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Potential quality evaluation approach for the absolute growth years’ wild and transplanted Astragali Radix based on anti-heart failure efficacy

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2020年第6期18卷 460-471页

作者： LI Ke ZHANG Rui LI Shu-Ying LIU Yue-Tao LI Ai-Ping LIU Xiao-Jie DU Guan-Hua QIN Xue-Mei Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering Ministry Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China

The quality of Astragali Radix(AR) was closely related to the growth period. However, the current commodity grades of AR were only divided by diameter but not directly related to the growth period, which leads to the contradiction between the grade standard and the quality evaluation index. Therefore, solving this problem will be the key for the quality evaluation of AR. The present study established a potential quality evaluation approach for the absolute growth years’ wild Astragali Radix(WAR) and transplanted Astragali Radix(TAR) based on the chemical components and anti-heart failure efficacy through adopting a bare-handed sections approach to rapidly identify the growth years of WAR. In this study, the absolute growth years of WAR were obtained by identifying the growth rings of 1–6 growth years root through the methods. The contents of flavonoids and saponins in 2–6 growth years’ WAR were determined by HPLC-UV-ELSD. The contents of 12 chemical components and the anti-fatigue failure effects of WAR(4-year-old)and TAR were compared on rat models of heart failure induced by doxorubicin. Meanwhile, NMR-based untargeted metabolomics studies were performed to investigate the regulative effects of WAR and TAR. The result shows that the numbers of growth rings were consistent with the actual growth periods of AR. The HPLC-UV-ELSD determination indicated that the content of total flavonoids in WAR was significantly higher than that in TAR. Pharmacodynamics analysis revealed that the effects of WAR on cardiac function parameters(EF, FS and LVIDs), contents of serum CK and BNP were superior to those of TAR. 13 metabolites of heart were identified that had a higher rate of change in WAR group than TAR. Overall, a rapid identification method for the growth years of WAR was established, and the fact that WAR were significantly better than TAR in the heart failure rats was first proved in the paper. This study provided a scientific basis for establishing a novel commodity sp

关键词： Astragali Radix growth rings Chemical analysis Anti-heart failure

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Protophyllocladoxylon jingyuanense ***.,a Gymnospermous Wood of the Serpukhovian(Late Mississippian) from Gansu,Northwest China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第2期84卷 257-268页

作者： ZHANG Yi WANG Jun LIU Lujun LI Nan Paleontological Institute of Shenyang Normal University Shenyang 110034 China Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Shenzhen Fair Lake Botanical Garden Shenzhen 518004 China

A new species of gymnospermous fossil wood, Protophyllocladoxylon jingyuanense sp. nov., is described from the lower part of the Tsingyuan Formation （Serpukhovian/Late Mississippian）, near the coal mine of Ciyao, Gansu, northwestern China. The specimen is preserved only in silicified secondary xylem, while growth rings are absent. Pits in radial tracheidal walls are araucaroid in type, uniseriate, occasionally biseriate. Xylem rays are homogeneous, uniseriate, occasionally biseriate. Cross-field pits are simple, large, one to two in number. Axial parenchyma is absent. The anatomical characters and geographic distribution of Protophyllocladoxylon woods through geological ages are documented. Those species with axial parenchyma and without growth rings live in warm climate, whereas the species without axial parenchyma and with growth rings are present either in warm or cool climate. The ideal living climate for Protophyllocladoxylon woods is warm and wet. Our new species, as a fossil wood of Early Carboniferous, is likely the earliest known species of Protophyllocladoxylon.

关键词： Protophyllocladoxylonjingyuanense growth rings axial parenchyma climate,

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The growth Pattern of <i>Chamaecyparis obtuse</i>Stand along Longevity in Gyeongnam Province, South Korea

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Open Journal of Forestry 2020年第4期10卷 377-387页

作者： Moon Hyun Shik Tamirat Solomon Department of Forest Environmental Resources Institute of Agriculture and Life Science Gyeongsang National University Jinju South Korea Department of Natural Resources Management College of Agriculture Wolaita Sodo University Wolaita Sodo Ethiopia

Tree growth is affected by environmental factors, climate condition and tree age. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth patterns of Chamaecyparis obtusa (C. obtusa) stand in the Gyeongnam province. Data was collected from two cities and one county by using sample quadrats of 20 * 20 m. A total of 11 quadrats were used to collect tree height, diameter at the breast height (DBH), annual growth rings and soil data. The data analysis of soil moisture content, pH, organic matter (%), EC (cmol + /kg of soil), and available phosphorous was conducted. Growth ring was analyzed by using computer based software and the ages of the trees were identified. Average growth of height and DBH was computed from the surveyed data and annual growth of each tree was assessed by computer based reading of annual growth rings. The results of the study revealed that tree growth showed a reducing trend along the longevity. It was identified that soil pH, age, variation in annual average temperature, and altitude were the main factors related with growth of C. obtusa trees along the life of the stand.

关键词： growth Pattern Soil Properties Longevity Climate Change growth rings

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