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Characteristics of life-form and growth-form of plant species in an alpine ecosystem of North-West Himalaya

Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第4期22卷 501-506页

作者： R. K. Vashistha Neelam Rawat A. K. Chaturvedi B. P. Nautiyal P. Prasad M. C. Nautiyal High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre PO Box - 14 Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University Srinagar(A Central University) Srinagar-246174 Uttarakhand India High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre PO Box - 14 Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University Srinagar (A Central University) Srinagar-246174 Uttarakhand India Department of Horticulture Aromatic and Medicinal Plants (HAMP) School of Earth Science and Natural Resources Management Mizoram University Tanhril-796 004 Aizawl India

The present study was conducted in the alpine pastures of Tungnath （30° 14＇ N and 79° 13＇ E） to observe life-form and growth-form patterns of alpine plant species under grazed and ungrazed conditions and to work out the plant life form spectrum. Species were categorized as plant habit, height and length of growth-cycle and life-form classes according to Raunkiaer＇s system. The results show that in total of 68 species at grazed site, hemicryptophytes （He） accounted for 50.00% species, followed by cryptophytes （26.47%）, chamaephytes （16.18%）, phanemphytes （4.41%） and therophytes （2.94%）. At the ungrazed site in 65 plant species, hemicryptophytes （He） accounted fo＇r 49.23% species, cryptophytes （26.15%）, chamaephytes （15.38%）, phanerophytes （6.15%） and ther6phytes （3.08 % species）. In general, hemicrptophyte are dominant^in both sites i.e. graged and ungrazed. growth form categories were classified as forbs, shrubs, grasses and sedges＇and undershrubs, according to plant habit and height. On the basis of length of the growth cycle, species were categorized as plant species of short growth cycle, intermediate growth cycle and long growth cycle. The short forbs of plant habit and height, had the highest emergence, and grasses and sedges had the lowest emergence in representative species. Percentage of species with long growth cycle was highest in both sites.

关键词： Alpine biological spectrum growth form Himalaya life

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Patterns and drivers of plant sexual systems in the dry-hot valley region of southwestern China

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 158-168页

作者： Rong Ma Qi Xu Yongqian Gao Deli Peng Hang Sun Bo Song State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops/Yunnan Key Laboratory for Integrative Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China College of Life Sciences Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710119China Yunnan Forestry Technological College Kunming 650224China School of Life Science/Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment Yunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650500YunnanChina

Sexual systems play important roles in angiosperm evolution and exhibit substantial variations among different floras. Thus, studying their evolution in a whole flora is crucial for understanding the formation and maintenance of plant biodiversity and predicting its responses to environmental change. In this study, we determined the patterns of plant sexual systems and their associations with geographic elements and various life-history traits in dry-hot valley region of southwestern China, an extremely vulnerable ecosystem. Of the 3166 angiosperm species recorded in this area, 74.5% were hermaphroditic,13.5% were monoecious and 12% were dioecious, showing a high incidence of diclinous species. Diclinous species were strongly associated with tropical elements, whereas hermaphroditic species were strongly associated with temperate and cosmopolitan elements. We also found that hermaphroditism was strongly associated with showy floral displays, specialist entomophily, dry fruits and herbaceous *** was strongly associated with inconspicuous, pale-colored flowers, generalist entomophily, fleshy fruits, and woody plants, whereas monoecy was strongly associated with inconspicuous, pale-colored flowers, anemophily, dry fruits, and herbaceous plants. In addition, hermaphroditic species with generalist entomophily tended to flower in the dry season, whereas diclinous species with specialist entomophily tended to flower in the rainy season. However, independent of sexual systems, plants that produce dry fruits tended to flower in the rainy season and set fruits in the dry season, but the opposite pattern was found for fleshy fruit-producing plants. Our results suggest that in the dry-hot valleys, plant sexual systems are associated with geographic elements as well as various life-history traits that are sensitive to environmental change.

关键词： Floral traits Fruit type growth form Pollination system Reproductive phenology

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Short wind pulses consistently change the morphology of roots,but not of shoots,across young plants of different growth forms

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Stress Biology 2023年第1期3卷 468-476页

作者： Johannes Heinze Luise Werger Michael Ogden Thilo Heinken Rainer Hoefgen Ewald Weber Institute of Biochemistry and Biology Biodiversity Research and Systematic BotanyUniversity of PotsdamMaulbeerallee 1Potsdam 14469Germany Heinz Sielmann Foundation Dyrotzer Ring 4Wustermark(OT Elstal)14641Germany Department of Molecular Physiology Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant PhysiologyAm Mühlenberg 1Potsdam-Golm 14476Germany School of Biosciences University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia Institute of Biochemistry and Biology General BotanyUniversity of PotsdamMaulbeerallee 3Potsdam 14469Germany

Wind is an environmental stimulus that stresses plants of all growth forms at all life-stages by influencing the development,architecture,and morphology of roots and ***,comparative studies are scarce and no study directly investigated whether shoot and root morphological traits of trees,grasses and forbs differ in their response to short wind pulses of different wind *** this study,we found that across species,wind stress by short wind pulses of increasing intensity consistently changed root morphology,but did not affect shoot morphological traits,except plant height in four *** effects in roots were generally weak in tree species but consistent across growth ***,plant height of species was correlated with changes in specific root length and average *** results indicate that short-pulse wind treatments affect root morphology more than shoot morphology across growth *** further suggest that wind stress possibly promotes root anchorage in young plants and that these effects might depend on plant height.

关键词： Wind stress Leaf traits Root traits growth form Morphology

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第4期91卷 811-825页

作者： Cunyang Niu Wenkai Shou Li Ma Jianqiang Qian Department of Ecology College of ForestryHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450002China

Urban trees are sensitive to extreme weather events under climate ***-thaw induced hydraulic failure could induce urban tree dieback and nullify the services they *** height is a simple but significant trait for plant ecological *** how urban trees with different heights adapt to freeze-thaw stress is increasingly important under climate *** investigated the relationship between tree height and stem hydraulic functional traits of six common urban tree species in North China to explore tree height-related hydraulic strategies to cope with freeze-thaw *** showed that tall trees had wider vessels,higher hydraulic conductivity,more winter embolism,but lower vessel and wood *** relationships were found between tree height and vessel diameter,hydraulic conductivity,and freeze-thaw induced embolism,and negative relationships were found between tree height and vessel and wood densities,which implied that short trees employ more conservative ecological strategies than tall *** and short tree species were well separated by multiple stem hydraulic functional traits;this is consistent with the fact that tall and short trees occupy different niches and indicates that different hydraulic strategies for freeze-thaw stress exist between *** trees might face more pressure to survive under extreme cold weather caused by climate change in the ***,more attention should be paid to tall urban tree management in North China to cope with extreme cold weather.

关键词： growth form height vessel size hydraulic conductivity freeze-thaw events

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Natural regeneration of oriental beech(Fagus orientalis Lipsky)trees in canopy gaps and under closed canopy in a forest in northern Iran

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第4期29卷 1065-1071页

作者： Nasrin Nasiri Mohammad R.Marvie Mohadjer Vahid Etemad Kiomars Sefidi Leila Mohammadi Maryam Gharehaghaji Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Tehran Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Technology University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Department of Biological Science Ecology and Evolution GroupUniversity of Illinois at Chicago

For developing nature-based silvicultural practices in a beech forest to promote, abundance, height, vitality, and preferred growth form, regenerated trees growing in gaps were compared with those under closed canopies. A systematic 50 ×50 m grid was plotted in a beech stand in the Kheyrud Experimental Forest for selecting trees to measure variables in gaps and under closed canopies. Abundance and mean height of regenerated beech trees were significantly higher in closed canopies than in canopy gaps. Beech seedlings with excurrent growth were significantly taller within regeneration patches under closed canopy. Moreover, regenerated trees with high vitality were more abundant in closed canopy areas than in gaps. Thus, beech regeneration should improve under closed canopies; hence, gaps in a near natural forest should be created only after adequate regeneration and appropriate growth under the parent tree in a closed canopy area is ensured. The results of this research have profound implications for the sustainable management of the forest and for ensuring sustainable beech regeneration. The presence of a closed canopy cover likely will reduce potential stresses on oriental beech regeneration.

关键词： Closed canopy Canopy gap growth form Vitality Beech

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Altitudinal patterns of maximum plant height on the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第1期11卷 85-91页

作者： Lingfeng Mao Shengbin Chen Jinlong Zhang Guangsheng Zhou Department of Renewable Resources University of Albertac/o 2-60 University TerraceEdmontonAlberta T6G 2H1Canada Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Environmental Protection8 JiangwangmiaoNanjing 210042China College of Environment and Civil Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyDongsanluErxianqiaoChengdu 610059China Flora Conservation Department Kadoorie Farm and Botanic GardenLam Kam RoadTai PoNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences 46 Zhongguancun Nandajie StreetBeijing 100081China

Aims Several studies have shown that plant height changes along environmen-tal ***,altitudinal patterns of plant height across species are still unclear,especially in regions sensitive to climate *** canopy height decreases dramatically near the tree line in alpine areas,we hypothesize that plant height across all species also decreases with increasing altitude,and distinct thresholds exist along this *** Using a large dataset of maximum plant height and elevation range(400 to 6000 m a.s.l.)of 4295 angiosperms from the regional flora of the Tibetan Plateau,we regressed plant height for every 100 m belt against elevation to explore the *** identify the approximate boundaries where dramatic changes in plant height occurs for herbaceous plants,shrubs,trees,woody plants and all angiosperms,we used piecewise linear *** independent contrast was used to test the potential evolutionary influences on altitudinal patterns at the family *** Findings Results showed that for herbaceous plants,shrubs,trees,woody plants and all angiosperms,plant height decreases significantly as altitude *** addition,we found that altitude,a proxy for many environmental factors,had obvious thresholds(breakpoints)dictating patterns of plant *** results of phylogenetically independent contrast also emphasized the importance of evolution-ary history in determining the altitudinal patterns of plant height for some growth *** results highlight the relative intense filter-ing effect of environmental factors in shaping patterns of functional traits and how this could vary for different ranges of environmental variables.

关键词： functional traits macroecology growth form phylogenetically independent contrast(PIC) tree line Tibet

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Elevational patterns of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in understory bryophytes on the eastern slope of Gongga Mountain,China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第4期12卷 781-786页

作者： Zhe Wang Chunyan Pi Xiaoming Li Weikai Bao College of Life Sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China

Aims The nutrient uptake,requirement and releasing rates of bryophytes are very different from those of ***,it is diffi-cult to make a quantitative evaluation of bryophytes’roles in nu-trient cycling and their specific eco-physiological adaptations due to lack of knowledge of their concentrations and stoichiometric ratios of carbon(C),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P).To fill this gap,the present study aims to investigate:(i)what are the elevational trends of C,N and P concentrations and stoichiometric ratios of bryophytes?(ii)whether C,N and P concentrations and stoichio-metric ratios of bryophytes differ between different bryophyte types(in terms of the growth form and living substrate)?and(iii)how do the exponent scalings of N and P of bryophytes change along the elevational gradient?Methods We measured and calculated the C,N,P concentrations and stoi-chiometric ratios of bryophytes from four elevations on the eastern slope of Gongga Mountain(22 species in total).Differences in these traits among elevations,and between different bryophyte types were *** log-log allometric regression parameters of N and P at each elevation were also determined and *** Findings The C,N and P concentrations of bryophytes showed decreasing trends with increasing *** specifically,erect bryo-phytes possessed higher C and N concentrations than those of pros-trate species,and terricolous species had higher P concentration than that of corticolous and saxicolous *** from different elevations had an invariant allometric regression slope for P versus *** research at a larger scale is in need for a more generalized law of bryophytes.

关键词： allometric scaling growth form living substrate stoichiometric ratio subalpine

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Does disturbance similarly facilitate weed invasion within grass,forb,and shrub plots?

Does disturbance similarly facilitate weed invasion within g...

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ⅩⅪ International Grassland Congress and the Ⅷ International Rangeland Congress

作者： T.A.Monaco E.D.Leonard USDA-ARS Forage and Range Research Lab.Utah State University Logan

＜正＞Introduction Big sagebrush communities {Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) in the Great Basin have been degraded by the synergistic consequences of chronic disturbance and annual weed invasion（Young and Evans 1978）.Repairing ecosystem function is an overarching goal of restoration efforts,but it remains unclear which species most effectively resist weed invasion and how disturbance mediates weed *** evaluated whether disturbance similarly facilitates invasion in single-species grass, forb,and shrub plots.

关键词： growth form soil resources safe sites Bromus tectorum Isatis tinctoria

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Plant species richness and composition in five evergreen broad-leaved forest fragments in East China

Plant species richness and composition in five evergreen bro...

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浙江省第三届生物多样性保护与可持续发展研讨会

作者： Zhao Gufeng Zhang Yang Li Minghong Yu Mingjian Fu Chengxin ( College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058 College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 320004)

Habitat loss is the primary environmental cause of biodiversity decline at local, regional and global scales. Many researchers have placed emphasis on forest fragmentation. In this study, we investigated five evergree... 详细信息

关键词： evergreen broad-leaved forest forest fragments continuous forest edge effect community structure functional group growth form

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A comparative study of manglicolous lichens and their distribution inside Bhitarkanika National Park(Odisha),India

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Studies in Fungi 2017年第1期2卷 1-13页

作者： Panda M Murthy TVR Samal RN Lele N Patnaik AK Mohan PK Chilika Development Authority Govt.of OdishaIndia Space Application Center(SAC/ISRO) AhmadabadGovt.of India Principal Chief Conservator of Forest(PD OFSDP) Govt.of OdishaIndia Post Graduate Department of Botany Utkal UniversityOdisha

The manglicolous lichens are a specific group of lichens which occur in association with mangrove *** ecosystems have limited accessibility and the lichen study in mangrove forests are less studied and *** present study is the first-time report on lichen diversity,their distribution and its associated host mangrove species at eight different sites within the mangrove forests of Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park(Odisha),*** study recorded a total of 49 lichen species which belongs to 26 genera and 14 *** comparison of growth forms showed presence of 28 species of crustose,18 species of foliose and three species of fruticose type of lichens from the study *** analysis of host mangrove species showed Excoecaria agallocha as the most preferable mangrove species as it housed 38 lichen species on its surface(i.e.,45%crustose,47%foliose,and 8%fruticose).The comparison of growth forms of the total recorded lichen species from Bhitarkanika National Park,resulted 57%species crustose,37%foliose and 6%of fruticose type of *** mangrove species,Avicennia officinalis and lichen of the genus Chrysothrix were found as common to all the study *** Jaccard similarity index study of lichen species between the study sites showed Kalibhanjadiya Island and Habelikhati as more similar in comparison of lichen species composition(i.e.,0.64).The occurrence of foliose and fruticose type of lichens showed the healthy and undisturbed mangrove forest conditions at many sites within Bhitarkanika National Park.

关键词： Bhitarkanika Diversity growth form Host Mangrove Lichens

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