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Reviewing electrochemical stability of ionic liquids-/deep eutectic solvents-based electrolytes in lithium-ion,lithium-metal and post-lithium-ion batteries for green and safe energy

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green Energy & Environment 2024年第6期9卷 966-991页

作者： Yu Chen Shuzi Liu Zixin Bi Zheng Li Fengyi Zhou Ruifen Shi Tiancheng Mu Department of Chemistry and Material Science Langfang Normal UniversityNO.100 Aimin West RoadLangfangHebei065000China Department of Chemistry Renmin University of ChinNO.59 Zhongguancun StreetHaidian DistrictBeijing100872China

Sustainable energy is the key issue for the environment protection,human activity and economic development.Ionic liquids(ILs)and deep eutectic solvents(DESs)are dogmatically regarded as green and sustainable electrolytes in lithium-ion,lithium-metal(e.g.,lithium-sulphur,lithium-oxygen)and post-lithium-ion(e.g.,sodium-ion,magnesium-ion,and aluminum-ion)batteries.High electrochemical stability of ILs/DESs is one of the prerequisites for green,sustainable and safe energy;while easy electrochemical decomposition of ILs/DESs would be contradictory to the concept of green chemistry by adding the cost,releasing volatile/hazardous by-products and hindering the recyclability.However,(1)are ILs/DESs-based electrolytes really electrochemically stable when they are not used in batteries?(2)are ILs/DESs-based electrolytes really electrochemically stable in real batteries?(3)how to design ILs/DESs-based electrolytes with high electrochemical stability for batteries to achieve sustainability and green development?Up to now,there is no summary on this topic,to the best of our knowledge.Here,we review the effect of chemical structure and non-structural factors on the electrochemical stability of ILs/DESs in simulated conditions.More importantly,electrochemical stability of ILs/DESs in real lithium-ion,lithium-metal and post-lithium-ion batteries is concluded and compared.Finally,the strategies to improve the electrochemical stability of ILs/DESs in lithium-ion,lithium-metal and post-lithium-ion batteries are proposed.This review would provide a guide to design ILs/DESs with high electrochemical stability for lithium-ion,lithium-metal and postlithium-ion batteries to achieve sustainable and green energy.

关键词： green solvents Decomposition Sustainable chemistry Lithium-oxygen batteries Lithium-sulphur batteries Sodium-ion batteries

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DESs: green solvents for transition metal catalyzed organic reactions

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2019年第12期30卷 2151-2156页

作者： Lifen Peng Zhifang Hu Qichao Lu Zilong Tang Yinchun Jiao Xinhua Xu Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine PolymersSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

In this review,the recent development about using DESs as green solvents in transition metal catalyzed organic reactions was highlighted.Firstly,the development of DESs was simply introduced.After presenting the advantages of DESs,transition metals catalyzed organic reactions using DESs as green solvents were classified and introduced in detail.Different transition metals such as Au,metal impregnated on magnetite,Pd and Ru catalyzed organic reactions proceeded smoothly in DESs and gave corresponding products in good yields.And in some cases,the catalytic systems could be recycled up to several times without any decrease in activity.

关键词： DESs green solvents green chemistry Transition metal Catalysis

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Characterization of the acidity and basicity of green solvents by NMR techniques

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2021年第1期1卷 81-88页

作者： Kemeng Shi Christian Marcus Pedersen Hui Chang Jing Shi Yingxiong Wang Yan Qiao Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesTaiyuan030001China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Department of Chemistry University of CopenhagenDK-2100 CopenhagenDenmark Sinopec Shanghai Petrochemical Co. Ltd.Shanghai200540China

The acidity and basicity of the solvents can influence the reaction outcome notably,and hence the precise measurement of pH is important for reaction.However,not all the pH values of organic solvents can be determined with a classic pH meter straightly.In this research,the acidity and basicity of environmentally friendly green solvents,such as ZnCl_(2) molten salt hydrate,ionic liquids(ILs)and deep eutectic solvents(DESs),were characterized by 31P and 1 H NMR spectroscopy using trimethylphosphine oxide(TMPO)and pyrrole as probe molecules at 298 K.For the ZnCl_(2) molten salt hydrate,the acidic strength of the ZnCl_(2) molten salt hydrate increased with the concentration of ZnCl_(2).By using the ^(1)H-pyrrole NMR approach,it was found that the base strength of amino acid-based ILs follows the order:[Ch][Lys]>[Ch][His].

关键词： green solvents Acidity Basicity ^(31)P-TMPO NMR ^(1)H-pyrrole NMR

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Effect of Temperature on Extraction of Castor Oil from Castor Seeds Using Potential green solvents

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化学工程与科学期刊(英文) 2023年第4期13卷 301-317页

作者： Zinhle Innocentia Mkhize Peterson Thokozani Ngema Suresh Ramsuroop Department of Chemical Engineering Green Engineering Group-Chemical Thermodynamics Steve Biko Campus Durban University of Technology Durban South Africa Department of Chemical Engineering Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cape Town South Africa

Extraction of castor oil from castor seeds was investigated using different green solvents which include d-limonene, p-cymene, α-pinene, ethanol, and furfural at the temperature range of (323 - 413) K. The Soxhlet extraction method was employed to investigate the effect of temperature at atmospheric pressure. The focus of the study was to investigate a potential green solvent that can produce the high yields compared to the traditional solvent (hexane). The results show that at the average time of 3 hours and 30 minutes, the castor oil yield for green solvents were ranked as furfural (47.13%) > ethanol (45.37%) > p-cymene (39.15%) > d-limonene (39.13%) > α-pinene (38.11%). These castor oil yields were obtained at optimum temperatures for each green solvent. The castor oil yields were compared to the yield of hexane (31.36%) at same average time. The green solvents were recovered by using simple distillation, except furfural which was difficult to be recovered.

关键词： Castor Oil Yield Soxhlet Extraction green solvents

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Mild and efficient recovery of lithium-ion battery cathode material by deep eutectic solvents with natural and cheap components

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绿色化学工程(英文) 2023年第3期4卷 303-311页

作者： Yu Chen Yanlong Wang Yue Bai Minghui Feng Fengyi Zhou Yanhong Lu Yuting Guo Yixuan Zhang Tiancheng Mu Department of Chemistry and Material Science Langfang Normal UniversityLangfang065000China Hebei Regional Geological Survey Institute Langfang065000China Department of Chemistry Renmin University of ChinaBeijing100872China

Dissolution of lithium cobalt oxide(LCO)is the key step for the recovery of valuable metals(e.g.,Co and Li)from spent LCO-based lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the dissolution process of LCO either needs toxic solvents,and high temperature,or shows low efficiency.Deep eutectic solvents(DESs)are potential green solvents to dissolve LCO.Here,DESs with polyethylene glycol(PEG)as hydrogen bond acceptor and ascorbic acid(AA)as hydrogen bond donor are found to dissolve LCO with 84.2%Co leaching efficiency at 80℃ and 72 h,which is higher than that from the reported references by common DESs.Furthermore,both DESs components(i.e.,PEG and AA)are cheap,biodegradable,and biocompatible.AA could be easily and abundantly extracted from natural fruits or vegetables.It provides a new guide for the green,mild,and efficient dissolution of LCO aiming at sustainable recovery of spent LIBs.

关键词： Low cost Mild condition New energy green chemistry green solvents Ascorbic acid

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Non-Halogenated Solvent-Processed High-Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells:the Role of Diphenyl Ether in Morphology,Light-Trapping,Transport Properties

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2022年第5期28卷 423-432页

作者： Yi Chen Xiangxu Ding Ge Wang Songwen Xiao Xin Liu Zihan Zhu Chen Wang Shanpeng Wen State Key Laboratory On Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science and Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

There is an urgent need to use green non-halogenated solvents to prepare polymer solar cells(PSCs) for industrialization.It is time-consuming but necessary to find a suitable non-halogenated solvent/additive combination for a given donor:acceptor materials system.In this research,we report a non-halogenated binary solvent system toluene/diphenyl ether(DPE) for the PBDTT-DTffBT:PC_(71)BM and PM6:Y6 blending systems that exhibit comparable power conversion efficiency(PCE) to that of devices prepared with halogenated solvents.The nano scale morphology indicates that blending film processed solely with toluene has poor phase segregation and a rough surface,which hinders charge separation and interfacial contact.Besides,the total absorption spectra revealed significant light-trapping losses in the toluene-processed solar cells,resulting in low photocurrent generation.DPE incorporation addresses these issues and significantly improves the short-circuit current density and fill factor.Moreover,non-halogen solvent-processed devices exhibit high hole mobility and low transporting impedance properties.The present study enriches the families of eco-friendly,high-efficiency PSCs fabricated using nonhalogenated solvents.

关键词： green solvents Diphenyl ether Morphology Charge extraction Polymer solar cells

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Thermal Conductivity of Room Temperature Deep Eutectic solvents

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第6期30卷 1960-1972页

作者： ALBAYATI Noor KADHOM Mohammed ABDULLAH Ghassan SALIH Suhaib Department of Science College of Basic EducationUniversity of WasitWasit 52005Iraq Department of Environmental Science College of Energy and Environmental ScienceAl-Karkh University of ScienceBaghdad 31020Iraq Department of Chemical Engineering University of TikritSaladin 34001Iraq

As deep eutectic solvents(DESs)became a prevalent category of materials,reporting their physical and chemical properties turned to be urgent.In this work,a database of the thermal conductivity of 39 DESs was experimentally investigated in a temperature range of 25℃to 60℃,since this property was not broadly reported yet.Knowing the thermal conductivity is a significant approach to obtain the fluids'heat transfer coefficients,which are essential for fluid heat transfer applications and equipment design.The selection of the reported DESs was based on their liquid phase status at room temperature and commonness.Herein,the thermal conductivity was studied as a function of temperature and compositions.Also,the data were fit with the conventional equations to predict the thermal conductivity value at a certain temperature.The highest R^(2) was selected to identify the best behavior with the common types of equations.It was found that the thermal conductivity reduced by raising the temperature,which was attributed to the enhancement that occurred in electrons'randomness and reduction in electrons'free motion.Furthermore,as the temperature rises up,the density decreases,and molecular distance increases.DESs contained choline chloride showed higher thermal conductivity stability than other DESs.While an opposite scenario was noticed for glycerol and ethylene glycol DESs due to the possibility of generating water.

关键词： deep eutectic solvents thermal conductivity physical properties green solvents

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Revisiting greenness of ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents

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green Chemical Engineering 2021年第2期2卷 174-186页

作者： Yu Chen Tiancheng Mu Department of Chemistry and Material Science Langfang Normal UniversityNO.100 Aimin West RoadAnci DistrictLangfang065000HebeiChina Department of Chemistry Renmin University of ChinaNO.59 Zhongguancun StreetHaidian DistrictBeijing100872China

green solvents are one of the hot topics of green chemistry.Ionic liquids(ILs)and deep eutectic solvents(DESs)are deemed as green solvents to a certain extent,and they have been applied in many areas,such as dissolution,separation,catalysis,electrochemistry and material synthesis.However,the greenness of ILs and DESs should be revisited because more and more evidences have shown that they are not always green.In this perspective,besides the reported merits,the disadvantages and problems of some ILs and DESs,such as instability,volatility,hygroscopicity,toxicity,flammability,regenerability,cost,energy consumption and impurities are discussed.Moreover,13 strategies to avoid the disadvantages of ILs and DESs and to increase the greenness are proposed.Comparison of the greenness of ILs and DESs is further conducted.This perspective provides some new viewpoints on the greenness of ILs and DESs.

关键词： green solvents Ionic liquids Deep eutectic solvents greenness Stability

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Textile waste-an opportunity as well as a threat

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green Carbon 2023年第2期1卷 146-149页

作者： James H.Clark Circa Renewable Chemistry Institute Green Chemistry Centre of ExcellenceUniversity of YorkYork YO105DDUK

Clothing and textiles are very challenging to recycle due to the fact that they are nearly always a blend of fibres from different types of polymers.There are some promising early indications that new green solvents including CyreneTM and TMO as well as some simple ionic liquids can be used to aid recycling of complex fabrics by selective dissolution of one of the component polymers.A viable process for the future valorisation of many waste fabrics should be designed to maximise the creation of valuable product streams while also minimising any waste.

关键词： Textile waste Molecular recycling green solvents Complexity

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First Claisen Rearrangement Reaction in Ionic Liquids with Microwave Heating

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有机化学 2003年第Z1期23卷 146-146页

作者： XU Li-Wen LI Fu-Wei XIA Chun-Gu State Key Laboratory of Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 State Key Laboratory of Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 State Key Laboratory of Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000

　　We have demonstrated the first use of the common ionic liquids, [1] bmimBr, bmimBF4 and bmimPF6 as an environmentally benign solvent for the simple Claisen rearrangement under microwave irradiation. In many cases, the re action was carried out in toxic solvents of high boiling point. [2] Here we reported the first example of Claisen rear rangement reaction in green solvents, ionic liquids, under microwave irradiation.……

关键词： Microwave Heating Ionic Liquids microwave irradiation ionic liquids environmentally benign green solvents boiling point

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