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Ecology and risks of the global plastisphere as a newly expanding microbial habitat

The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 49-58页

作者： Changchao Li Michael RGillings Chao Zhang Qinglin Chen Dong Zhu Jie Wang Kankan Zhao Qicheng Xu Polly Hangmei Leung Xiangdong Li Jian Liu Ling Jin Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina Environment Research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong KongChina ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology Faculty of Science and EngineeringMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSW 2109Australia Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research StationInstitute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Health Technology and Informatics and Research Institute for Future Food The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China

Plastic offers a new niche for microorganisms,the plastisphere.The everincreasing emission of plastic waste makes it critical to understand the microbial ecology of the plastisphere and associated effects.Here,we present a global fingerprint of the plastisphere,analyzing samples collected from freshwater,seawater,and terrestrial ecosystems.The plastisphere assembles a distinct microbial community that has a clearly higher heterogeneity and a more deterministically dominated assembly compared to natural habitats.New coexistence patterns—loose and fragile networks with mostly specialist linkages among microorganisms that are rarely found in natural habitats—are seen in the plastisphere.Plastisphere microbiomes generally have a great potential to metabolize organic compounds,which could accelerate carbon turnover.Microorganisms involved in the nitrogen cycle are also altered in the plastisphere,especially in freshwater plastispheres,where a high abundance of denitrifiers may increase the release of nitrite(aquatic toxicant)and nitrous oxide(greenhouse gas).Enrichment of animal,plant,and human pathogens means that the plastisphere could become an increasingly mobile reservoir of harmful microorganisms.Our findings highlight that if the trajectory of plastic emissions is not reversed,the expanding plastisphere could pose critical planetary health challenges.

关键词： reservoir mostly habitat

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Three-dimensional forest foodscape in large herbivores’habitat based on UAV with LiDAR detection

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 343-346页

作者： Heng BAO Guangshun JIANG College of Wildlife and Protected Area Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration HarbinChina Research Center for Northeast Asia Biodiversity Conservation HarbinChina

Traditionally,wildlife habitat research mainly extracts two-dimensional habitat factors.However,they live in three-dimensional space,and the three-dimensional structure of the forest ecosystem is an important factor affecting the composition of the mammal community(Fig.1a,b),and the three-dimensional structure of the forest also determines the behavior pattern of wildlife multidimensional habitat selection or use(Flaspohler et al.2010;Palminteri et al.2012;Müller et al.2014).For instance,forest structure determines the vertical distribution of annual edible shoots,fruits,or seed nuts resources in space,providing additional ecological niches for frugivores,rodents,and other species,and then leading to niche differentiation of wild animals in vertical space utilization,thus increasing species coexistence(e.g.Li et al.2023).

关键词： habitat forest dimensional

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Associative cultural landscape approach to interpreting traditional ecological wisdom:A case of Inuit habitat

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第1期13卷 79-96页

作者： Peng Zhang Shuai Li Department of Landscape Architecture College of Architecture and Urban PlanningTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Global climate change and the accelerated melting of glaciers have raised concerns about the ability to manage ice-snow environments.Historically,human ancestors have mastered the ecological wisdom of working with ice-snow environments,but the phenomenon has not yet been articulated in cultural landscape methodologies that emphasize“nature-culture relevance”.The challenging living environment often compels indigenous people to form a strong bond with their surroundings,leading to the creation of long-term ecological wisdom through synergistic relationships with the environment.This ecological environment is conceptualized as a cognitive space in the form of the landscape,with which the aboriginal community norms and individual spirits continually interact.Such interactions generate numerous non-material cultural evidences,such as culture,art,religion,and other ideological aspects of the nation.These evidences symbolize the intellectual outcome of the relationship between humans and the landscape,and they create the“spiritual relevance”through personification and contextualization.The aim of the study is to explore the traditional ecological wisdom of the Inuit people who live in the harsh Arctic,and analyze the Inuit’s interaction with the landscape through the lens of“associative cultural landscape”,and decode the survival experience that the Inuit have accumulated through their long-term synergy with the Arctic environment.The findings focus on the synergy between the Inuit and the ice-snow landscape,examining the knowledge and ecological wisdom that the Inuit acquire from the ice-snow landscape.Our goal is to develop a perspective of the ecological environment from the viewpoint of aboriginal people and establish a methodology,model,and framework for“associative cultural landscape”that incorporates ethnic non-material cultural evidences.From the results,a total of nine models for interpreting traditional Inuit ecological wisdom are generated based on the“diamond model”of“associative cultural landscape”,coverin

关键词： Landscape architecture Associative cultural landscape Nature-culture relevance Cultural landscape Traditional ecological wisdom Non-material cultural evidence Methodology habitat Living environment Ice-snow landscape

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Estimation of Potential habitat of Caragana acanthophylla in Xinjiang Based on Maximum Entropy Model

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Asian Agricultural Research 2024年第4期16卷 14-18,22页

作者： Jinglu ZHANG Yali ZHU Huifang ZHANG Jian GAO Dilixiati·Baoerhan Modern Forestry Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Urumqi 830000China

[Objectives]To determine the potential habitat range of Caragana acanthophylla in Xinjiang.[Methods]The known distribution points of C.acanthophylla were used as samples,and a MaxEnt model was developed based on their climatic variables to identify key environmental factors affecting the potential habitats of C.acanthophylla through jackknife method and construction of a response relationship between representative variables and habitat suitability;the suitability of habitats for C.acanthophylla in Xinjiang was evaluated based on the output results of the model.[Results](i)The accuracy of the model verified by AUC curve was 0.971,indicating that the potential habitats of C.acanthophylla in Xinjiang predicted by MaxEnt model were highly credible.(ii)The optimum climatic characteristics for the distribution of C.acanthophylla in Xinjiang were:isothermality 18.8%-34%,minimum temperature of coldest month-30℃to-13℃,mean temperature of coldest quarter-18℃ to-4℃,annual precipitation 80-410 mm,precipitation of driest month 0-25 mm,precipitation of driest quarter 0-82 mm,and precipitation of coldest quarter 0-75 mm.(iii)The total potential distribution area of C.acanthophylla in Xinjiang was modeled to be 1.03×10^(5) km^(2),of which 8.54×10^(3)km^(2) was high suitability area,mainly in the front mountain belt of the north slope of Tianshan Mountain in Urumqi City,Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture,Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture,and Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture and the front mountain belt of Barluk Mountain in Tacheng Prefecture.[Conclusions]This study is of great significance for the future scientific management,regeneration,vegetation restoration and ecological protection of C.acanthophylla.

关键词： Xinjiang Caragana acanthophylla MaxEnt model Potential habitat

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Molecular analyses display the increasing diversity of Podostemaceae in China

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 421-424页

作者： Zhi-Zhong Li Zhun Xu Shuang Wu Lang-Xing Yuan Chun-Yu Zou Yan Liu Jian-Yong Lin Shi-Chu Liang Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University) Ministry of EducationGuilin 541006China Wuhan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Guangxi Association for Science and Technology Nanning 530023China Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571101China Guangxi Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesGuilin 541006China Guangxi Forestry Research Institute Nanning 530028China

Podostemaceae(riverweed family),one of the largest aquatic plant families in the world,comprises about 350 species in 51 genera placed in three subfamilies,Podostemoideae,Weddellinoideae,and Tristichoideae(Koi et al.,2022).Most Podostemaceae genera(~38)are monotypic or oligotypic,with a high level of endemism(Koi et al.,2018,2022).Members of Podostemaceae adhere to rocks in fast-flowing rivers,streams,or waterfalls in the subtropics and tropics(Koi et al.,2018).As an adaptation to fastrunning currents,the morphological structure of river-weeds tends to be extremely reduced,including a loss or reduction of primary shoots or roots(Koi and Kato,2007).The vegetative mass of these plants resembles lichens or bryophytes,and are thus known commonly as“dream bryophytes”(Philbrick and Retana,1998).Podostemaceae plants flower when the water level drops during the dry season.In recent years,anthropogenic factors and climate change have severely affected river weed habitats,decreasing populations of these plants.

关键词： roots season habitat

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Haplotype-resolved and chromosome-scale genomes provide insights into co-adaptation between the Amur tiger and Amur leopard

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 464-467页

作者： Hai-Meng Li Bo-Yang Liu Min-Hui Shi Le Zhang Shang-Chen Yang Sunil Kumar Sahu Liang-Yu Cui Shan-Lin Liu Nicolas Dussex Yue Ma Dan Liu Wei-Yao Kong Hao-Rong Lu Yue Zhao Love Dalén Huan Liu Tian-Ming Lan Guang-Shun Jiang Yan-Chun Xu College of Wildlife and Protected Area Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang 150040China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics BGI ResearchShenzhenGuangdong 518083China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Life Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China BGI Research WuhanHubei 430074China Department of Entomology College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Centre for Palaeogenetics Svante Arrhenius väg 20CStockholm 10691Sweden Department of Zoology Stockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryStockholm 10691Sweden Heilongjiang Siberian Tiger Park HarbinHeilongjiang 150000China Jinlin Provincial Academy of Forestry Science ChangchunJilin 130033China China National GeneBank BGI ResearchShenzhenGuangdong 518120China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write BGI ResearchShenzhenGuangdong 518083China BGI Life Science Joint Research Center Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang 150040China Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration College of Wildlife and Protected AreaNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang 150040China National Forestry and Grassland Administration Research Center of Engineering Technology for Wildlife Conservation and Utilization HarbinHeilongjiang 150040China

DEAR EDITOR,Big cats,such as Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)and Amur leopards(P.pardus orientalis),are apex predator and have evolved specialized traits for hunting and carnivory(Moya et al.,2022),thus playing a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem integrity by regulating prey-predator dynamics.However,human-induced pressures,habitat fragmentation,and environmental alterations have restricted these species in small and isolated populations.Currently,all extant big cats are categorized as endangered or threatened according to their conservation status.Amur tigers and Amur leopards share overlapping geographic ranges,habitats,and certain prey species in the forests of Northeast Asia(Jiang et al.,2015).To reduce interspecies conflict,these carnivores exhibit differentiated dietary and temporal niches.Amur tigers predominantly prey on large ungulates,while Amur leopards hunt small to medium-sized animals(Sugimoto et al.,2016).Additionally,they occupy different temporal niches,with tigers being active at night and leopards more active during the day.Despite spatial and temporal niche partitioning,interspecific competition between these two species is inevitable.Tigers,benefiting from their greater size,have a competitive advantage over leopards,which can manifest in occasional leopard predation by tigers and declines in leopard populations with increasing tiger density(Jiang et al.,2015).Tigers also displace leopards from marginal habitats in nature reserves where they coexist.

关键词： habitat Panthera resolved

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Size specific boldness associated with differences in resource requirements and habitat use: a cross-sectional study in hermit crabs

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Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 360-366页

作者： Mark Briffa Rose Archer School of Biological and Marine Sciences University of PlymouthPlymouth PL48AAUK

Animal personality is often studied within compressed periods of observation that represent narrow windows in comparison to animal lifespans.Although much is known about the relations between repeatable personality traits and cross-situational behavioral plasticity,less is known about how such traits might differ across age classes or life history transitions.We conducted a cross-sectional study of startle response duration in 3 size classes of Pagurus bernhardus,the common European hermit crab.We defined size classes using transitions in the preferred species of gastropod shells that accompany growth,and this change in preference is in turn associated with a transition from intertidal to subtidal habitats.Compared with small-and medium-sized intertidal individuals the larger subtidal hermit crabs behaved cautiously by showing startle responses of greater duration following disturbance.Startle responses were also repeatable within all 3 size classes,confirming the presence of animal personality in intertidal hermit crabs and demonstrating that this pattern is retained within the largest size classes,which have undergone the transition from intertidal to subtidal habitat.Interestingly,there was a trend for the pattern of repeatable startle response durations to increase with size class,with the highest value for repeatability and the greatest range of startle response durations being present within the large subtidal population.The greater range of startle responses indicates that the longer startle response durations in some larger individuals are more likely due to developmental changes with age and habitat use than reflecting selection against the boldest individuals during earlier stages of life.

关键词： boldness development habitat hermit crab personality resources

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Three-dimensional assessment of movement patterns of Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys affected by habitat structure in temperate forests

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Zoological Research 2023年第2期44卷 361-365页

作者： Hai-Tao Yang Shun Li Rong Hou Wen-Tao Song Yan-Wen Fu Yong-Bo Li Xiao-Wei Wang Gang He Colin A.Chapman Qing-Hua Guo Bao-Guo Li Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710069China Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research College of Geography and EnvironmentJiangxi Normal UniversityNanchangJiangxi 330022China College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation Shaanxi Institute of ZoologyShaanxi Academy of SciencesXi’anShaanxi 710032China Biology Department Vancouver Island UniversityBritish ColumbiaV5K0A1 Canada School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburg 3200South Africa

DEAR EDITOR,Movement patterns can reflect species-specific characteristics of individuals and animal groups at a given scale. Accurate three-dimensional(3D) assessment can quantify the relationship between movement patterns of an animal and its unique habitat. Here, we evaluated the effects of habitat structure on movement patterns of the golden snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus roxellana). We used airborne light detection and ranging(LiDAR) to map the 3D structure of the temperate forest in the Qinling Mountains(Shaanxi, China).

关键词： habitat movement temperate

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Emergence of H5N8 avian influenza virus in domestic geese in a wild bird habitat,Yishui Lake,north central China

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Virologica Sinica 2023年第1期38卷 157-161页

作者： Cheng Zhang Zhong-Yi Wang Huan Cui Li-Gong Chen Chun-Mao Zhang Zhao-Liang Chen Shi-Shan Dong Kui Zhao Ying-Ying Fu Ju-Xiang Liu Zhen-Dong Guo Changchun Veterinary Research Institute at Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences Changchun 130122China Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Beijing 100071China College of Veterinary Medicine at Jilin University Changchun 130062China College of Veterinary Medicine at Hebei Agricultural University Baoding 071000China

Dear Editor,China is located in the eastern part of the Eurasian continent,with a large north–south range,resulting in a large temperature difference.Wild birds migrate two times annually along with the north–south range,including eastern,central and western routes in China.Wild birds are reported to carry influenza viruses from multiple sources,causing the virus to spread across a wide range of regions,which present great challenges for the prevention and control of avian influenza viruses(AIVs)(He et al.,2021;Shi and Gao,2021).

关键词： north annually habitat

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Landscape alteration affects the demography of an endangered avian predator by reducing the habitat quality

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Avian Research 2022年第2期13卷 194-201页

作者： Dimitar Demerdzhiev Dobromir Dobrev Georgi Popgeorgiev Stoycho Stoychev Bulgarian Society for the Protecaon of Birds/Birdlife Bulgaria 5 Leonardo Da Vinci Str.Plovdiv4000Bulgaria National Museum of Natural History Department of ZoologySofiaBulgaria

habitat transformation is identified as major threat to biodiversity loss globally,affecting threatened raptors.Changes in land use can alter the abundance and distribution of birds of prey by affecting habitat availability and quality.In this study,we used multivariate analyses to investigate the effect of habitat alteration on the demography of a declining Eastern Imperial Eagle(Aqufla heliaca),making assumptions for future population trajectories.We used the Generalized Linear Mixed Models with Poisson distribution and Log link function,searching a relationship between the demographic parameters and the landscape structure and possible effects of fragmentation.In our study area,habitat change affected dramatically permanent grasslands,shrinking their availability.As we expected,the share of grasslands in eagles’territories significantly affected occupancy rate,but not productivity and breeding frequency.We found that occupancy rate decreased significantly,while productivity and breeding frequency showed no trend.Modeling the effect of habitat alteration on Eastern Imperial Eagle demography,we found out that territory quality was a more powerful factor driving the response of a top predator to the alteration of favorite foraging habitats.Only the habitat quality in source territories had a significant positive effect on eagle productivity.We found that simple rules to predict adverse agricultural impact on territory abandonment or breeding productivity of a top predator were not reliable.Our results could be used for planning conservation of other large territorial raptors,facing the same type of threat.

关键词： predator globally habitat

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