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Protective effects of ginkgo biloba extract 761 against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in cultured retinal neuron

Chinese Medical Journal 2005年第11期118卷 948-952页

作者： WANGYun-song XULiang MAKe WANGShuang WANGJin-jin BeijingInstituteofOphthalmology TongrenEyeCenterBeijingTongrenHospitalCapitalUniversityofMedieialSeieneeBeiing100005China

A large part of neuronal death is the result of episodes of anoxia and ischaemia in the retina and other eye diseases, such as anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, glaucoma. The neuronal death is due to the accumulation of glutamate in the extracellular space. Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the retina. However, excessive overactivation of glutamate receptors leads to excitotoxic neuronal cell death. Glutamate induces cell death by increasing the levels of intracellular Ca2+ in neurons, thereby leading to generation of free radicals and activation proteases, as well as transcriptional activation of specific cell death programs. Glutamate excitoxicity can also cause neuronal mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss, which is associated with changes in mitochondrial function leading to a neuronal dysfunction.

关键词： retina neurons ginkgo biloba extract 761 mitochondria membrane potentials

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Comparison of antioxidant activities between salvianolic acid B and ginkgo biloba extract(EGb 761)

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第9期27卷 1137-1145页

作者： Chang-suo LIU Yong CHENG Jin-feng HU Wei ZHANG Nai-hong CHEN Jun-tian ZHANG~2 Department of Neuropharmacology,Institute of Materia Medica,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100050.China Department of Neuropharmacology Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China

Aim:To investigate and compare the antioxidant activities of salvianolic acid B(SalB)and ginkgo biloba extract(EGb 761)in aqueous solution,rat microsomesand the cellular ***:Superoxide anion(O2~-)was generated usingxanthine/xanthine oxidase system and phenazine methosulate/NADH system,andthe effects of SalB and EGb 761 on the generation of O2~- were achieved by spectro-photometric measurement of the product formed on reduction of nitro *** different methods were used to assess the scavenging effects ofthe extracts on hydroxyl radical(.OH):HPLC method was used for quantitation *** by oxy-radical trapping of 5,5-dimethyl- 1-pyrroline-N-oxide(DMPO)to formDMPO-OH adducts in Fe2+-*** confirm the HPLC data,.OHwas also measured by spectrophotometry using a commercial detection ***-lipid peroxidation effects of the extracts in microsomes of rat brain,liver andkidney induced by ascorbate-NADPH were determined by thiobarbituric acid(TBA)*** protective effects of the extracts on peroxide hydrogen(H2O2)-induced oxidative damage in SH-SY5Y cells were investigated by assessing cellviability assay,the level of lipid peroxidation,and the lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)***:Both SalB and EGb 761 were able to scavenge O2~- ***,inhibit lipid peroxidation of microsomes,and protect SH-SY5Y ceils againstH2O2-induced oxidative ***,the concentration of SalB was far lowerthan that of EGb 761 when a similar effect was ***:The antioxi-dant efficiency of SalB was greater than that of EGb *** results suggestthat SalB,like EGb 761,has promising potential in treating oxidative damage-derived neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： antioxidant ginkgo biloba extract 761 free radical salvianolic acid B SH-SY5Y cells

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Hyperbaric Oxygen and ginkgo biloba extract Ameliorate Cognitive and Memory Impairment via Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Pathway in Rat Model of Alzheimer＇s Disease

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第22期128卷 3088-3093页

作者： Li-Da Zhang Li Ma Li Zhang Jian-Guo Dai Li-Gong Chang Pei-Lin Huang Xiao-Qiang Tian Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China Department of Neurology Brain Hospital Affiliated of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu 210029 China Department of Pathology Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China Department of Pathology Medicine School of Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China Medical Oncology The Second Hospital of Nanjing Affiliated to Medical School of Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu 210003 China

Background： Hyperbaric oxygen （HBO） and ginkgo biloba extract （e.g., EGB 761） were shown to ameliorate cognitive and memory impairment in Alzheimcr＇s disease （AD）. However, the exact mechanism remains elusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible mechanisms of HBO and EGB 761 via the function of nuclear factor kappa-B （NF-κB） pathway. Methods： AD rats were induced by injecting β-amyloid 25-35 into the hippocampus. All animals were divided into six groups： Normal. sham. AD model, HBO （2 atmosphere absolute： 60 min/d）, EGB 761 （20 mg·kg^-1 ·d ^-1）, and HBO/EGB 761 groups. Morris water maze tests were used to assess cognitive, and memory capacities of rats： TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling staining and Western blotting were used to analyze apoptosis and NF-κB pathway-related proteins in hippocampus tissues. Results： Morris water maze tests revealed that EGB 761 and HBO significantly improved the cognitive and memory ability of AD rats. In addition, the protective effect of combinational therapy （HBO/EGB 761 ） was superior to either HBO or EGB 761 alone. In line. redticed apoptosis with NF-κB pathway activation was observed in hippocampus neurons treated by HBO and EGB 761. Conclusions： Our results suggested that HBO and EGB 761 improve cognitive and memory capacity in a rat model of AD. The protective effects are associated with the reduced apoptosis with NF-κB pathway activation in hippocampus neurons.

关键词： ginkgo biloba extract 761 Hyperbaric Oxygen Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Rats Alzheimer's Disease

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