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Spatial niche segregation between bird species in the Białowieża primeval forest(NE Poland)

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森林生态系统:英文版 2023年第4期10卷 483-493页

作者： Oliwia Karpińska Katarzyna Kamionka-Kanclerska Patryk Czortek Marcin K.Dyderski Dorota Czeszczewik Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities Faculty of Exact and Natural SciencesInstitute of Biological SciencesB.Prusa 1408-110SiedlcePoland Białowieża Geobotanical Station Faculty of BiologyUniversity of WarsawSportowa 1917-230BiałowieżaPoland Institute of Dendrology Polish Academy of SciencesParkowa 562-035KórnikPoland

Drivers of bird niche separation in temperate primeval forests have not yet been determined,due to the low number of intact forest sites.Here,we analyzed the general patterns of niche usage on trees by birds’assemblages.We tested how tree species affect the sharing of space in an assemblage of birds and their level of specialization.We conducted our study in the Białowieża primeval forest(NE Poland).During two breeding seasons,we observed bird positions on trees,divided into three vertical and six horizontal zones in 768 observation points.Based on the interaction networks framework we calculated the Kullback-Leibler distance d′as a metric of species specialization and the resource range RR index,which estimates the species’specificity based on the fraction of space utilized with a non-zero performance.The d′index was the highest in the lower understory for all parts of the tree on the basis of the position from the trunk.The RR index was the highest in the lower understory for all parts based on the position from the trunk.Regarding the tree species,the lowest d′index was observed in all tree species together,and hornbeam,whereas the highest in oak.At the tree species level,the RR index was the lowest for hornbeam.We show tree species importance in forest space sharing in the case of bird assemblages.Hornbeam,alder,and spruce are universal species that were used by birds almost entirely.In contrast,oak,lime,and maple were only partially used.Tree species with less complex structures could shape bird assemblages,as they could offer birds much fewer niches to realize.Therefore,we showed that high specialization and niche separation are drivers of high bird diversity.Consequently maintaining a diverse stand structure is crucial for biodiversity conservation.

关键词： Tree use Niche partitioning Foraging guild Specialization habitat filtering Foundation species Tree species effect

Point process models, the dimensions of biodiversity and the importance of small-scale biotic interactions

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第2期7卷 126-133页

作者： Xiangcheng Mi Lei Bao Jianhua Chen Keping Ma State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences20 NanxincunXiangshanBeijing 100093China College of Life Science Beijing Normal University19 Xinjiekouwai StreetHaidian DistrictBeijing 100875China College of Chemistry and Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal University688 Yingbin RoadJinhuaZhejiang 321004China

Aims Recent mechanistic explanations for community assembly focus on the debates surrounding niche-based deterministic and dispersalbased stochastic models.This body of work has emphasized the importance of both habitat filtering and dispersal limitation,and many of these works have utilized the assumption of species spatial independence to simplify the complexity of the spatial modeling in natural communities when given dispersal limitation and/or habitat filtering.One potential drawback of this simplification is that it does not consider species interactions and how they may influence the spatial distribution of species,phylogenetic and functional diversity.Here,we assess the validity of the assumption of species spatial independence using data from a subtropical forest plot in southeastern China.Methods We use the four most commonly employed spatial statistical models—the homogeneous Poisson process representing pure random effect,the heterogeneous Poisson process for the effect of habitat heterogeneity,the homogenous Thomas process for sole dispersal limitation and the heterogeneous Thomas process for joint effect of habitat heterogeneity and dispersal limitation—to investigate the contribution of different mechanisms in shaping the species,phylogenetic and functional structures of communities.Important Findings Our evidence from species,phylogenetic and functional diversity demonstrates that the habitat filtering and/or dispersal-based models perform well and the assumption of species spatial independence is relatively valid at larger scales(50×50 m).Conversely,at local scales(10×10 and 20×20 m),the models often fail to predict the species,phylogenetic and functional diversity,suggesting that the assumption of species spatial independence is invalid and that biotic interactions are increasingly important at these spatial scales.

关键词： point process model niche neutral theory dispersal limitation habitat filtering assumption of species spatial independence community phylogenetic structure community functional structure

Elevational patterns and ecological determinants of mean family age of angiosperm assemblages in temperate forests within Mount Taibai, China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第6期11卷 919-927页

作者： Mingfei Zhao Yuhang Wang Feng Xue Wanyi Zuo Kaixiong Xing Guoyi Wang Muyi Kang Yuan Jiang State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityNo.19XinJieKouWai St.HaiDian DistrictBeijing 100875China Taxonomy and Biodiversity Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUnited Kingdom Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences11ADatun RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101China Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityNo.19XinJieKouWai St.HaiDian DistrictBeijing 100875China

Aims Species assembly is shaped by the interactions among ecological and evolutionary processes.By integrating the niche conservatism and evolutionary history,the tropical niche conservatism hypoth-esis(TCH)has clarified species latitudinal diversity gradient at large scales.One of the TCH’s central predictions,though lack-ing empirical evidence,implies that positive relationship between clade age and temperature along the altitudinal gradient should also be observed.Thus,we aim to test this prediction using a data set derived from forest communities of Mt.Taibai,central China.Methods We systematically established 49 plots(20 m×30 m)along the north slope on Mt.Taibai,China.We calculated the mean family age(MFA)and its corresponding standardized values through rarefi-cation and standardization,for woody and herbaceous angiosperm assemblages in each community respectively.Generalized linear models with Akaike weight and correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationships between MFA with seven environmental predictors.Important Findings For both woody and herbaceous assemblages,the standardized MFA showed significant decreasing tendencies along the eleva-tional gradient and positive associations with minimum temperature(measured as mean temperature of the coldest month).Additionally,minimum temperature is the dominant predictor compared with the others in the regression models.These findings are generally con-sistent with the age-related predictions of the TCH,but are contrary to the results of related studies conducted in tropical regions.

关键词： species assembly cold tolerance temperate forest habitat filtering clade age tropical conservatism hypothesis

Effects of topography on structuring species assemblages in a subtropical forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第3期10卷 440-449页

作者： Qinggang Wang Ruwan Punchi-Manage Zhijun Lu Scott B.Franklin Zhiheng Wang Yaoqi Li Xiulian Chi Dachuan Bao Yili Guo Junmeng Lu Yaozhan Xu Xiujuan Qiao Mingxi Jiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubei 430074PR China Department of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871PR China Department of Ecosystem Modeling University of GöttingenBüsgenweg 437077 GöttingenGermany Department of Ecological Modelling UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZPF 50013604301 LeipzigGermany School of Biological Sciences University of Northern ColoradoGreeleyCO 80639-0017USA National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700PR China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049PR China

Aims Topography has long been recognized as an important factor in shaping species distributions.Many studies revealed that species may show species-habitat associations.However,few studies inves-tigate how species assemblages are associated with local habitats,and it still remains unclear how the community-habitat associa-tions vary with species abundance class and life stage.In this study,we analyzed the community-habitat associations in a subtropical montane forest.Methods The fully mapped 25-ha(500×500 m)forest plot is located in Badagongshan Nature Reserve in Hunan Province,Central China.It was divided into 625(20×20 m)quadrats.habitat types were classified by multivariate regression tree analyses that cluster areas with similar species composition according to the topographic characteristics.Indicator species analysis was used to identify the most important species for structuring species assemblages.We also compared the community-habitat associations for two levels of species abundances(i.***.abundant and rare)and three different life stages(i.***.saplings,juveniles and adults),while accounting for sample size effects.Important Findings The Badagongshan plot was divided into five distinct habitat types,which explained 34.7%of the variance in tree species composi-tion.Even with sample size taken into account,community-habi-tat associations for rare species were much weaker than those for abundant species.Also when accounting for sample size,very small differences were found in the variance explained by topography for the three life stages.Indicator species of habitat types were mainly abundant species,and nearly all adult stage indicator species were also indicators in juvenile and sapling stages.Our study manifested that topographical habitat filtering was important in shaping over-all local species compositions.However,habitat filtering was not important in shaping rare species’distributions in this forest.The community-habitat association patterns in this forest were mainly shaped by abundant species.In addi

关键词： multivariate regression tree analysis habitat filtering rare species Badagongshan

Soil attributes structure plant assemblages across an Atlantic forest mosaic

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第4期11卷 613-622页

作者： Maria Fabíola Barros Bruno X.Pinho Tarciso Leão Marcelo Tabarelli Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal Departamento de BotânicaUniversidade Federal de PernambucoPE 50670-901Brazil Department of Forest Resources University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA

Aims Community assembly persists as a key topic in ecology due to the complex variation in the relative importance of assembly forces and mechanisms across spatio-temporal scales and eco-systems.Here we address a forest-savanna vegetation mosaic in the Brazilian Atlantic forest to examine the role played by soil attributes as determinants of community assembly and organiza-tion at a landscape spatial scale.Methods We examined soil and plant assemblage attributes across 23 plots of forest and savanna in a 1600 km2 landscape exposed to the same climatic conditions in the Atlantic forest region of northeast Brazil.Assemblage attributes included species richness,taxonomic and functional composition(community weighted mean,CWM)and functional diversity(quadratic diversity;Rao’s quadratic entropy index)relative to plant leaf area,specific leaf area,leaf dry matter content,thickness and succulence.Important Findings Our results suggest that forest and savanna patches exposed to the same climatic conditions clearly differ in terms of soil attributes,plant assemblage structure,taxonomic and functional composition.By selecting particular plant strategies relative to resource economy,soil potentially affects community structure,with forest assemblages bear-ing more acquisitive resource-use strategies,while conservative plant strategies are more frequent in savannas.Accordingly,savanna-forest mosaics in the Atlantic forest region represent spatially organized plant assemblages in terms of taxonomic and functional features,with a sig-nal of trait convergence in both vegetation types.Soil-mediated filter-ing thus emerges as a potential deterministic assembly force affecting the spatial organization of savanna-forest boundaries and mosaics.

关键词： community assembly habitat filtering plant functional traits savanna vegetation tropical forest

Soil conditions and phylogenetic relatedness influence total community trait space during early plant succession

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第4期7卷 321-329页

作者： Werner Ulrich Marcin Piwczyński Markus K.Zaplata Susanne Winter Wolfgang Schaaf Anton Fischer Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Lwowska 1PL 87-100 ToruńPoland Center Landscape Development and Mining Landscapes(FZLB) Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-SenftenbergKonrad-Wachsmann-Allee 6D-03046 CottbusGermany Center of Life and Food Sciences Technische Universität MünchenEmil-Ramann-Straße 6D-85354 FreisingGermany Technische Universität Dresden Pienner Straße 8D-01737 TharandtGermany Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus Konrad-Wachsmann-Allee 6D-03046 Cottbus-SenftenbergGermanyl Center of Life and Food Sciences Technische Universität MünchenHans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2D-85354 FreisingGermany

Aims the total space of traits covered by the members of plant com-munities is an important parameter of ecosystem functioning and complexity.We trace the variability of trait space during early plant succession and ask how trait space co-varies with phylogenetic community structure and soil conditions.Particularly,we are inter-ested in the small-scale variability in trait space and the influence of biotic and abiotic filters.Methods We use data on species richness and soil conditions from the first 7 years of initial succession of an artificial catchment in north-east-ern germany.total functional attribute diversity serves as a proxy to total trait space.Important Findingstotal trait space steadily increased during succession.We observed high small-scale variability in total trait space that was positively correlated with species richness and phylogenetic segregation and negatively correlated with total plant cover.trait space increased with soil carbonate content,while pH and the fraction of sandy material behaved indifferently.our results indicate that during early succession,habitat filtering processes gain importance leading to a lesser increase in trait space than expected from the increase in species richness alone.

关键词： primary succession trait space phylogenetic signal habitat filtering species co-occurrence null model

Phylogenetic alpha and beta diversity in tropical tree assemblages along regionalscale environmental gradients in northwest South America

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第2期7卷 145-153页

作者： Sebastián González-Caro María Natalia Umaña Esteban Álvarez Pablo R.Stevenson Nathan G.Swenson Ecosystem Services&Climate Change Lab Botanical Garden of MedellínMedellínAntioquia 050001Colombia Department of Plant Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Ecology Universidad de AlcaláAlcaláMadrid 28801Spain Department of Biological Sciences Universidad de Los AndesBogotá7495Colombia

Aims Environmental gradients are drivers of species diversity;however,we know relatively little about the evolutionary processes underlying these relationships.A potentially powerful approach to studying diversity gradients is to quantify the phylogenetic structure within and between assemblages arrayed along broad spatial and environmental gradients.Here,we evaluate the phylogenetic structure of plant assemblages along an environmental gradient with the expectation that the habitat specialization of entire lineages is an important evolutionary pattern influencing the structure of tree communities along environmental gradients.Methods We evaluated the effect of several environmental variables on the phylogenetic structure of plant assemblages in 145 plots distributed in northwestern South America that cover a broad environmental gradient.The phylogenetic alpha diversity was quantified for each plot and the phylogenetic beta diversity between each pair of plots was also quantified.Both the alpha and beta diversity measures were then related to spatial and environmental gradients in the study system.Important Findings We found that gradients in temperature and potential evapotranspiration have a strong relationship with the phylogenetic alpha diversity in our study system,with phylogenetic overdispersion in low temperatures and phylogenetic clustering at higher temperatures.Further,the phylogenetic beta diversity between two plots increases with an increasing difference in temperature,whereas annual precipitation was not a significant predictor of community phylogenetic turnover.We also found that the phylogenetic structure of the plots in our study system was related to the degree of seasonal flooding and seasonality in precipitation.In particular,more stressful environments such as dry forests and flooded forests showed phylogenetic clustering.Finally,in contrast with previous studies,we find that phylogenetic beta diversity was not strongly related to the spatial distance separating two forest plots,which may be

关键词： phylogenetic conservatism habitat filtering immigration environmental gradient

Effects of habitat fragmentation on functional diversity and functional structure of plant communities in Thousand Island Lake, China

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Effects of habitat fragmentation on functional diversity and...