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A behavior and physiology-based decision support tool to predict thermal comfort and stress in non-pregnant,mid-gestation,and late-gestation sows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 814-826页

作者： Betty R.McConn Allan P.Schinckel Lindsey Robbins Brianna N.Gaskill Angela R.Green‑Miller Donald C.Lay Jr Jay S.Johnson Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak RidgeTN 37830USA Department of Animal Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA USDA-ARS Livestock Behavior Research Unit West LafayetteIN 47907USA.

Background:Although thermal indices have been proposed for swine,none to our knowledge differentiate by reproductive stage or predict thermal comfort using behavioral and physiological *** study objective was to develop a behavior and physiology-based decision support tool to predict thermal comfort and stress in multiparous(3.28±0.81)non-pregnant(n=11),mid-gestation(n=13),and late-gestation(n=12)***:Regression analyses were performed using PROC MIXED in SAS 9.4 to determine the optimal environmental indicator[dry bulb temperature(TDB)and dew point]of heat stress(HS)in non-pregnant,mid-gestation,and lategestation sows with respiration rate(RR)and body temperature(TB)successively used as the dependent variable in a cubic function.A linear relationship was observed for skin temperature(T_(S))indicating that TDB rather than the sow HS response impacted T_(S)and so T_(S)was excluded from further *** stage was significant for all analyses(Pgestation,and late gestation sows and occurred at 25.5,25.1,and 24.0℃,*** HS inflection points differed for non-pregnant,mid-gestation,and late gestation sows and occurred at 28.1,27.8,and 25.5℃,*** HS inflection points were similar for non-pregnant and mid-gestation sows(32.9℃)but differed for late-gestation sows(30.8℃).These data were integrated with previously collected behavioral thermal preference data to estimate the TDB that non-pregnant,mid-gestation,and late-gestation sows found to be cool(TDB

关键词： Decision support gestation Heat stress Management Sows Thermal index

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Heat stress affects fecal microbial and metabolic alterations of primiparous sows during late gestation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第1期11卷 32-43页

作者： Jianwen He Huiduo Guo Weijiang Zheng Yongqiang Xue Ruqian Zhao Wen Yao Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal HealthCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsuPeople’s Republic of China210095 National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science College of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsuPeople’s Republic of China210095 Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of ChinaNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsuPeople’s Republic of China210095.

Background:Heat stress(HS)jeopardizes intestinal barrier functions and augments intestinal permeability in ***,whether HS-induced maternal microbial and metabolic changes in primiparous sows during late gestation remains *** present here,a study investigating the fecal microbial and metabolic responses in late gestational primiparous sows when exposed to ***:Twelve first-parity Landrace×Large White F1 sows were randomly assigned into two environmental treatments including the thermoneutral(TN)(18–22℃;n=6)and HS(28–32℃;n=6)*** treatments were applied from 85 d of gestation to *** serum and feces samples were collected on d 107 of gestation,for analyses including intestinal integrity biomarkers,high-throughput sequencing metagenomics,short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)profiles and nontargeted ***:Our results show that HS group has higher serum Heat shock protein 70(HSP70),lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein(LBP)*** gut microbial community can be altered upon HS by usingβ-diversity and taxon-based *** particular,the relative abundance of genera and operational taxonomic units(OTUs)related to Clostridiales and Halomonas are higher in HS group,the relative abundance of genera and OTUs related to Bacteroidales and Streptococcus,however,are lower in HS *** of metabolic analysis reveal that HS lowers the concentrations of propionate,butyrate,total SCFA,succinate,fumarate,malate,lactate,aspartate,ethanolamine,β-alanine and niacin,whereas that of fructose and azelaic acid are higher in HS *** metabolites mainly affect propanoate metabolism,alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism,phenylalanine metabolism,β-alanine metabolism,pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis,tricarboxylic acid cycle(TCA)and nicotinate and nicotinamide ***,correlation analysis between significant microbes and metabolites indicated that the HS-induced microbiota shift is likely

关键词： Heat stress Late gestation Metabolic profiles Microbial community Sow

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Impact of dietary L-arginine supply during early gestation on myofiber development in newborn pigs exposed to intra-uterine crowding

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第4期8卷 945-956页

作者： Johannes Gulmann Madsen Camilo Pardo Michael Kreuzer Giuseppe Bee Agroscope Posieux la tioleyre 4 1725 Posieux Switzerland ETH Zurich Institute of Agricultural Sciences Universitsstrasse 2 8092 ZurichSwitzerland

Background: Intra-uterine crowding(IUC) observed in hyperprolific sows impairs myofiber hyperplasia and overall fetal growth. Arginine supplementation(ARG) in gestation diets has been shown to positively affect litter and muscle development. The study objective was to assess whether the effect of ARG on offspring characteristics, with special emphasis on myofiber hyperplasia, differs under IUC conditions from these responses,because in that situation growth retardation is particularly prevalent due to reduced fetal nutrient *** oviduct ligation(OL) was used as a model for an uncrowded and hyperprolificacy(IN) as a model for a crowded intra-uterine ***: Five OL and five IN sows were fed a diet supplemented daily with either 43 g L-alanine(Ctrl) or 25 g L-arginine from d 14 to 28 of gestation in a cross-over design(two periods: 5^( th) and 6^( th) parity). At farrowing, two male and two female offspring, respectively, with a low and intermediate birth weight(BtW) were selected. After euthanization, the Semitendinosus muscle(STM) was removed and weighed, and the light and dark portions(STM_d and STM_l) were prepared for myofiber histochemistry using ATPase staining and the entire STM for gene expression analysis of myogenesis-related genes using RT-qPCR. In addition, various organs were removed and weighed. Data were analyzed using the MIXED model in ***: No effect of either IUC or dietary treatment was found in litter characteristics. Offspring of ARG sows displayed a greater muscle area in STM(P < 0.01) as a result of the greater myofiber hyperplasia(P < 0.01). The increase was more distinct in the STM_l(P < 0.05) than in the STM_d(P = 0.131). Offspring of OL sows were heavier at birth(P < 0.01), had a heavier STM(P < 0.05), liver(P < 0.01) and kidney(P < 0.05), but when expressed relative to birth weight, these differences were absent. In addition, IUC had an effect(P < 0.05) on the expression of one of the myogenesis-related

关键词： Dietary supplement Early gestation Intra-uterine growth restriction Myofiber hyperplasia Neonate Sow prolificacy

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Analysis and optimization based on a sex pheromone and pesticide pest model with gestation delay

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2019年第5期12卷 115-136页

作者： Shu Xiang Yongzhen Pei Xiyin Liang School of Mathematical Sciences Tianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin 300387 P.R.China

Sex pheromone,aiming at mating disruption (MD),being species specific and leaving no toxic residues in the produce grown,offers an attractive alternative to conventional *** this paper,by incorporating the gestation delay and sex pheromone,we explore the impact of MD control on the dynamic behaviors of pest ***,the boundness,stability and bifurcation of system are ***,an optimal control problem based on sex pheromone and pesticide is transformed into an equivalent optimal parameter selection problem by introducing the constrain violation ***,the gradients of the cost function with respect to the dose of sex pheromone and the killing rate are ***,simulations are executed to validate the validity of our ***,our results indicate that gestation delay increases the extinction risk of the population and liberating sex pheromone destroys the stability of equilibrium states.

关键词： Sex pheromone gestation constrain violation function stability optimization.

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Effects of dietary protein level on nutrients digestibility and reproductive performance of female mink(Neovison vison)during gestation

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第2期1卷 65-69页

作者： Qingkui Jiang Guangyu Li Tietao Zhang Haihua Zhang Xiuhua Gao Xiumei Xing Jiaping Zhao Fuhe Yang State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Feed Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The objective of this study was to determine whether nutrient digestibility and reproductive performance of pregnant mink(Neovison vison) were affected by different dietary protein levels. One hundred and twenty female mink were randomly assigned to four groups, receiving diets of fresh material with different protein levels. The dietary protein levels,expressed as percentage of dry matter(DM),were 32,36, 40 and 44% respectively. These values corresponded to average 320, 360, 400 and 440 g protein/kg DM, respectively. Results were as follows. All of crude protein digestibility, nitrogen(N) intake, N retention increased along with dietary protein level increasing. Low protein level(32%) significantly reduced the above indicators(P gestation.

关键词： Female mink Protein level gestation Reproductive performance

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gestation-specific reference intervals for fetal cardiac Doppler indices from 12 to 40 weeks of gestation

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013年第1期3卷 97-104页

作者： Rajeswari Parasuraman Clive Osmond David T. Howe MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit Southampton General Hospital Southampton UK Wessex Maternal and Fetal Medicine unit Princess Anne Hospital Southampton UK

We aimed to establish gestation age specific reference intervals for Doppler indices of fetal cardiac function from 12 to 40 weeks of pregnancy. In a cross-sectional observational study of singleton pregnancies, examinations were performed in 221 women evenly distributed across each week of pregnancy. Blood flow through the four cardiac valves was examined with Doppler. For the atrioventricular valves, velocity and duration of early (E) and atrial (A) waves and the interval (a) between E/A complexes was recorded. For the outflow valves, the duration (b), peak and average velocity of flow in systole was measured. Myocardial performance index (MPI) was calculated as (a - b)/b. Outlet valve diameters were measured and cardiac outputs were calculated. gestation age specific ranges were constructed for all these parameters. We demonstrated that the cardiac output, peak systolic and time-averaged velocity increase with advancing gestation. However the MPI and E/A ratios show little change across gestation. Fetal cardiac physiology can be studied and Doppler indices reliably measured as early as the late first trimester of pregnancy. Establishing gestation age specific ranges for various cardiac indices throughout pregnancy will help the study of development of fetal cardiac function.

关键词： Cardiac Doppler Fetal gestation Age Reference Range Ultrasound

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Impact of Periconceptional Multi-micronutrient Supplementation on gestation:A Population-based Study

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第1期26卷 23-31页

作者： WANG Ya Fei PEI Li Jun SONG Xin Ming CHEN Gong ZHENG Xiao Ying Institute of Population Research/WHO Collaborating Center on Reproductive Health and Population Science Peking University

Objective To examine the effect of periconceptional multi‐micronutrient supplementation on gestation and birth *** A population‐based community intervention program was conducted in 18 counties in *** were divided into an intervention group,who received multi‐micronutrient supplementation from at least 3 months before pregnancy throughout the first trimester,and a control *** women were followed up to record information about birth *** socio‐economic characteristics and main birth outcomes were *** age was further analyzed using survival analysis,to determine the time distribution of *** Periconceptional multi‐micronutrient supplementation was associated with higher birth weight,birth length and occipitofrontal head circumference,and with lower incidence rates for stillbirth,low birth weight,and preterm ***,periconceptional multi‐micronutrient supplementation changed the time distribution of delivery,making the deliveries more clustered in the period between day 275 and day 295 of *** Our study shows that periconceptional multi‐micronutrient supplementation is beneficial for fetal development and optimizes all measured aspects of health in neonates in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas in *** change in time distribution of deliveries caused by multi‐micronutrient supplementation needs further clarification.

关键词： Multi‐micronutrient Supplementation gestation Birth weight gestational age

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Metastasia Lesion of gestation Trophoblastic Tumor in Abdominopelvic Cavity Diagnosed by Sonographic and Doppler Imaging

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Open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics 2015年第1期5卷 24-31页

作者： Guozhen Yan Yanfen Yuan Yang Liu Yunmei Lv Aihua Li Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics The First Affiliated Hospital of the Baotou Medical College Baotou China

Objective: The purpose of this study was to review clinical data of metastasia lesion of gestation trophoblastic tumor (GTT) in abdominopelvic cavity by color Doppler ultrasound. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 13 cases of GTT in China was performed. Clinical appearances, serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels, sonographic findings, Doppler waveforms, and patient outcomes were followed up. Color Doppler ultrasound was performed to diagnose the presence of GTT, detect metastasia lesion in abdominopelvic cavity, assess disease recurrence, and monitor the efficacy of chemotherapy. Results: Of the 13 patients with GTT, 4 had choriocarcinoma which 3 cases occurred after an abortion, 1 after a year of dilation and suction evacuation for the hydatidform mole. Metastasia lesion in abdominopelvic cavity was detected by color Doppler ultrasound in all cases of choriocarcinoma, among which the metastasia lesion were found at uterine fundus, near uterus, colon and cystic vascular space near the uterus, repectively. 9 cases with an invasive hydatidiforn mole (IHM) occurred after one to three months of dilation and suction evacuation for the hydatidform mole, consistant with the hCG levels markedly elevating. Metastasia lesion in abdominopelvic cavity was also detected by color Doppler ultrasound besides invasive lesion in uterine muscular layer in all cases of IHM, among which 3 cases showed metastasia lesion in cystic vascular space near the uterus, 2 cases were detected in side wall of pelvic cavity, while the rest were found in abdominal cavity, right kidney, colon and near uterus, respectively. Meanwhile, the image of metastasia lesion with IHM was similar to choriocarcinoma’s. And the reticular structure, the cystic vascular space and solid lesion may be showed by ultrasound. The metastasia lesion had abundant flow. Doppler waveforms showed resistive indices of 0.34 (SD 0.07) for metastasia lesion. There was the same lower-impedance as invasive le

关键词： gestation Trophoblastic Tumor Color Doppler Ultrasound Metastasia Lesion

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The contents and effect of angiotensin Ⅱ on hCG release in human placental villi during the first trimester of gestation

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生殖医学杂志 1995年第S1期4卷 25-30页

作者：王红邹爱民焦丽红陈忠科

ＴｈｅｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｓａｎｄｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆａｎｇｉｏｔｅｎｓｉｎⅡｏｎｈＣＧｒｅｌｅａｓｅｉｎｈｕｍａｎｐｌａｃｅｎｔａｌｖｉｌｌｉｄｕｒｉｎｇｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｔｒｉｍｅｓｔｅｒｏｆｇｅｓｔａｔｉｏｎＷａｎｇＨｏｎ... 详细信息

ＴｈｅｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｓａｎｄｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆａｎｇｉｏｔｅｎｓｉｎⅡｏｎｈＣＧｒｅｌｅａｓｅｉｎｈｕｍａｎｐｌａｃｅｎｔａｌｖｉｌｌｉｄｕｒｉｎｇｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｔｒｉｍｅｓｔｅｒｏｆｇｅｓｔａｔｉｏｎＷａｎｇＨｏｎｇ（王红），ＺｏｕＡｉｍｉｎ（邹爱...

关键词： hCG Angiotensin II Placental villi gestation

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gestational heat stress alters skeletal muscle gene expression profiles and vascularity in fetal pigs in a sexually dimorphic manner

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第6期13卷 1785-1798页

作者： Weicheng Zhao Mark P.Green Christina D.Marth Fan Liu Hieu H.Le Gordon S.Lynch Alan W.Bell Brian J.Leury Frank R.Dunshea Jeremy J.Cottrell School of Agriculture and Food Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia School of BioSciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Melbourne Veterinary School Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneWerribeeVIC 3030Australia Rivalea Australia Pty Ltd CorowaNSW 2646Australia Centre for Muscle Research Department of Anatomy and PhysiologyThe University of MelbourneParkville 3010Australia Department of Animal Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853-4801USA Faculty of Biological Sciences The University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK

Background: There is evidence that sow heat stress(HS) during gestation affects fetal development with implications for impaired muscle growth. We have previously demonstrated that maternal HS during early to midgestation compromised muscle fibre hyperplasia in developing fetal pigs. Thus, we hypothesised these phenotypic changes are associated with a change in expression of genes regulating fetal skeletal muscle development and metabolism. To test this, at d 60 of gestation, RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry were performed on fetal longissimus dorsi(LD) muscle biopsies collected from pregnant gilts that had experienced either thermoneutral control(CON, 20 ℃, n = 7 gilts, 18 LD samples) or controlled HS(cyclic 28 to 33 ℃, n = 8 gilts, 23 LD samples)conditions for 3 ***: A total of 282 genes were differentially expressed between the HS and CON groups in female LD muscles(false discovery rate(FDR) ≤ 0.05), whereas no differentially expressed genes were detected in male LD muscles between the two groups(FDR > 0.05). gestational HS increased the expression of genes associated with transcription corepressor activity, adipogenesis cascades, negative regulation of angiogenesis and pro-inflammatory signalling in female LD muscles. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed a decreased muscle vascularity density in fetuses from HS group for both sexes compared to those from the CON group(P = 0.004).Conclusions: These results reveal gilt HS during early to mid-gestation altered gene expression profiles in fetal LD muscles in a sexually dimorphic manner. The molecular responses, including transcription and angiogenesis repressions and enhanced adipogenesis cascades, were exclusively observed in females. However, the associated reductions in muscle vascularity were observed independently of sexes. Collectively this may indicate female fetal pigs are more adaptive to gestational HS in terms of gene expression changes, and/or there may be sexually dimorphic differences

关键词： Adipogenesis Angiogenesis Fetal pig gestation Heat stress Sexual dimorphism Skeletal muscle Sows

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