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gully erosion spatial modelling: Role of machine learning algorithms in selection of the best controlling factors and modelling process

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第6期11卷 2207-2219页

作者： Hamid Reza Pourghasemi Nitheshnirmal Sadhasivam Narges Kariminejad Adrian L.Collins Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering College of AgricultureShiraz UniversityShirazIran Department of Geography School of Earth ScienceBharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli620024Tamil NaduIndia Department of Watershed and Arid Zone Management Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesGorganIran Sustainable Agriculture Sciences Rothamsted ResearchNorth WykeOkehamptonDevonEX202SBUK

This investigation assessed the efficacy of 10 widely used machine learning algorithms(MLA)comprising the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO),generalized linear model(GLM),stepwise generalized linear model(SGLM),elastic net(ENET),partial least square(PLS),ridge regression,support vector machine(SVM),classification and regression trees(CART),bagged CART,and random forest(RF)for gully erosion susceptibility mapping(GESM)in *** location of 462 previously existing gully erosion sites were mapped through widespread field investigations,of which 70%(323)and 30%(139)of observations were arbitrarily divided for algorithm calibration and *** controlling factors for gully erosion,namely,soil texture,annual mean rainfall,digital elevation model(DEM),drainage density,slope,lithology,topographic wetness index(TWI),distance from rivers,aspect,distance from roads,plan curvature,and profile curvature were ranked in terms of their importance using each *** MLA were compared using a training dataset for gully erosion and statistical measures such as RMSE(root mean square error),MAE(mean absolute error),and *** on the comparisons among MLA,the RF algorithm exhibited the minimum RMSE and MAE and the maximum value of R-squared,and was therefore selected as the best *** variable importance evaluation using the RF model revealed that distance from rivers had the highest significance in influencing the occurrence of gully erosion whereas plan curvature had the least *** to the GESM generated using RF,most of the study area is predicted to have a low(53.72%)or moderate(29.65%)susceptibility to gully erosion,whereas only a small area is identified to have a high(12.56%)or very high(4.07%)*** outcome generated by RF model is validated using the ROC(Receiver Operating Characteristics)curve approach,which returned an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.985,proving the excellent forecasting ability of the model

关键词： Machine learning algorithm gully erosion Random forest Controlling factors Variable importance

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Assessment of gully erosion susceptibility using different DEM-derived topographic factors in the black soil region of Northeast China

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第1期11卷 97-111页

作者： Donghao Huang Lin Su Lili Zhou Yulu Tian Haoming Fan College of Water Conservancy Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang110866China College of Forestry Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang110866China Key Laboratory of Soil erosion Control and Ecological Restoration in Liaoning ProvinceShenyang110866China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northwest UniversityXi'an710127China

As a primary sediment source,gully erosion leads to severe land degradation and poses a threat to food and ecological ***,identification of susceptible areas is critical to the prevention and control of gully *** study aimed to identify areas prone to gully erosion using four machine learning methods with derived topographic *** topographic attributes(elevation,slope aspect,slope degree,catchment area,plan curvature,profile curvature,stream power index,and topo-graphic wetness index)were derived as feature variables controlling gully occurrence from digital elevation models with four different pixel sizes(5.0 m,12.5 m,20.0 m,and 30.0 m).A gully inventory map of a small agricultural catchment in Heilongjiang,China,was prepared through a combination of field surveys and satellite *** topographic attribute dataset was randomly divided into two portions of 70%and 30%for calibrating and validating four machine learning methods,namely random forest(RF),support vector machines(SVM),artificial neural network(ANN),and generalized linear models(GLM).Accuracy(ACC),area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),root mean square error(RMSE),and mean absolute error(MAE)were calculated to assess the performance of the four machine learning methods in predicting spatial distribution of gully erosion susceptibility(GES).The results suggested that the selected topographic attributes were capable of predicting GES in the study catchment area.A pixel size of 20.0 m was optimal for all four machine learning *** RF method described the spatial relationship between the feature variables and gully occurrence with the greatest accuracy,as it returned the highest values of ACC(0.917)and AUC(0.905)at a 20.0 m *** RF was also the least sensitive to resolutions,followed by SVM(ACC=0.781-0.891,AUC=0.724-0.861)and ANN(ACC=0.744-0.808,AUC=0.649-0.847).GLM performed poorly in this study(ACC=0.693-0.757,AUC=0.608-0.703).Ba

关键词： gully erosion Machine learningmethods Topographicattribute Pixel size Northeast China

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Historical evolution of gully erosion and its response to land use change during 1968–2018 in the Mollisol region of Northeast China

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第2期12卷 388-402页

作者： Shengmin Zhang Mingming Guo Xin Liu Zhuoxin Chen Xingyi Zhang Jinzhong Xu Xing Han College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun130118JilinPR China State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of Sciences150081HarbinPR China Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation Ministry of EducationJilin Agricultural University130118ChangchunJilinPR China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Heilongjiang Province Hydraulic Research InstituteHarbin150080China

gully erosion is one of the most severe types of land degradation,hindering food production and sustainable agricultural ***,the historical evolution process and the impact of land use change on gully erosion remain *** address this issue,we conducted a field investigation on gully erosion in 2018 and interpreted land use and gullies using historical remote sensing images in 1968 and 1978 over an area of 84.48 km^(2).The study found that from 1968 to 1978 to 2018,all gully morphological parameters including gully length density and gully areal density increased *** main origin of gully erosion found was from dry *** annual soil loss rate induced by gully erosion was 1.46 mm during 1968–*** erosion rates were higher during 1968–1978 than during 1978–***,the length,areal and volumetric erosion rates in gullies formed by multiple gullies merging was greater than that of newly formed gullies(NFG)and gullies developing continuously from a single pre-existing gully,while the widening rate of NFG was *** susceptibility of land use types to gully erosion was in the order of woodlandgully area was 871.09 m^(2) km^(-2) year^(-1) for parcels that were converted from woodland to dry farmland,which was 5.56 times and 1.78 times greater than that of woodland and dry farmland maintenance,***,urgent implementation of ecological land use plans and gully erosion control practices is suggested for this region.

关键词： gully erosion Land use change gully morphology evolution gully erosion intensity Northeast China

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Effects of gully erosion and gully Filling on Soil Degradation in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第5期10卷 913-922页

作者： TANG Wen-jian LIU Hong-hu LIU Bao-yuan College of Hydrology and Water Resources Hohai University Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Changjiang Water Resources Commission State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology School of GeographyBeijing Normal University

gully erosion has caused soil degradation and even reduced soil productivity. However, only few studies on the effects of gully erosion and artificial controlling measures on soil degradation in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China are available. Thus, this study explores the relationships between gully erosion, gully filling and soil parameters. Two sets of soil samples were collected in the field at：（1） 72 sample points in the gully erosion study area, 60 sample points in the ephemeral and classical gully erosion area （3,518 m2）, 12 sample points in the deposition zone （443 m2）, （2）1o reference points along a slope unaffected by gully erosion representing the original situation before the gully was formed. All soil samples were analyzed for gravel content （GC）, soil organic matter （SOM）, total nitrogen （TN）, available nitrogen （AN）, available phosphorus （AP）, and available potassium （AK）. The soil property values on unaffected slope were fitted by the polynomial curves as the reference values in no gully erosion area. The interpolated soil property values in gully eroded study area were compared with these polynomial curves, respectively, and then, changes of soil property values were analyzed. gully erosion caused an increase in GC and a decrease in SOM, TN, AN, AP and AK. The change of GC, SOM, TN, AN, AP, AK was 8.8%, -9.04 g kg-1, -0.92 g kg-1, -62.28 mg kg-1, -29.61 mg kg% -79.68 mg kg-1. The soil property values in the study area were below optimal values. Thus, we concluded that gully erosion and gully filling caused both on-site and off-site soil degradation. Soil degradation area was 0.65 % of the cultivated land. In addition, it was proved that gully filling were an improper soil and water conservation measure, which seems to exacerbate the problem. Thus, it is suggested that soil where soil is deep is moved to fill the gully, and then the area around the filled gullies should be covered by grass for preventing the formation and development of the g

关键词： Deposition zone gully erosion Ephemeral gully Classical gully Soil nutrients gullyfilling

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Remote gully erosion Mapping Using ASTER Data and Geomorphologic Analysis in the Main Ethiopian Rift

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2011年第4期14卷 246-254页

作者： Moncef Bouaziz Arief Wijaya Richard Gloaguen Remote Sensing Group Institut für GeologieTU Bergakademie Freiberg Laboratoire 3E(AD‐10‐02) Ecole National d'Ingénieurs de Sfax Faculty of Agricultural Technology Gadjah Mada University

The Main Ethiopian Rift(MER)is an area of extreme topography underlain by post-Miocene volcanic rocks,Jurassic limestone and a Precambrian basement.A prime concern is the rapid expansion of wide gullies that are impinging on agricultural *** investigate the potential contribution of Advanced Space-borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer(ASTER)data and geomorphologic parameters to discern patterns and features of gully erosion in the *** Likelihood Classifica-tion(MLC),Support Vector Machine(SVM),and Minimum Distance(MD)classifiers are used to extract different gully shapes and *** spatial textures based on Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrices(GLCMs)are then ***,the same classifiers are applied to the ASTER data combined with the spatial texture *** used geomorphologic parameters ex-tracted from SRTM and ASTER DEMs to describe the geomorphologic setting and the gullies' *** classifications show accuracies varying between 67% and 89%.Maps derived from this quantitative analysis allow the monitoring and mapping of land degradation as a direct result of *** study reveals the utility of combining ASTER data and spatial textural infor-mation in discerning areas affected by gully erosion.

关键词： remote sensing gully erosion texture ASTER data

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Cause Analysis of gully erosion in Yuanmou Basin of Jinshajiang Valley

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2008年第3期13卷 343-349页

作者： FAN Jianrong TIAN Bingwei YAN Dong Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Surface Process Chinese Academy of Sciences / Institute of Mountain Hazards andEnvironment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041Sichuan China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Some factors （i.e. lithology, topography, climate, the change of population as well as land use during the past 50 years） that could have great influence on the development of gully in the arid-hot basin of Jinshajiang valley were investigated. The results show that the factors leading to the strong gully erosion in this area include： the widely distributed Yuanmou group stratum, which promotes the development of gully erosion; the unique geomorphologic configuration that is prone to rock fall and gully erosion; the strong and time-concentrated rainfall; the arid-humid alternate climate characteristics that prepares the ground for the development of fissures in soils; the arid-hot climate that goes against the growth and recovery of vegetation; and the unreasonable and abusive human activities.

关键词： lower reaches of Jinshajiang River arid-hot valley gully erosion cause analysis

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gully erosion Study and Control： A Case Study of Queen Ede gully in Benin City

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2013年第10期7卷 1267-1278页

作者： Jacob O. Ehiorobo Roland O. Ogirigbo Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Benin Benin 300283 Nigeria

This paper presents findings from studies carried out on the Queen Ede gully erosion site in Benin City, in the south-southern zone of Nigeria. The studies involved detailed topographical, geotechnical, meteorological and hydrological data acquisition. The data were processed and analyzed to determine catchment size, gully morphology, soil characteristics, rainfall pattern and hydrological pattern. These were then interpreted and used to determine the method of control to be adopted. The adopted control measures is a combination of structural and non-structural methods. The structural method involved the use of gully control structures to divert the runoff entering the gully from the head, while the non-structural method involved the use of boulders and vegetation to stabilize the gully walls around the head region.

关键词： Queen Ede gully gully erosion catchment control structures.

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The characteristics of gully erosion over rolling hilly black soil areas of Northeast China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2009年第3期19卷 309-320页

作者：胡刚伍永秋刘宝元张永光游智敏于章涛 School of City Development University of Jinan State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University College of Geography and Remote Sensing Beijing Normal University

In this study,short-term gully retreat was monitored from the active gullies selected in representative black soil area,using differential global positioning system(GPS).With the support of geographic information system(GIS),multi-temporal digital elevation models(DEM) were constructed from the data collected by GPS and used for further *** on the analysis of multi-temporal DEM,we discussed the erosion-deposition characteristics within gully and a developing model for black soil gully area of Northeast China was *** results are:(1) The analysis of the monitored gully data in 2004 indicated that the retreat of gully head reached more than 10 m,gully area extended 170-400 m2,net gully eroded volume 220-320 m3,and gully erosion modulus 2200-4800 t?km?2?a?1.(2) Compared with the mature gully the initial gully grows rapidly,and its erosion parameters are relatively *** erosion parameters have not only to do with flow energy,but also with the growth phase.(3) There are significant seasonal differences in gully erosion *** extension of gully area and width dominates in winter and spring without marked net erosion while changes mainly occur in gully head and net erosion in rainy season.(4) It is remarkable for freeze-thaw erosion in the black soil area of NE *** gully wall of SG2 extended 0.45 m under freeze-thaw effect in 2004,and the distance of gully head retreated maximally 6.4 m.(5) Due to freeze-thaw action and snowmelt,gully is primarily in the interior adjustment process in winter and early *** are much more depositions compared with that during rainy season,which can almost happen throughout the gully,while erosion mostly occurs near head,*** gullies having a relatively long history of *** the other hand,the process of energy exchange with exterior dominates in rainy *** is considered that this cyclic process is an important mechanism for gully growth in high latitude or/and high attitude regi

关键词： rolling hilly black soil areas gully erosion digital terrain model global positioning system

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Basin Groundwater Recharge and Discharge in the gully erosion Prone Areas of Anambra, Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2011年第7期5卷 925-930页

作者： E.I. Okoro B.C.E. Egboka E.I. Okpoko O.L. Anike E.K. Enekwechi Environmental Geochemistry Division National Geophysical Research Institute Hyderabad 500007 India Department of Geological Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka 420281 Nigeria Geology Department Faculty of Natural Sciences Anambra State University Uli 431124 Nigeria Works Department Federal Polytechnic Oko 423117 Nigeria

Anambra State of Nigeria is ravaged by ecological hazards of gully erosion and landslides. Over 450 active gully and landslide sites with depths ranging from 5 m to over 120 m are concentrated on both sides of the Awka-Nanka-Umuchu-Orlu cuesta. The Idemili River and Odo River form the major drainage basins of the area. The geomorphic characteristic of the cuesta/escarpment is a major controlling factor in groundwater recharge and discharge within the drainage basins. Rise in aquifer levels result in hydrogeotechnical implications of gully development and landslides. The calculated values of hydraulic properties of conductivity and transmissivity range from 1.20×10^-1 to 5.93×10^-1 cm/s and 1.15×10^5-13.05×10.3 m^2/s respectively. The values of groundwater velocity and groundwater discharge were 82 *** and 2.96×10^6 m^*** The plasticity index of the soil in the gully prone areas is relatively low ranging from 12.50-36.57%. The unique features of the geologic formations together with obtained aquifer characteristics favour gully/landslide hazards in the area.

关键词： Groundwater recharge/discharge drainage basin gully erosion landslides.

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A SIMPLE DEVICE TO MONITOR SEDIMENT YIELD FROM gully erosion

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2005年第3期20卷 90-94页

作者： Antonio Jose Teixeira GUERRA,Marcos FIGUEIREDO Senior Lecturer in Physical Geography Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Av. Canal de Marapendi 1100 apto. 608 Bloco 2 Barra da Tijuca-CEP Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 22.631-050 Brazil Lecturer in Physical Geography State University of Mato Grosso

The focus of this paper is the design and use of a simple device to determine sediment yield from gullies. The simplicity and low cost makes this device especially useful when resources are limited. In this study, it was used to measure sediment yield at a site called An?o gully, in a study area in Cáceres municipality (15o 57’ S and 57o 31’ W, Mato Grosso State, Brazil). This gully is located 28 kilometres from the center of the town, Cáceres, and was easy to reach during and immediately after storm events to make measurements with this device.

关键词： gully erosion Sediment yield gully monitoring Simple device

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