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Journal of mountain Science 2013年第3期10卷 370-377页

作者： WU Yan-hong LI Wei ZHOU Jun CAO Yang Key Laboratory of mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences

gongga mountain, locates on the eastern edge of Tibetan Plateau of China, is the highest mountain in China except summits in Tibet. Only limited meteorological data on gongga mountain have been published so far. Here we present the meteorological records from two stations, Moxi Station （at 1,621.7 m above sea level （a.s.1.）, 1992- 2010） and Hailuogou Station （at 2,947.8 m a.s.l., 1988-2010）, on the eastern slope of gongga mountain. In the past two decades, the annual precipitation decreased while the annual mean temperature increased at Hailuogou Station. Both precipitation and temperature increased at Moxi Station. The precipitation variation on the eastern slope of gongga mountain is influenced by both East Asian Monsoon and Indian Monsoon, so that the precipitation concentrated between May and October. The temperature variation on the eastern slope of gongga mountain in the past two decades showed similar trends as that of the northern hemispheric and global. In the past two decades, the temperature increased o.35℃ and o.3℃/decade at Hailuogou Station and Moxi Station respectively, which was higher than the increase extents of northern hemispheric and global temperature. The most intense warming occurred at the first decade of 21St century. The winter temperature increased more at Hailuogou Station than at Moxi Station. A remarkable increase of temperature in March was observed with only a little precipitation at both high and low altitude stations.

关键词： Temperature Precipitation Variation Global change gongga mountain

Rebirth after death: forest succession dynamics in response to climate change on gongga mountain, Southwest China

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Journal of mountain Science 2018年第8期15卷 1671-1681页

作者： CHENG Gen-wei LU Xu-yang WANG Xiao-dan SUN Jian Institute of mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

Global climate change is having long-term impacts on the geographic distribution of forest species. However, the response of vertical belts of mountain forests to climate change is still little known. The vertical distribution of forest vegetation(vertical vegetation belt) on gongga mountain in Southwest China has been monitored for 30 years. The forest alternation of the vertical vegetation belt under different climate conditions was simulated by using a mathematical model GFSM(the gongga Forest Succession Model). Three possible Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) climate scenarios(increase of air temperature and precipitation by 1.8℃/5%, 2.8℃/10% and 3.4℃/15% for B_1, A_1B and A_2 scenarios, respectively) were chosen to reflect lower, medium and higher changes of global climate. The vertical belts of mountainous vegetation will shift upward by approximately 300 m, 500 m and 600 m in the B_1, A_1B and A_2 scenarios, respectively, according to the simulated results. Thus, the alpine tree-line will move to a higher altitude. The simulation also demonstrated that, in a changing climate, the shift in the vegetation community will be a slow and extended process characterized by two main phases. During the initial phase, trees of the forest community degrade or die, owing to an inability to adapt to a warmer climate. This results in modest environment for the introduction of opportunistic species, consequently, the vegetation with new dominant tree species becomes predominant in the space vacated by the dead trees at the expense of previously dominated original trees as the succession succeed and climate change advance. Hence, the global climate change would dramatically change forest communities and tree species in mountainous regions because that the new forest community can grow only through the death of the original tree. Results indicated that climate change will cause the change of distribution and composition of forest communities on gongga mountain, a

关键词： Climate change Forest Succession Model Forest vegetation Vertical vegetation belt Forest succession gongga mountain

Analysis of solute preferential transport in a dark coniferous forest ecosystem of gongga mountain,Sichuan Province,southwestern China

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Forestry Studies in China 2010年第1期12卷 14-20页

作者： NIU Jian-zhi YU Xin-xiao ZHANG Zhi-qiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation ＆ Desertification Combating of the Ministry of Education School of Soil and WaterConservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 P. R. China

We selected a dark coniferous forest ecosystem of gongga mountain in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as our research area to study the preferential flow and solute preferential transport by adding the tracers KNO3 and KBr to the self-made soil column equipment in different ways to examine density and volume changes of inflows and outflows of a mass input （impulse input） and a stable, well-distributed input （step input））. The results showed that this dark coniferous forest ecosystem of gongga mountain is a typical area of preferential flow and solute preferential transport, a process that can be classified into five parts. A great amount of solute was transported at high speed as the result of preferential flow in the soil and caused the density of the solute in both deep water and in groundwater to rise rapidly, which definitely increased pollution in the deep soil layer.

关键词： gongga mountain dark coniferous forest ecosystem preferential flow preferential transport solute transport,breakthrough curve water quality

Distribution Characteristics of Soil Organic Matter and Total Nitrogen on the Yajiageng Vertical Belt,gongga mountain around the Dadu River Banks

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2008年第3期13卷 331-335页

作者： YAN Yan WANG Xiaodan Institute of mountain Hazards and Environment ChineseAcademy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China

Distribution characteristics of soil organic matter（SOM） and total nitrogen（TN） were studied in different plant communities of the Yajiageng vertical belt in gongga mountain around the Dadu River banks. The results show：（1） the contents of SOM and TN of the plant communities gradually decreased with the following order： subalpine coniferous forest （3 027 m）, subalpine meadow （3 873 m）, coniferous broadleaved mixed forest（2 737 m）, subalpine shrub（3 565 m） and treeline（3 564 m）. （2） With soil profile depth increasing, the contents of SOM and TN gradually decreased. For different vegetation types, the contents of SOM and TN in sub-alpine coniferous forest were higher than that of other vegetational types. （3）The ratio of the content of carbon to the content of total nitrogen （Cc/CTN）WaS 13.5-27.6, which was relatively lower than the appropriate Cc/CTN of 25-30, and indicated that the soil in favor of the organic matter decomposed and nutrients released. Cc/CTN in the soil had no correlation with sea level altitude. However, its distribution in the soil x, aried with different vegetation types. （4） Nitrogen in SOM existed mainly in the form of organic nitrogen, and Cc/CTN in the soil was not obvious correlated with SOM and TN.

关键词： gongga mountain soil organic matter(SOM) total nitrogen(TN) vertical belt

Succession Features and Dynamic Simulation of Subalpine Forest in the gongga mountain, China

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Journal of mountain Science 2004年第1期1卷 29-37页

作者： CHENGGenwei LUOJi InstituteofmountainHazardsandEnvironment ChineseAcademyofSciencesChengdu610041China

The gongga mountain of eastern Tibet Plateau is a representative of the alpine regions with high peaks and deep valleys. Climate change over the last thousand years has controlled the dynamics of glacier and debris flow occurrence, which resulted in substantial changes in the mountainous environment. The authors surveyed the community structure of primary forests in gongga mountain and forest succession processes in woodland plots. The changing features in the subalpine environment are discussed in this paper. Tree species and sizes between the glacier shrinking areas and debris flow fans in Hailuogou Valley are compared. The pioneer species that settle in debris flow fans and the glacier shrinking areas are Salix spp. and Populus purdomii. Abies fabri and Picea brachytyla are the climax tree species. The succession process of primary vegetation in Hailuogou (2700 ~ 3200 m) can be divided into four stages: Slash surface (20~ 200 yr) Salix-Populus seeding community (10 ~ 30 yr) Populus-Salix sapling community (30 ~ 100 yr) Populus-Abies mixed community (50 ~ 100 yr) Abies-Picea climax In a natural and undisturbed environment, trees compete for light, water and nutrients. Disaster disturbance in mountains is a very important driving factor for regeneration of woody plants. Repeated destruction of forests by glacier movement or debris flows generated additional forest gaps that allow young plants to grow. In this study the gongga Forest Succession Model (GFSM) was developed for simulation of forest community succession processes on different scales in gongga mountain. A soil succession module was added to the GFSM model to simulate soil formation and chemical element change of woodland. In order to represent major features of forests in Southwestern China, many field works has been done to identify ecological parameters of various trees in the subalpine region. On the basis of simulation of tree life history, the GFSM combines forest succession with soil change in bo

关键词： gongga mountain forest succession dynamic simulation forest gap model

Distribution characteristics of SOM and nitrogen on the eastern slope of gongga mountain

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2004年第4期14卷 481-487页

作者：王琳欧阳华彭奎 TIAN Yuqiang ZHANG Feng Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CASBeijing 100101China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100039China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CASBeijing 100101China

The distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) and nitrogen on gongga mountain was studied in this paper. The results showed that the content of SOM and nitrogen (N) of A horizon had an ascending trend with the increase of the elevation. The vegetation types distributed higher than the mixed broad-leaved and coniferous forest have the irregular trends. In the transitional zone vegetation such as mixed trees and treeline, the content of SOM and N is higher than other vegetation types. The distribution of SOM and N of A horizon is dependent on the synthetic effect of climate and vegetation types. The vertical distribution of SOM and N in soil profiles has the similar trends for all kinds of vegetation types, i.e., the content of A horizon is higher than that of the B and C horizons, which is the same to the distribution of dead animal and plant in soil. The soil C:N is between 7 and 25, which is relatively low comparing to the appropriate C:N of 25-30. The ratio of soil carbon to nitrogen (C:N)increases with the increase of the elevation, but its vertical distribution in soil horizons varies with different vegetation types. The N exists in SOM mainly in the form of organic nitrogen, and the soil C:N correlates significantly with SOM.

关键词： gongga mountain vertical gradient soil organic matter nitrogen

Influence of soil organic matter contents on soil water characteristics of forests on east slope of gongga mountain

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Journal of Forestry Research 2007年第1期18卷 78-80页

作者： ZHANG Bao-hua WANG Zhen-jian LIU Zi-ting HUANG Ai-min TANG Qing-xin He Yu-rong School of Environment and Planning Henan University Kaifeng 475001 P. R. China School of Environment and Planning Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252059 P. R. China Institute of mountain Hazards ＆ Environment of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 P. R. China

By testing soil organic matter （SOM） contents, soil water contents （SWC） within low suctions, and saturated infiltration rates of samples taken from east slope of gongga mountain of China, the enhancive effects of SOM contents on SWC within low suctions and saturated infiltration rates were quantified. The simulated functions might be applied on regional experience forest-hydrology model. The improving function of protecting forest floor and increasing SOM contents on forest ecosystem hydrological effects were also embodied.

关键词： gongga mountain Soil organic matter content Soil water content within low suction Saturated infiltration rate

Water holding effect of subalpine dark coniferous forest soil in gongga mountain, China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2003年第3期14卷 205-209页

作者：常志华陆兆华关文彬中国矿业大学环境科学与工程系北京林业大学

Because of the distinction of soil property and humus content, soil water content is not ideal to indicate whether it is suitable to the growth of plant. Mainly based on the PF-a numerical value denoting the water regime of soil and connected with the growth of plant, the study combined the moisture percentage of soil with PF to research in quantity the interrelation between the moisture percentage and PF in different succession phases of subalpine dark coniferous forest in gongga mountain. The results showed that: (1) In the same PF value, the moisture percentage in humus horizon increased gradually with the devel-opment of the succession of the dark coniferous forest; The moisture percentage of over-mature forest was the highest and>mature forest>half-mature forest>young growth forest; (2) With the increase of soil depth, the soil bulk density increased and the moisture percentage decreased, but the difference in the percentage of moisture was not notable in different succession phases. (3) In different succession series, the vegetation affected the soil water characteristics by increasing the soil organic matter, improving the soil construction, receding the soil bulk density and enhancing the soil porosity; (4) The humus horizon of the dark coniferous forest soil has the highest water holding capability in this region.

关键词： gongga mountain Moisture percentage PF value Dark coniferous forest Forest soil Water-holding capability

Conservation and Sustainable Exploitation of Forest Ecosystem in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River -Case Study on gongga mountain

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Chinese Forestry Science and Technology 2003年第1期2卷 66-70页

作者： ZHANG Baohua HE Yurong ZHOU Hongyi CHENG Genwei Institute of mountain Hazards & Environment, the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Chengdu 610041. China. Department of Geography, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059. China bhz@ imde. ***

The deforestation on large scale in the upper reaches of Yangtze River has caused serious problems of ecosystem and environment. Restoration of the degenerated forest ecosystems is one of the main research fields. Taking gongga mountain as an example, degeneration features and existing problems of forest ecosystems are analyzed in this paper, and the measures are also proposed.

关键词： conservation and sustainable exploitation forest ecosystem upper reaches of the Yangtze River gongga mountain

Research on Characteristics of Climate Changes in the East Facet of gongga mountain,China

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Research on Characteristics of Climate Changes in the East F...