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Exploration on electrical resistance tomography in characterizing the slurry spatial distribution in cemented granular materials

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 365-379页

作者： Bohao WANG Wei WANG Feng JIN Handong TAN Ning LIU Duruo HUANG State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Science and Technology China Three Gorges CorporationBeijing 100038China School of Geophysics and Information Technology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

This study investigated the application of electrical resistance tomography(ERT)in characterizing the slurry spatial distribution in cemented granular materials(CGMs).For CGM formed by self-flow grouting,the voids in the accumulation are only partially filled and the bond strength is often limited,which results in difficulty in obtaining in situ samples for quality evaluation.Therefore,it is usually infeasible to evaluate the grouting effect or monitor the slurry spatial distribution by a mechanical method.In this research,the process of grouting cement paste into high alumina ceramic beads(HACB)accumulation is reliably monitored with ERT.It shows that ERT results can be used to calculate the cement paste volume in the HACB accumulation,based on calibrating the saturation exponent n in Archie’s law.The results support the feasibility of ERT as an imaging tool in CGM characterization and may provide guidance for engineering applications in the future.

关键词： electrical resistance tomography cemented granular material grouting spatial distribution Archie’s law

grouting-induced ground heave and building damage in tunnel construction:A case study of Shenzhen metro

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Underground Space 2022年第6期7卷 1175-1191页

作者： Zonglei Dong Xuemin Zhang Chenxi Tong Xinlei Chen Han Feng Sheng Zhang School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410075China

This paper presents a case study of the grouting-induced ground heave and building damage in the tunnel construction of Shenzhen Metro Line 10,which passes through a crowded urban area with water-rich strata in Shenzhen,the province of Guangdong,China.It was reported that the ground surface heave of up to approximately 500 mm was observed,and the customs building above the tunnels was seriously damaged because of a 200 mm heave.Such a significant heave was closely associated with the advanced curtain grouting adopted in the tunnel construction.To this end,the heave of the ground surface and the displacement and deformation of the customs building were examined.The discrete element method(DEM)was then used to qualitatively analyze the relations between the grouting parameters and the ground disturbance.The results demonstrated that the poor dewatering work in the early stages increased the difficulty of grouting.The grouting materials with high viscosity and large grouting pressure were required for water blocking because of the large amount of confined water in the tunnel,resulting in fracture grouting.The ground was then uplifted due to the large inflow of the slurry and the excess pore water pressure.Finally,the lessons learned from this incident were discussed.The presented case study provides a reference for tunnel construction in urban areas with water-rich strata.

关键词： grouting Ground heave Building damage Field test Numerical simulation

Propagation and sealing efficiency of chemical grouting in a two-dimensional fracture network with flowing water

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2023年第7期33卷 903-917页

作者： Guosheng Zheng Wanghua Sui Gailing Zhang Jiaxing Chen Dingyang Zhang School of Resources and Geosciences Institute of Mine Water Hazards Prevention and Controlling TechnologyChina University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Shandong Provincial Communications Planning and Design Institute Group CO. Ltd.Jinan 250031China National Coal Mine Water Hazard Prevention Engineering Technology Research Center Suzhou 234000China School of Geology and Geomatics Tianjin Chengjian UniversityTianjin 300380China

In this study, an orthogonal array experiment is conducted by using a transparent fracture network replica. Image processing and theoretical analysis are performed to investigate the model sealing efficiency(SE), factors influencing SE, and the effect of flowing water on propagation. The results show that grout propagation can be classified into three patterns in the fracture network: sealing off, partial sealing,and major erosion. The factors controlling the SE in a descending order of the amount of influence are the initial water flow speed, fracture aperture, grout take, and gel time. An optimal value for the combination of the gel time and grout take(artificial factors) can result in a good SE. The grouting and seepage pressures are measured, and the results reveal that their variations can indicate the SE to some extent. The SE is good when the seepage pressure at each point increases overall;the frequent fluctuations in the seepage pressure indicate a moderately poor SE, and an overall decline in the seepage pressure indicates a major erosion type. The deflection effect of grouting shows an approximately elliptical propagation with the long axis expanding along the wider fracture opening, demonstrating further application in grouting design.

关键词： Fracture network grouting Propagation Sealing efficiency Physical modeling Deflection effect of grouting

grouting diffusion of chemical fluid flow in soil with fractal characteristics

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Journal of Central South University 2017年第5期24卷 1190-1196页

作者：周子龙杜雪明陈钊赵云龙 School of Resources and Safety Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Guangxi Double Elephant Construction Limited Liability Company Nanning 530029China

The chemical fluid property and the capillary structure of soil are important factors that affect grouting diffusion. Ignoring either factor will produce large errors in understanding the inherent laws of the diffusion process. Based on fractal geometry and the constitutive equation of Herschel-Bulkley fluid, an analytical model for Herschel-Bulkley fluid flowing in a porous geo-material with fractal characteristics is derived. The proposed model provides a theoretical basis for grouting design and helps to understand the chemical fluid flow in soil in real environments. The results indicate that the predictions from the proposed model show good consistency with the literature data and application results. grouting pressure decreases with increasing diffusion distance. Under the condition that the chemical fluid flows the same distance, the grouting pressure undergoes almost no change at first and then decreases nonlinearly with increasing tortuosity dimension. With increasing rheological index, the pressure difference first decreases linearly, then presents a trend of nonlinear decrease, and then decreases linearly again. The pressure difference gradually increases with increasing viscosity and yield stress of the chemical fluid. The decreasing trend of the grouting pressure difference is non-linear and rapid for porosity Φ>0.4, while there is a linear and slow decrease in pressure difference for high porosity.

关键词： grouting diffusion Herschel-Bulkley fluid porous media fractal grouting pressure

Unified analytical solution for deep circular tunnel with consideration of seepage pressure,grouting and lining

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Journal of Central South University 2017年第6期24卷 1483-1493页

作者：李学峰杜守继陈兵 Department of Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

A new unified analytical solution is presented for predicting the range of plastic zone and stress distributions around a deep circular tunnel in a homogeneous isotropic continuous medium. The rock mass, grouting zone and lining are assumed as elastic-perfectly plastic and governed by the unified strength theory(UST). This new solution has made it possible to consider the interaction between seepage pressure, lining, grouting and rock mass, and the intermediate principal stress effect together. Moreover, parametric analysis is carried out to identify the influence of the related parameters on the plastic zone radius. Under the given conditions, the results show that the plastic zone radius decreases with an increasing cohesion, internal friction angle and hydraulic conductivity of lining and unified failure criterion parameter, respectively; whereas the plastic zone radius increases with the growth of elasticity modulus of lining. Comparison of results from the new solution and the other published one shows well agreement and provides confidence in the new solution proposed.

关键词： unified strength theory (UST) intermediate principal stress seepage pressure grouting lining analytical solution

Calculation method of composite foundation sedimentation of grouting pile with cover plate under embankment load

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Journal of Central South University 2008年第S2期15卷 138-146页

作者：顾长存洪昌地马文彬李雪平 Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai University Geotechnical Research Institute Hohai University Zhejiang Provincial Plan Design & Research Institute of Communciations Zhejiang Zhebei Expressway Manage Co. Ltd.

grouting pile is a new soft soil foundation treatment method with characteristics such as no vibration, no noise, no soil compaction, light construction machines and quick construction velocity and so on. At present, study on reinforcement mechanism and design calculation method of composite foundation of grouting pile is initially started without design specifications, so it is usually required to draw on design specifications of stump pile when designing composite foundation of grouting pile while grouting pile has its characteristics and difference although reinforcement mechanisms and construction processes of two types of piles are similar. Sedimentation formula of composite foundation of grouting pile with cover plate is educed and a suitable deformation mode is proposed by aiming to deformation characteristics of composite foundation of grouting pile with cover plate under embankment load on basis of relevant sedimentation theories of composite foundation by combination of characteristics of composite foundation of grouting pile. The sedimentation calculation formula of grouting pile with cover plate under embankment load is educed according to balance relation of force and displacement coordination conditions by elastic theory and sedimentation calculation model established is validated by sedimentation monitoring documents of one expressway in China.

关键词： grouting pile cover plate composite foundation elastic theory sedimentation

Stability analysis and grouting treatment of inclined shaft lining structure in water-rich strata: A case study

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Geohazard Mechanics

Geohazard Mechanics 2023年第4期1卷 308-318页

作者： Zhaopeng Ren Cun Zhang Yongle Wang Shiyong Lan Shiqi Liu School of Energy and Mining Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing100083China Engineering Research Center of Green and Intelligent Mining for Thick Coal Seam Ministry of EducationChina University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing100083China Joint National-Local Engineering Research Centre for Safe and Precise Coal Mining Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanAnhui232001China

The stability of inclined shaft lining structure (ISLS) in complex water-rich strata is affected by many factors, suchas water pressure, joint, soft rock, lining corrosion and so on. The instability of the ISLS will affect the safe andefficient coal mine production. Bathe sed on the geological conditions of the Xiaobaodang coal mine, this papertested the evolution characteristics of concrete composition in long-term water seepage areas and revealed theinfluence mechanism of corrosion weakening of shaft lining (SL) in water-rich strata. Meanwhile, transientelectromagnetic, ground penetrating radar, and infrared monitoring are used to detect the water-rich zones, anddamage zones of surrounding rock and lining water seepage zones, and a three-level safety evaluation model forthe instability risk of ISLS is constructed. Water abundance of the surrounding rock, surrounding rock deterioration, and shaft lining seepage were the specific indicators in the model. The main inclined shaft (MIS) in thestudied coal mine is divided into three levels: non instability risk zone, potential instability risk zone, and highinstability risk zone. According to the evaluation results, comprehensive prevention and control measures of“hydrophobic hole drainage” and “back-lining grouting” are adopted for the water inrush source and the surrounding rock micro-crack water channel. The precise prevention and control of ISLS is realized. The researchresults also provide a reference for the stability evaluation of ISLS and the accurate prevention and control undersimilar conditions.

关键词： Inclined shaft lining structure Stability evaluation Water-rich strata Field measurement grouting

Establishment and application of drilling sealing model in the spherical grouting mode based on the loosing-circle theory

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2012年第6期22卷 882-885页

作者： Hao Zhiyong Lin Baiquan Gao Yabin Cheng Yanying State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources & Mine Safety School of Safety Engineering China University of Mining & Technology

There are quite a few studies that have been done on borehole sealing theory both domestically and internationally.The existing researches usually consider drilling of the surroundings as a dense homogeneous elastic body which does not meet the characteristics of real drilling of the fractured body.Based on the loosing-circle theory and analyses of the surrounding rock stress field,cracks and seepage fields,combined with Newtonian fluid spherical grouting model,we deduced the dynamic relationship between the seepage coefficient and rock or grouting parameters of the drilling sealing fluid mode of spherical fissure grouting.In this experiment,mucus was injected in the simulated coal seam and the permeability coefficient of the sealing body was calculated by using the model.To verify the validity of the model,the calculated sealing body number was compared with the extreme negative pressure that the sealing body could withstand.The theoretical model revealed the drilling sealing fluid mechanism,provided a method for the quantitative calculation of the drilling sealing fluid effect by grouting mode and a reference for the subsequent research of sealing mechanism.

关键词： Drilling Sealing Loosing-circle grouting

Key Technology of Ground grouting Treatment for Inclined Shaft under Condition of Super Thick Water-Rich Loose Layer

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Open Journal of Geology 2022年第12期12卷 1120-1130页

作者： Yang Yang The First Exploration Team of Anhui Province Bureau of Coal Geological Huainan China

Shaft is one of the important links of mine production. In recent years, wellbore deviation has occurred many times in various regions of China, especially under the condition of thick water-rich loose layer, wellbore deviation has become an important factor that seriously affects the safety of mine production and miners’ life. Taking the serious deviation of shaft in Guotun Coal Mine in Shandong Province as an example, this paper analyzes the causes of wellbore deviation from the aspects of wellbore geological conditions and wellbore construction methods, and grouting treatment engineering carried out on the deviated shaft under the condition of mine production. Through on-site grouting construction, repair and treatment are remarkable, which provides reference for the subsequent surface grouting treatment engineering of wellbore deviation.

关键词： Wellbore Deviation Water Pressure grouting Pressure Relief