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Peripheral nerve axons contain machinery for co-translational secretion of axonally-generated proteins

Neuroscience Bulletin 2013年第4期29卷 493-500页

作者： Tanuja Merianda Jeffery Twiss Department of Biology Drexel University Department of Biological Sciences University of South Carolina

The axonal compartment of developing neurons and mature peripheral nervous system （PNS） neurons has the capacity to locally synthesize proteins. Axonally-synthesized proteins have been shown to facilitate axonal pathfinding and maintenance in developing central nervous system （CNS） and PNS neurons, and to facilitate the regeneration of mature PNS neurons. RNA-profiling studies of the axons of cultured neurons have shown a surprisingly complex population of mRNAs that encode proteins for a myriad of functions. Although classic-appearing rough endoplasmic reticulum （RER）, smooth endoplasmic reticulum （ER） and Golgi apparatus have not been documented in axons by ultrastructural studies, axonal RNA profiling studies show several membrane and secreted protein-encoding mRNAs whose translation products would need access to a localized secretory mechanism. We previously showed that the axons of cultured neurons contain functional equivalents of RER and Golgi apparatus. Here, we show that markers for the signal-recognition particle, RER, ER, and Golgi apparatus are present in PNS axons in vivo. Co-localization of these proteins mirrors that seen for cultured axons where locally-translated proteins are localized to the axoplasmic membrane. Moreover, nerve injury increases the levels and/or aggregation of these proteins, suggesting that the regenerating axon has an increased capacity for membrane targeting of locally synthesized proteins.

关键词： rough endoplasmic reticulum golgiapparatus membrane protein axonal proteinsynthesis mRNA transport

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Changes in secretory pathway Ca^(2+)-ATPase 2 following focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第1期8卷 76-82页

作者： Tonglin Lu Zhiping Hu Liuwang Zeng Zheng Jiang Department of Neurology Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University

This study aimed to investigate changes in secretory pathway Ca2＋-ATPase 2 expression following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, and to define the role of Ca2＋-ATPases in oxidative stress. A rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was established using the unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion method. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-PCR assay results showed that compared with the control group, the expression of secretory pathway Ca2＋-ATPase 2 protein and mRNA in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of male rats did not significantly change during the ischemic period. However, secretory pathway Ca2＋-ATPase 2 protein and mRNA expression reduced gradually at 1, 3, and 24 hours during the reperfusion period. Our experimental findings indicate that levels of secretory pathway Ca2＋-ATPase 2 protein and mRNA expression in brain tissue change in response to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

关键词： neural regeneration brain injury cerebral infarction secretory pathway Ca2+-ATPase 2 golgiapparatus Ca2+ oscillations manganese focal cerebral ischemia oxidative damage Ca2^-ATPase grants-supported paper photographs-containing paper neuroregeneration

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