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Local tips, Global impact: community-driven measures as avenues of promoting inclusion in the control of neglected tropical diseases: a case study in Kenya

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第4期11卷 81-90页

作者： Elizabeth A.Ochola Diana M.S.Karanja Susan J.Elliott Department of Geography and Environmental Management University ofWaterlooWaterlooONCanada

Background:Neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)affect poor populations with little or no’’political voice’to influence control activities.While most NTDs have interventions that work,the biggest challenge remains in delivering targeted interventions to affected populations residing in areas experiencing weak health systems.Despite the upward development trends in most countries of sub-Saharan Africa(SSA),the healthcare worker to population ratio remains exceptionally low,with some areas not served at all;thus,there is a need to involve other personnel for school and community-based healthcare approaches.Nonetheless,the current community-based programs suffer from inconsistent community participation due to a lack of coordinated response,and an expanded intervention agenda that lacks context-specific solutions applicable to rural,urban,and marginalized areas.Methods:This research investigated the capacity of local communities to address the burden of NTDs.Informed by the social theory of human capability,the research collected primary qualitative data by conducting key informant interviews and focus group discussions of people infected or affected by NTDs.The interview data were collected and transcribed verbatim for thematic analysis using Nvivo version 12.Results:Our findings reveal,first,a need for intersectoral collaboration between governments and affected populations for inclusive and sustainable NTD solutions.Second,a’’bottom-up’approach that enhances capacity building,sensitization,and behaviour change for improved uptake of NTD interventions.Third,the enforcement of Public Health Legislative Acts that mandates the reporting and treatment of NTDs such as leprosy.Fourth,the establishment of support groups and counseling services to assist persons suffering from debilitating and permanent effects of NTDs.Conclusions:Our research demonstrates the importance of human agency in encouraging new forms of participation leading to the co-production of inclusive and sustainable solutions against NTDs.

关键词： Neglected tropical diseases Control Community-driven measure Local solution Global impact Inclusion Kenya

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中国社会科学国际影响力与学术话语权研究

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社会科学总论 2022年第4期

作者：唐莉

科技自立自强与哲社繁荣发展是建设富强民主文明和谐美丽社会主义现代化强国的双引擎。经过40余年的改革开放，中国自然科学研究突飞猛进、取得了举世瞩目的成就，而社会科学研究成果的国际影响力则总体相对发展滞后。文章追溯评析了我... 详细信息

科技自立自强与哲社繁荣发展是建设富强民主文明和谐美丽社会主义现代化强国的双引擎。经过40余年的改革开放，中国自然科学研究突飞猛进、取得了举世瞩目的成就，而社会科学研究成果的国际影响力则总体相对发展滞后。文章追溯评析了我国社会科学国际影响力与学术话语权的研究现状与动态，提出“谁在说—说什么—如何说—谁在听—效果如何”的理论分析框架。研究呼吁，随着中国综合国力的提升和参与全球治理实践的不断深入，中国社会科学国际影响力与学术话语权研究应突破现有规范性阐述和文献计量分析切割的局限性，从长时序、宽空间、多维度对影响力机理和学术话语权建设路径开展研究，为中国现代化建设与全球治理参与的战略布局与机制完善提供科学支撑。

关键词：学术话语权国际影响力中国社会科学 the power of academic discourse Global impact Chinese social science research

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Thirty years of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic and beyond

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International Journal of Oral Science 2013年第4期5卷 191-199页

作者： Fariba S Younai Division of Oral Biology and Medicine School of DentistryUniversity of California

After more than 30 years of battling a global epidemic, the prospect of eliminating human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） as the most challenging infectious disease of the modern era is within our reach. Major scientific discoveries about the virus responsible for this immunodeficiency disease state, including its pathogenesis, transmission patterns and clinical course, have led to the development of potent antiretroviral drugs that offer great hopes in HIV treatment and prevention. Although these agents and many others still in development and testing are capable of effectively suppressing viral replication and survival, the medical management of HIV infection at the individual and the population levels remains challenging. Timely initiation of antiretroviral drugs, adherence to the appropriate therapeutic regimens, effective use of these agents in the pre and post-exposure prophylaxis contexts, treatment of comorbid conditions and addressin~ social and nsvcholo2ical factors involved in the care of individuals continue to be important considerations.

关键词： human immunodeficiency virus treatment prevention Global impact antiretrovirals epidemiology

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as a risk factor for cytomegalovirus hepatitis in an immunocompetent patient:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第6期9卷 1455-1460页

作者： Bashar Khiatah Laya Nasrollah Stephen Covington Deborah Carlson Internal Medicine Community Memorial HospitalVenturaCA 93003United States Department of Gastroenterology Community Memorial HospitalVenturaCA 93003United States

BACKGROUND Almost 80 percent of adults in the United States have had cytomegalovirus(CMV)infection by age 40.The number of symptomatic CMV hepatitis cases has been increasing along with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)cases in the United States that is estimated to be 25 percent of the population.In this paper,we try to link these two entities together.CASE SUMMARY In this case report,we describe a young female who presented with fever,nausea,and vomiting who was found to have NAFLD and CMV hepatitis that was treated supportively.CONCLUSION In this case report,we describe NAFLD as a risk factor for CMV hepatitis and discuss the possible impact on clinical practice.We believe,it is essential to consider NAFLD and it’s disease mechanisms’localized immu-nosuppression,as a risk factor of CMV hepatitis and severe coronavirus disease 2019 infection.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Cytomegalovirus hepatitis Immunocompetent Female health Global impact Hepatology Case report

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