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Observation　of　clouds　and　solar　radiation　over　the　Pacific　Ocean　as　relation　to　global　climate

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1995年第2期14卷 201-207页

作者： Farn Parungo Clarence Nagamoto Cecilia M. I. R. Girz Jeff Torgerson and Zhou Mingyu (Science and Technology Corporation, Boulder, CO, U. S. A.Air Resources Laboratory, NOAA, Boulder, CO, U. S. A.Forecast Systems Laboratory, NOAA, Boulder, CO, U. S. A.U

During a research cruise over the Pacific Ocean in 1989, solar irradiance was measured with a broad-band pyranometer along the cruise track. Cloud cover was photographed with an all-sky time-lapse came ra. Cloud types were observed and recorded. The data show that both the types and the amounts of clouds affect radiation fluxes on the sea surface. For low-level and middle-level clouds, the correlations (r) between measured irradiance (in Percent of calculated maximum irradiance) and cloud amount (in fraction of sky) were significant: r=-0. 79 and - 0. 66, respectively. For high-level clouds, the correlation was not significant: r=-0. 21. The results indicate that cloud shortwave forcing is a major modifier of the earth's surface insolation and change of cloud amount may affect global climate.

关键词： Solar irradiance cloud type cloud cover earth's surface insolation global climate

Evaluating effects of atmospheric CO_2 on stability of global climate:a cell-to-cell mapping approach

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Journal of Chongqing University 2010年第1期9卷 1-11页

作者：黄力刘信安贾强 College of Chemical Engineering Chongqing University Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoOntario

Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO2],incoming solar radiation and sea ice coverage are among the most important factors that control the global *** applying the simple cell-to-cell mapping technique to a simplified atmosphere-ocean-sea ice feedback climate model,effects of these factors on the stability of the climatic system are *** current climatic system is found to be stable but highly *** resiliency of stability increases with [CO2] to a summit when [CO2] reaches 290 μL/L which is comparable to the pre-industrial level,suggesting carbon dioxide is essential to the stability of the global *** [CO2] rising further,the global climate stability decreases,the mean ocean temperature goes up and the sea ice coverage shrinks in the polar *** the incoming solar radiation is intensified,the ice coverage gradually diminishes,but the mean ocean temperature remains relatively ***,our analysis suggests that at the current levels of three external factors the stability of global climate is highly ***,there exists a possibility of extreme states of climate,such as a snow-ball earth and an ice-free earth.

关键词： atmospheric carbon dioxide global climate incoming solar radiation cell-to-cell mapping climatic feedback model nonlinear stabilitv

Approximate Solution for Mechanism of Thermally and Wind-driven Ocean Circulation

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Chinese Geographical Science 2010年第5期20卷 383-388页

作者： MO Jiaqi LIN Wantao LIN Yihua Anhui Normal University Wuhu 241000 China State Key Laboratory of Numerial Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Division of Computational Science E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities at Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China

The thermally and wind-driven ocean circulation is a complicated natural phenomenon in the atmospheric physics. Hence we need to reduce it using basic models and solve the models using approximate methods. A non-linear model of the thermally and wind-driven ocean circulation is used in this paper. The results show that the zero solution of the linear equation is a stable focus point, which is the path curve trend origin point as time (t) trend to infinity. By using the homotopic mapping perturbation method, the exact solution of the model is obtained. The homotopic mapping perturbation method is an analytic solving method, so the obtained solution can be used for analytic operating sequentially. And then we can also obtain the diversified qualitative and quantitative behaviors for corresponding physical quantities.

关键词： global climate atmosphere-ocean oscillation homotopic mapping approximate solution

Study on the Trace Species in the Stratosphere and Their Impact on climate

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第6期23卷 1020-1039页

作者：陈月娟周任君施春华毕云 School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026

The trace gases （O3, HCl, CH4, H2O, NO, NO2） in the stratosphere play an important role, not only in the photochemical processes in which the ozone layer destroyed, but also in the radiative processes. In this paper, we review the works on the distribution and variation of the trace gases in the stratosphere and their impact on climate, which have been carried out at the University of Science and Technology of China in the recent 20 years. The Halogen Occultation Experiment （HALOE） data were used to analyse the distribution and variation of the mixing ratio of these trace gases and the temperature trends in the stratosphere in the most recent decade. And the reanalyzed National Centers of Environmental Prediction （NCEP）/NCAR data were also used to give the temperature trends and compared with the results from HALOE data. Numerical simulations were also carried out to study the impact of ozone depletion on the global climate. In this review, the distributions of the trace gases, especially those over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, are discussed, and the variations and trends for the trace gases in various levels in the stratosphere have been given for the most recent decade. The temperature variation and the cooling trend obtained from HALOE data in the middle and lower stratosphere for the last 13 years are significant, which agree well with the results from NCEP/NCAR data. While the temperature trend in the upper stratosphere in this period do not seem to have much cooling. The numerical simulations show that either the Antarctic ozone hole or the ozone valley over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau affect not only the temperature and circulation in the stratosphere, but also the temperature, pressure and wind fields in the troposphere, then lead to the global climate change.

关键词： stratosphere trace gases global climate

Temperature and precipitation trends in Minqin Desert during the period of 1961-2007

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Journal of Arid Land 2011年第3期3卷 214-219页

作者： ShuJuan ZHU1,2,3,ZhaoFeng CHANG1,2,3 1 Gansu Minqin National Field Observation & Research Station on Ecosystem of Desertified Rangeland,Minqin 733300,China 2 Key Laboratory of Desertification Combating of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 733070,China 3 Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,Lanzhou 733070,China Gansu Minqin National Field Observation and Research Station on Ecosystem of Desertified Rangeland Minqin 733300 China Key Laboratory of Desertification Combating of Gansu Province Lanzhou 733070 China Gansu Desert Control Research Institute Lanzhou 733070 China

This paper analyzed the data of temperature and precipitation in Minqin,typical desert area in north-west China,during the period of 1961 2007 by linear *** result indicated that the increasing rate of the mean annual temperature in Minqin was higher than that of the average of China;and the temperature in February increased by 3.01oC averagely in the past 47 *** climate in Minqin displayed an evident warming ***,there was no evidently increasing trend of precipitation in the past 47 years,and drought occurred during the whole growing season.

关键词： temperature precipitation global climate Minqin

Volcanoes and climate:Sizing up the Impact of the Recent Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption from a Historical Perspective

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第12期39卷 1986-1993页

作者： Meng ZUO Tianjun ZHOU Wenmin MAN Xiaolong CHEN Jian LIU Fei LIU Chaochao GAO State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029China Key Laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment Ministry of EducationJiangsu Provincial State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment EvolutionSchool of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean System Ministry of Educationand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong LaboratoryZhuhai 519082China College of Environmental and Resource Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

An undersea volcano at Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai(HTHH)near the South Pacific island nation of Tonga,erupted violently on 15 January *** climate impact of the HTHH volcanic eruption is of great concern to the public;here,we intend to size up the impact of the HTHH eruption from a historical *** influence of historical volcanic eruptions on the global climate are firstly reviewed,which are thought to have contributed to decreased surface temperature,increased stratospheric temperature,suppressed global water cycle,weakened monsoon circulation and El Niño-like sea surface *** understanding of the impacts of past volcanic eruptions on global-scale climate provides potential implication to evaluate the impact of the HTHH *** on historical simulations,we estimate that the current HTHH eruption with an intensity of 0.4 Tg SO_(2)injection will decrease the global mean surface temperature by only 0.004℃in the first year after eruption,which is within the amplitude of internal variability at the interannual time scale and thus not strong enough to have significant impacts on the global climate.

关键词： Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcanic eruption global climate surface temperature monsoon ENSO

Performances of the cotton bollworm,Heliothis armigera (Hubner) at different temperatures and relative humidities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1993年第2期5卷 158-168页

作者： Wu Kunjun, Chen Yuping Li MinghuiInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China Inst. of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China China

The cotton bollworm, Heliothis armigera (Hubner) is an important insect species at-tacking many crops. Their performances have been examined at temperatures from 15℃ to 35℃ and relative humidities (RH) between 22.5% and 100%, respectively, in order to assess possible effect of climate in future on its occurrence and infestation. Durations of all developmental stages of the insect shortened with increasing temperature. The temperature favoring population growth ranged from 25℃ to 30℃.Larval duration and adult longevity decreased as relative humidity increased, but development of other stages was independent of RH. At RH of over 64%, their survival rate, egg production and oviposition rate varied a little, and all the population parameters of the insect remained at a relative constant level.

关键词： cotton bollworm (Heliothis armigera) global climate relative humidity, population parameters.

Asymptotic Solutions to a Nonlinear climate Oscillation Model

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2008年第1期1卷 40-44页

作者： LIN Yi-Hua LIN Wan-Tao MO Jia-Qi LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Department of Mathematics Anhui Normal University Wuhu 241000 China Division of Computational Science E-Institutes of shanghai Universities at SJTU Shanghai 200240 China

A class of nonlinear global climate oscillation models is considered. Using perturbation theory and its methods, solutions to the asymptotic expansions of some related problems are constructed. These asymptotic expansions of the solutions for the original problem possess a higher approximation. The perturbed asymptotic method is an analyti cmethod.

关键词： nonlinear global climate asymptotic solution

NANOPARTICLE AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY:AN OVERVIEW

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China Particuology 2005年第5期3卷 243-254页

作者： Chiu-sen Wang Sheldon K. Friedlander Lutz Mdler Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Los Angeles405 Hilgard Avenue Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

As a new scientific discipline, nanoparticle aerosol science and technology （NAST） deals with the formation, properties and behavior of nanoparticles in gases. Driven by its practical applications in many different fields, NAST has been undergoing rapid development. A conceptual framework of the discipline, with its own basic principles, experimental methods and computational techniques, is now taking shape. This paper presents an overview of the current status and research needs of the new discipline. The presentation begins with a discourse on the relationship among various particle systems, which occur frequently in nature and industry. The properties and behavior of nanoparticle aerosols are then discussed, with emphasis on the key roles played by particle size and morphology. Similar to fluid dynamics, NAST is an enabling discipline in the sense that it has provided the concepts and methodology needed for the development of many other fields. Applications of nanoparticle aerosol science and technology are highlighted in three important areas：（1） aerosol processes for synthesis of nanoparticles, （2） atmospheric nanoparticles and global climate, and （3） dosimetry of inhaled nanoparticles. These fields have features in common insofar as nanoparticie aerosols follow the same basic laws of physics and chemistry.

关键词： nanoparticles aerosol processes ultrafine particles global climate inhaled particles