LOUMBILA, the estimated daily intake decreased in the following order: Zn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cr. The hazard index values for carrot, onion, lettuce, green bean and onion leaves were greater than (>) one (1) which indicates that there might be a potential health risk to those consuming these vegetables. The Target Cancer Risk (TCR) analysis also revealed the potential cancer risk induced by Cu, Ni, Zn, Cr and Pb due to the consumption of carrot, onion leaves, onion, lettuce, green bean, and bell pepper because their TCR values were above the threshold.

关键词： Heavy Metal Concentration Vegetables Daily Intake hazard index

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Evaluation of Some Selected Metals in Rice Cultivated in Four Local Government Areas in Enugu State, Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第11期11卷 141-150页

作者： Christopher O. Alisa Samuel C. Nwobodo Edith N. Alisa Peter C. Okeke Ali Bilar Jailen Doyle Lovell Agwaramgbo Department of Chemistry Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Opec Research Consult Awka Nigeria Chemistry Department Dillard University New Orleans Louisiana USA

In this study, we investigated the presence of Zn, Fe, Cu, and Ca in rice cultivated in four local government areas (Nkanu East, Aninri, Uzo Uwani, Isi Uzo) within Enugu state, Nigeria. We employed an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer with an air acetylene flame to analyze these metals after digesting the rice samples. Risk assessment studies were carried out to determine any potential health risk to consumers by evaluating the estimated daily intake (EDI), the target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI). The average concentration (mg/kg) of trace metals in the rice samples was within the acceptable limits established by FAO/WHO. Specifically, Zn ranged from 0.265 to 0.632 mg/kg, Fe from 2.73 to 4.131 mg/kg, Cu from 0.205 to 4.131 mg/kg, and Ca from 9.718 to 12.150 mg/kg. There were no statistically significant differences in metal concentrations among the various locations. Consequently, the rice analyzed in this study can be considered safe for consumption. The calculated EDI (mg/kg-day) values were below the maximum tolerable daily intake thresholds. THQ values also fell within safe levels, and the HI values were less than 1, signifying no potential health risks associated with consuming rice from these locations. In conclusion, there is no significant non-carcinogenic health risk associated with exposure to trace metals through the consumption of rice from these areas.

关键词： Trace Metals Rice Risk Assessment Target hazard Quotient hazard index Enugu

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The Activity Concentrations, Radiation Contamination, and hazards from Wastes and Soil Samples in Nasirabad Industrial Area, Chattogram, Bangladesh

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第10期11卷 767-778页

作者： Mohammed Didarul Alam Mojumder Mahiuddin Ahmed Masud Kamal Mohammad Belal Hossen Md. Abdur Rashid Department of Physics Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Chattogram Bangladesh Atomic Energy Centre Chattogram Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Chattogram Bangladesh

Soils and other solid wastes from industrial areas of Nasirabad, Chattogram are usually dumped or used for land development. Information about the radioactivity level presented on these soil and wastes enables one to assess any possible radiological hazard to humankind by the use of such materials. A total of 37 (31 soils and 6 solid waste) samples near from different types of industries along four kilometre range were collected. The presence and activity concentrations of naturally occurred radioactive materials (NORM) and anthropogenic radionuclides in the samples were estimated using HPGe detector of 40% relative efficiency. The activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were found to be ranging from 8 ± 2 to 131 ± 18.33 with an average of 21 Bq·kg-1, 10 ± 2.69 to 133 ± 15.96 with an average of 40 Bq·kg-1 and 81 ± 22.68 to 930 ± 260.40 with an average of 449 Bq·kg-1 respectively. Besides this, some hazard indices like, the radium equivalent activity (Raeq), external hazard index (Hex), internal hazard index (Hin), and the activity concentration index (Iy) were calculated to assess the radiation hazard in this region. The averages of calculated hazard indices were within the normal limits, except the activity concentration index, which shows elevated values. The outcomes of this study could serve as important baseline radiological data for future epidemiological studies and environmental monitoring initiatives in the study area.

关键词： Industrial Contamination Gamma Spectrometry Activity Concentration hazard index

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Processing of Landsat 8 Imagery and Ground Gamma-Ray Spectrometry for Geologic Mapping and Dose-Rate Assessment, Wadi Diit along the Red Sea Coast, Egypt

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Open Journal of Geology 2016年第8期6卷 911-930页

作者： Ahmed E. Abdel Gawad Atef M. Abu Donia Mahmoud Elsaid Nuclear Materials Authority Cairo Egypt

Maximum Likelihood (MLH) supervised classification of atmospherically corrected Landsat 8 imagery was applied successfully for delineating main geologic units with a good accuracy (about 90%) according to reliable ground truth areas, which reflected the ability of remote sensing data in mapping poorly-accessed and remote regions such as playa (Sabkha) environs, subdued topography and sand dunes. Ground gamma-ray spectrometric survey was to delineate radioactive anomalies within Quaternary sediments at Wadi Diit. The mean absorbed dose rate (D), annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE) and external hazard index (Hex) were found to be within the average worldwide ranges. Therefore, Wadi Diit environment is said to be radiological hazard safe except at the black-sand lens whose absorbed dose rate of 100.77 nGy/h exceeds the world average. So, the inhabitants will receive a relatively high radioactive dose generated mainly by monazite and zircon minerals from black-sand lens.

关键词： Landsat 8 Imagery Image Processing Maximum Likelihood Classification Environmental Monitoring Absorbed Dose Rate hazard index

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Contribution to the Knowledge of Biodeteriogenic Flora on Three Historical Calabrian (Southern Italy) Churches

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Open Journal of Ecology 2021年第3期11卷 287-300页

作者： Maria Emanuela Mascaro Giuseppe Pellegrino Ida De Rose Anna Maria Palermo Department of Biology Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Calabria Rende Italy

The effect of biodeteriogenic living organisms on historical and archeological sites is a well-known problem affecting the world’s cultural heritage. Indeed, the growth inside the bricks of shrubs and herbs roots can cause breakage, collapse and, detachment of materials. The knowledge of the spontaneous vascular flora present on monuments is essential for protection and safeguarding of cultural heritage. In this paper, we identify and describe biodeteriogenic vascular flora of three historical Calabrian (Southern Italy) churches, showing the relationship between plant biodiversity and exposure and building material of churches. The species present on the wall and in perimeter for each church were sampled noting substrate type, surface inclination (vertical or horizontal) and exposure. The total number of plant species recorded was 27. Hemicryptophytes (41%) prevail over the other biological forms and the most represented families are that of the Asteraceae. Parietaria judaica is the only species present in all three sites. Substrate type, climatic condition and surface inclination affect the floristic composition. Sixteen out of 27 species grow on vertical surfaces, all Geophythes and Chamaephytes grow on horizontal surfaces, while Therophytes were rather on vertical surfaces. A significant difference was found in the hazard index values in the three churches. Only one site, presents a high average value of hazard index, due to the simultaneous presence of Ailanthus altissima, Ficus carica, Rubus ulmifolius and Sambucus nigra. The data collected indicate that the flora growing on wall of three Calabrian churches partially reflects the floristic context in which they are located. The diversity of the vegetational spectrum is remarkable, most of the plants are ruderal herbaceous, many weeds and invasive, and for the most part typical of the Mediterranean environment. The data collected contribute to the knowledge of the spo

关键词： Biodeterioration Churches Flora hazard index Italy

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Research on Lateral Active Collision Avoidance Algorithms for Intelligent Vehicles

Research on Lateral Active Collision Avoidance Algorithms fo...

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2019中国汽车工程学会年会

作者： Qin Jiaxiang He Rui Liu Yan Deng Weiwen Zhang Sumin State Key Laboratory of Automobile Simulation and Control Jilin University School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang University

Vehicle lateral obstacle avoidance technology is one of the key technologies of intelligent *** view of the current situation that there are few studies on vehicle lateral collision risk degree and its description,this paper proposes a description method of vehicle lateral collision risk degree by analyzing the mechanism and kinematics model of vehicle lateral collision,and proposes a lateral active collision avoidance algorithm based on this *** order to verify the rationality of the proposed risk description method and collision avoidance algorithm,a lateral simulation experiment is designed for typical lateral collision *** simulation results show that the proposed lateral collision risk description method and the lateral active collision avoidance algorithm have good effectiveness and robustness.

关键词： ADAS lateral danger hazard index active collision avoidance

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Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters and Heavy Metals in the Surface Water of North Alabama

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2021年第3期10卷 89-103页

作者： Paul Okweye Karnita Garner Department of Physics Chemistry and MathematicsAlabama A&M UniversityNormal 35811USA Urban Forestry Wildlife&Natural Resources Coordinator SoilWater&Environmental ScienceNormal 35762USA

Water quality in North Alabama is becoming a critical issue and in order to understand the quality of water in the Flint Creek and Flint Rivers,concentration levels of physicochemical parameters and trace heavy metals were measured in six strategically selected sites within the streams to obtain baseline data.A total of 192 surface water samples were collected and analyzed for total phosphorous and five heavy metals of *** and chemical parameters were determined for dissolved oxygen(DO),turbidity,pH,temperature,water conductivity and total *** concentration of the DO was above guidelines in three sites at both *** metals were statistically significant(P≤0.05)at 95%confidence interval by *** and lead exceeded their maximum permissible *** results for heavy metals in this study show location and seasonal *** was significantly higher heavy metal content during winter>spring>summer>*** values for the hazard Quotient and hazard index for both watershed sites were mostly more than 1,indicating some levels of ***,surrounding rocks and other anthropogenic sources appeared to be causing the elevated chemical content of the rivers and may have resulted in significant adverse impacts on the study areas.

关键词： Physic-chemical parameters heavy metals surface water dissolved oxygen hazard quotient hazard index watershed.

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