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Prevention of Maternal-to-Child transmission of hiv: Knowledge, Attitude and Factors Influencing Active Participation among hiv-Positive Men in a Military Health Facility in Lagos, South Western Nigeria

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2020年第8期10卷 233-253页

作者： Nkechinyere Elizabeth Harrison Kenneth Ejiofor Oruka Uzoamaka Concilia Agbaim Olatunde Ademola Adegbite Obiyo Nwaiwu Nathan Anelechi Elvis Okeji Centre for Infectious Disease Clinic 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos Nigeria Department of Medicine 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos Nigeria Department of Pharmacology Therapeutics and Toxicology Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Ministry of Defence Health Implementation Programme Abuja Nigeria

Introduction: Traditionally, Prevention of Maternal-to-Child transmission (PMTCT) of hiv involves women and excludes men despite their important roles. There is a need for more data on factors influencing male participation in PMTCT programs. Design: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study of married hiv-positive men receiving care at the adult ART clinic, 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba. Data were collected from March 15 to April 30, 2018. Result: Out of the 366 respondents, 333 (91%) were aware that hiv can be transmitted from mother to child. However, only 43.2% correctly identified that it can be transmitted during pregnancy, while 30.2% stated during labour. Almost all of the respondents (96.4%) would also accept that their positive partners take antiretroviral treatment to protect her unborn baby, 86.9% would support non breastfeeding option after delivery, and 95.6% indicated readiness to buy formula milk for the baby. Similarly, majority believed that a pregnant woman can be tested for hiv without the permission of her partner (Mean = 1.47 ± 0.893), and that men should accompany their spouse to ANC/PMTCT clinics (Mean = 1.86 ± 0.921). Conclusion: This study revealed that despite low knowledge of PMTCT among men, there is a good level of attitude and involvement among them. We recommend further study to fully explore the impact of education on men’s participation.

关键词： Prevention Maternal to Child hiv transmission Men Attitude Practice Nigeria

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Structural sensitivity in hiv modeling: A case study of vaccination

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2017年第4期2卷 399-411页

作者： Cora L.Bernard Margaret L.Brandeau Department of Management Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA

Structural assumptions in infectious disease models,such as the choice of network or compartmental model type or the inclusion of different types of heterogeneity across individuals,might affect model predictions as much as or more than the choice of input *** explore the potential implications of structural assumptions on hiv model predictions and policy *** illustrate the value of inference robustness assessment through a case study of the effects of a hypothetical hiv vaccine in multiple population subgroups over eight related transmission models,which we sequentially modify to vary over two dimensions:parameter complexity(e.g.,the inclusion of age and HCV comorbidity)and contact/simulation complexity(e.g.,aggregated compartmental ***/disaggregated compartmental *** models).We find that estimates of hiv incidence reductions from network models and individual compartmental models vary,but those differences are overwhelmed by the differences in hiv incidence between such models and the aggregated compartmental models(which aggregate groups of individuals into compartments).Complexities such as age structure appear to buffer the effects of aggregation and increase the threshold of net vaccine effectiveness at which aggregated models begin to overestimate *** differences introduced by parameter complexity in estimated incidence reduction also translate into substantial differences in cost-effectiveness *** complexity does not appear to play a consistent role in differentiating the projections of network models.

关键词： hiv transmission hiv vaccine Structural sensitivity analysis Inference robustness assessment Network model Dynamic compartmental model

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