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STUDIES IN MONKEYS OF ATTENUATED HEPATITIS A VARIANTS

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Science in China,Ser.B 1988年第3期31卷 338-343页

作者：毛江森谢汝英黄海鹰柴少爱陈念良余佩华汪岫芝刘春江曹逸云董德祥练幼辉邹永健梁悟生李华陈统球 Zhejiang Academy of Medicine Hangzhou Institute of Medical Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Kunming

Three hav variants, H2M20(35℃), H2M20(32℃) and H2M20K5(32℃), were developed by passagein different tissue culture cells and at different temperatures. Virulence for monkeys was assessed by in-oculating each of the variants into four monkeys. Weekly bleeding through 16 weeks post-inoculation wasassayed for anti-hav titers and SGPT as well as LDH5 activities. And in some monkeys liver biopsieswere also studied. Seroconversion was induced in all of the inoculated monkeys. The anti-hav titers test-ed at 16 weeks post-inoculation were: 40-640 with H2M20(35℃), 40-160 wi1h H2M20(32℃) and 20-40 with H2M20K5(32℃). These variants showed different levels of virulence/attenuation for monkeys.Variant H2M20(35℃) showed no evidence of attenuation, variant H2M20(32℃) retained slight virulenceand variant H2M20K5(32℃) showed no evidence of virulence for monkeys. Criteria are proposed for as-say of hav virulence tested in monkeys.

关键词： hav STUDIES IN MONKEYS OF ATTENUATED HEPATITIS A VARIANTS SGPT

Direct-acting Antivirals and Host-targeting Agents against the Hepatitis A Virus

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2015年第3期3卷 205-210页

作者： Tatsuo Kanda Shingo Nakamoto Shuang Wu Masato Nakamura Xia Jiang Yuki Haga Reina Sasaki Osamu Yokosuka Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Inohana Chuo-ku Chiba Japan

Hepatitis A virus (hav) infection is a major cause of acute hepatitis and occasionally leads to acute liver failure in both developing and developed countries.Although effective vaccines for hav are available,the development of new antivirals against hav may be important for the control of hav infection in developed countries where no universal vaccination program against hav exists,such as Japan.There are two forms of antiviral agents against hav:direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and host-targeting agents (HTAs).Studies using small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) have suggested that the hav internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) is an attractive target for the control of hav replication and infection.Among the HTAs,amantadine and interferon-lambda 1 (IL-29) inhibit hav IRES-mediated translation and hav replication.Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors inhibit La protein expression,hav IRES activity,and hav replication.Based on this review,both DAAs and HTAs may be needed to control effectively hav infection,and their use should continue to be explored.

关键词： Amantadine DAA hav HTA La protein Drug overview

Hepatitis E virus-related acute liver failure associated with pure red cell aplasia

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第5期10卷 557-558页

作者： Chen Li Hui-Fen Wang Department of Liver Failure Treatment and Research Center 302 Hospital of PLABeijingChina

The Editor welcomes submissions for possible publication in the Letters to the Editor section. Letters commenting on an article published in the Journal or other interesting pieces will be considered if they are received within 6 weeks of the time the article was published. Authors of the article being commented on will be given an opportunity to offer a timely response to the letter. Authors of letters will be notified that the letter has been received. Unpublished letters cannot be returned.

关键词： cell TBIL Hepatitis E virus-related acute liver failure associated with pure red cell aplasia PRCA IgM RBC hav HEV GGT AST WBC

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Superinfection of hepatitis E Virus as a cause of decompensation in liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis B virus

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第2期2卷 54-57页

作者： Manisha Jain Anita Chakravarti P Kar Mbbs Md Department of Microbiology Maulana Azad Medical College Department of Medicine Lok Nayak and Associated HospitalsNew Delhi-110019India

Objevtive:Super infection with hepatitis A virus(hav ) and hepatitis E virus(HEV ) in the presence of underlying hepatocellular injury can cause severe illness.In endemic areas such as India,however most patients already have been exposed to hav but could still be susceptible to HEV infection.In our study we determined the seroprevalence of anti-hav IgM and anti-HEV IgM to assess the incidence of superinfection with these viruses in cirrhotic patients with the goal of defining the need for protection against these viruses and further correlate the presence of these viruses with the clinical course.Methods:We studied 53 patients of cirrhosis as a result of Hepatitis B virus.Apparent causes of decompensation were ruled out before their inclusion in the study group.Serum sample from these patients was tested for HBsAg,anti HBc IgG,anti HEV IgM and anti hav IgG and IgM by commercially available ELISA kit.Liver function test was done on all the patients and correlated with various serological markers.Results:anti HBc IgG was present in all the cases of cirrhosis. Hepatitis B surface antigen was present in 20 out of 53 cases of cirrhosis.None of the patients demonstrated anti-hav IgM,however one patient had anti-HEV IgM.Conclusion:Superinfection with hav in adult patient is uncommon in India.Prevalence of acute HEV infection in decompensated cirrhosis is low in the present study but presence of HEV superinfection in one patient corroborates the apprehension of liver function deterioration following superinfection with HEV virus.

关键词： HEV hav Superinfection Liver cirrhosis

Role of Disinfection in Food Industry

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食品科学 2006年第11期27卷 159-163页

作者： G Sansebastiano R Zoni R Zanelli L Bigliardi Department of Public Health Section of Hygiene University of ParmaItaly

At present microbiological risk are still the most frequent in the food industry and the disinfection is one of the procedures that can be carried out in the general prevention of foodborne infectious diseases. In the industrial process of food transformation the cleaning and disinfection procedures of surfaces and machinery have to be considered an integrate system with food production,a technological aspect that surely affects the finished product quality and safety. First of all to carry out properly these operations it is necessary that the factory and the equipment have been designed and constructed with high standard of hygiene to reduce the risk of contamination and to facilitate the sanitation. The procedures involve several stages which generally include pre-washing with water,cleaning,real disinfection,and a final rinsing with water. In order to assure a right disinfections of surfaces areas and of processing equipment the choice of disinfectant takes on particular importance. Some of the most widely used disinfectants include the hypochlorous acid,the chlorine dioxide and the peroxides like peracetic acid; the latter is widely used in soft drink and mineral water industries. The efficiency of these chemical agents depends on various factors as pH,temperature and the presence of organic substances with which the disinfectants can react to give by-products which can reduce the activity and can present toxicity. The use of hypochlorite may led to the formation of carcinogenic substance such as trialomethanes (THM) while the use of chlorine dioxide may lead to the formation of chlorites and chlorates. The peracetic acid is a good alternative compounds and it doesn’t lead to the formation of carcinogenic by-products. In our researches we evaluated the effectiveness of peracetic acid to inactivate some resistant micro-organism like hepatitis A virus; our results show that in practical application in CIP (cleaning in place) it’s necessary to use concentration of 600～1300mg/L of peracetic acid for 15～ 30min of

关键词： food industry disinfection peracetic acid hav

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SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLUME 15

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2002年第4期15卷 358-364页

A novel process for production of hepatitis A virus in Vero cells grown on microcarriers in bioreactor

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第17期10卷 2571-2573页

作者： Ming-BoSun Yan-JunJiang Wei-DongLi Ping-ZhongLi Guo-LiangLi Shu-DeJiang Guo-YangLiao InstituteofMedicalBiology ChineseAcademyofMedicalSciencesPekingUnionMedicalCollegeKunming650118YunnanProvinceChina

AIM: To develop a novel process for production of hav in Vero cells grown on microcarriers in a bioreactor.METHODS: Vero cells infected with hav strain W were seeded at an initial density of 1×10^5 cells/mL into a 7-L bioreactor containing Cytodex-I microcarriers. During the stage of cell proliferation, the following conditions were applied: pH 7.2±0.2, temperature 37±0.2℃, dissolved oxygen 40% of air saturation and agitation rate 40 r/min.After the stage of virus culture started, the culture conditions were altered to pH 7.2±0.2, temperature 35±0.2℃,dissolved oxygen 25% of air saturation, agitation rate 50 r/min and perfusion of fresh medium at a flux of 20 mL/h. During the course of fermentation, cell density, hav antigen titre,glucose, lactate and ammonia levels were monitored. A control experiment using conventional static culture was conducted in the T150 flask.RESULTS: After a 28-d cultivation, cell density increased to 14.0×10^5 cells/mL in the bioreactor, 5.6×10^9 viable cells and 4 000 mL virus suspension with a titre of 1:64 were harvested.The viral antigen output per cell unit in the bioreactor was 3-fold higher than that in the T150 flask. Meanwhile the metabolic mode of Vero cells did not change after the infection with HAY strain W.CONCLUSION: The process for production of hav in Vero cells grown on microcarriers in a bioreactor is a novel,efficient and practical way to obtain virus antigen for vaccine purpose. This approach produces more cells and hav antigen than the conventional static culture. With futher improvement, it is possible to be used for the production of hepatitis A vaccine.

关键词：肝炎活动性 Vero细胞细胞生长微量生物反应 hav 发酵作用

Variations and reconstruction of the hepatic artery in liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2006年第2期5卷 170-172页

作者： Xiao Xu and Shu-Sen Zheng Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China

Any surgical refinement and innovation is certain to improve the long-term survival of recipients following liver transplantation. In the past de- cade, the shortage or donor organs has prompted us to use partial liver graft in split liver transplantation and living donor liver transplantation. As an anatomic problem in a successful transplantation, which actually is beyond the category of anatomy, the variations and reconstruction of hepatic vasculatures have drawn much attention of surgeons.

关键词： hav

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Monitoring the Hepatitis A Virus in Oyster from Korea

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Advances in Microbiology 2015年第13期5卷 825-831页

作者： Sanghun Park Hyowon Jeong Jihun Jung Kyungsik Kim Sungkyu Park Musang Kim Yeonsun Kim Younghee Oh Kweon Jung Infectious Disease Research Division Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment Gwacheon-si Korea Department of Public Health Graduate School Dankook University Seoul Korea

Hepatitis A virus (hav) causes many cases of oyster- or clam-associated gastroenteritis in various countries. hav was detected on oyster by RT-PCR in 19.6% (11/56) in Korea. The percentages of hav-positive samples in 2011 and 2012 were 27.6% and 11.1%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that several nucleotide sequences highly similar to those of havs isolated in this study. Phylogenetic analysis of the coding regions of the viral protein VP4/VP2 revealed that all amplicons were classi?ed into IA genogroup. It will provide useful data that aids in our understanding circulating havs and may contribute to future control.

关键词： hav Oyster IA Genogroup