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genetic differentiation of Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius）（Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae） biotype Q based on mitochondrial DNA markers

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Insect Science 2008年第2期15卷 115-123页

作者： Dong Chu Fang-Hao Wan Yun-Li Tao Guo-Xia Liu Zhong-Xue Fan Yu-Ping Bi High-tech Research Center Shandong Academy of Agncultural Sciences Jinan Shandong The State Key Laboratory for Biology ofPlant Diseasesand Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agncultural Sciences Beijing China

In the present study, genetic differentiation of Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius） biotype Q was analyzed based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I （mt CO1） gene sequence. The results showed that B. tabaci biotype Q could be separated into two subclades, which were labeled as subclades Q1 and Q2. Subclade Q1 was probably indigenous to the regions around the Mediterranean area and subclade Q2 to Israel or Cyprus. It was because B. tabaci was composed of several genetically distinct groups with a strong geographical association between more closely related biotypes. Not all of the B. tabaci biotype Q in the non-Mediterranean countries come from the same regions. Until now, all B. tabaci biotype Q in China were grouped into subclade Q 1. The B. tabaci biotype Q introduced into the US included both subclades Q 1 and Q2. The genetic structure analysis showed higher genetic variation of subclade Q 1 than that of subclade Q2.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci biotype Q genetic differentiation mitochondria COI gene

genetic differentiation of Helicoverpa armigera （Hübner） and H. assulta （Guenée）（Lepidoptera： Noctuidae） based on AFLP markers

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Insect Science 2006年第6期13卷 437-444页

作者： QING-LEI MING CHEN-ZHU WANG State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing School of Life Sciences Xuzhou Normal UniversityXuzhou Jiangsu China

Here we use amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） to assess genetic differentiation of Helicoverpa armigera and H. assulta. The results indicated that both species-specific fingerprints and cluster analysis showed the ability of AFLP technique to discriminate the two sibling species; among a total 1963 AFLP markers amplified from nine primer combinations： 777 （39.6%） were H. armigera-specific, 602 （30.7%） were H. assulta- specific, and 584 （29.7%） were common bands. The mean number ofH. armigera-specific bands was significantly more than that of H. assulta-specific bands for nine primer combinations （P 〈 0.05）; the intraspecific distance of H. armigera and H. assulta was 0.123 0 and 0.110 7 respectively, and the interspecific distance was 0.178 3. In addition, the percentage of polymorphic loci and estimated average heterozygosity were used to estimate genetic diversity of the two species. This study therefore demonstrates that AFLP analysis is a sensitive and reliable technique to study genetic differentiation and genetic relationships between species and provides sufficient molecular markers for future linkage map conslruction, location and eventual cloning of genes involved in traits differentiation.

关键词： AFLP analysis genetic differentiation Helicoverpa armigera H. assulta molecular markers

genetic differentiation of A and B Chromosomes Between Common Wheat and Wild Emmer as Revealed by RFLP Analysis

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2000年第5期42卷 502-506页

作者：戎均康刘宝浙江大学农学系杭州310029 东北师范大学细胞与遗传研究所长春130024

To investigate chromosome differentiation of genome A and B between common wheat and wild emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides (Koern.) Bowden), the authors conducted a RFLP analysis of the two species using 153 genomic, cDNA and chromosome_specific probes. 75.8% of the probes had detected hybridization polymorphism in at least one of the five restriction enzymes. However, the polymorphic probes were unevenly distributed among different homoeologous groups, between different genomes and in different regions of a single chromosome. Homoeologous group 1 possessed the highest level of polymorphism (96.2%), followed by group 6 and 2 (84.6% and 82.1% respectively). In contrast, only 60%-67% of probes of the other four groups was polymorphic. In most groups the number of probes capable of detecting B chromosome polymorphism was slightly higher than that revealing A chromosome difference (totally 51.8% vs 43.1%). In a single chromosome, RFLP was predominant in the distal region (65.1%) and showed a decreasing trend from the proximal (46.2%) to the pericentric (42.4%) regions. The results suggest that there exists a substantial amount of DNA polymorphism between the A and B chromosomes of common wheat and those of wild emmer wheat, indicating that a considerable degree of genetic differentiation has taken place in the A and B genoms of two species during evolution from wild emmer to common wheat. The extent of the genetic differentiation may vary among different homoeologous groups, between A and B chromosomes and in different regions of individual chromosome.

关键词： wheat chromosome_arm substitution lines genetic differentiation RFLP species evolution

genetic differentiation of Different Geographical Populations of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) Complex

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2007年第6期6卷 696-705页

作者： CHU Dong LIU Guo-xia FAN Zhong-xue TAO Yun-li ZHANG You-jun High-Tech Research Center Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jinan 250100 P.R.China Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R.China

Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius） is a species complex, which includes different geographical populations with genetic differentiation. The recent progress on the genetic differentiation of various geographical populations of B. tabaci complex was introduced. The genetic differentiation was further analyzed on the basis of the sequences of mtDNA COI and rDNA ITS1 recorded in the world＇s GenBank. Five groups are defined on the basis of mtDNA COI and rDNA ITS1, including the Asia group, America group, Africa group, Australia group, and Biotype B/Mediterranean/Middle East/ Northern Africa/Biotype Ms group. There are several ungrouped geographical classifications, such as the Uganda population, Ivory Coast population, and Taiwan population. Geographical isolation may be the most important factor that contributed to the genetic differentiation of various geographical populations of B. tabaci. Many populations with biological advantages invaded new regions and caused severe economic losses within human activity. It is necessary to strengthen the research of B. tabaci biotype to prevent the spread of invaded populations and the invasion of potentially dangerous populations.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) geographical populations mtDNA COI rDNA ITS 1 genetic differentiation

Low genetic diversity and high genetic differentiation in the critically endangered Omphalogramma souliei (Primulaceae):implications for its conservation

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2009年第2期47卷 103-109页

作者： Yuan HUANG Chang-Qin ZHANG De-Zhu LI(Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650204,China) Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650204 China

Omphalogramma souliei *** an endangered perennial herb only distributed in alpine areas of SW *** markers were applied to determine the genetic variation and genetic structure of 60 individuals of three populations of *** in NW Yunnan,*** genetic diversity at the species level is low with P= 42.5%(percentage of polymorphic bands) and Hsp=0.1762(total genetic diversity).However,a high level of genetic differentiation among populations was detected based on different measures(Nei’s genetic diversity analysis:Gst=0.6038;AMOVA analysis:Fst=0.6797).Low level of genetic diversity within populations and significant genetic differentiation among populations might be due to the mixed mating system in which xenog-amy predominated and autogamy played an assistant role in *** genetic drift due to small population size and limited current gene flow also resulted in significant genetic *** assessment of genetic variation and differentiation of the endangered species provides important information for conservation on a genetic *** strategies for this rare endemic species are proposed.

关键词： genetic differentiation genetic diversity ISSR markers mating system Omphalogramma souliei

Microsatellite variability reveals high genetic diversity and low genetic differentiation in a critical giant panda population

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Current Zoology 2011年第6期57卷 717-724页

作者： Jiandong YANG Zhihe ZHANG Fujun SHEN Xuyu YANG Liang ZHANG Limin CHEN Wenping ZHANG Qing ZHU Rong HOU College of Animal Science Sichuan Agricultural University Ya＇an 625014 China The Key Laboratory for Conservation Biology of Endangered Wildlife Sichuan Province Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding Chengdu 610081 China Wildlife Conservation Division Sichuan Forestry Department Chengdu 610082 China Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve Guangyuan 628109 Sichuan China

Understanding present patterns of genetic diversity is critical in order to design effective conservation and manage- ment strategies for endangered species. Tangjiahe Nature Reserve （NR） is one of the most important national reserves for giant pandas Ailuropoda melanoleuca in China. Previous studies have shown that giant pandas in Tangjiahe NR may be threatened by population decline and fragmentation. Here we used 10 microsatellite DNA markers to assess the genetic variability in the Tang- jiahe population. The results indicate a low level of genetic differentiation between the Hongshihe and Motianling subpopulations in the reserve. Assignment tests using the Bayesian clustering method in STRUCTURE identified one genetic cluster from 42 in- dividuals of the two subpopulations. All individuals from the same subpopulation were assigned to one cluster. This indicates high gene flow between subpopulations. F statistic analyses revealed a low Fzs-value of 0.024 in the total population and implies a randomly mating population in Tangjiahe NR. Additionally, our data show a high level of genetic diversity for the Tangjiahe population. Mean allele number （A）, Allelic richness （AR） and mean expected heterozygosity （HE） for the Tangjiahe population was 5.9, 5.173 and 0.703, respectively. This wild giant panda population can be restored through concerted effort

关键词： Ailuropoda melanoleuca Microsatellite genetic diversity genetic differentiation Tangjiahe Nature Reserve

Morphological characteristics and genetic differentiation of Lutraria maxima in coast waters off southeast China

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第4期39卷 1387-1402页

作者： Kang CHEN Weifeng WANG Weilin ZHU Xiuli CHEN Huanling WANG Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal GeneticsBreeding and ReproductionMinistry of EducationCollege of FisheryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture Guangxi Academy of Fishery SciencesNanning 530021China

To explore genetic diversity and estimate the genetic differences among populations of Lutraria maxima in the coastal waters off south to southeast China,the morphology of the species of five different geographical populations(Beihai,Weizhou Island,Zhanjiang,Xiamen,and Fuzhou)in Guangxi,Guangdong,and Fujian provinces was studied statistically in combination with the microsatellite *** revealed by morphological principal component analysis(PCA),the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 72.596%.The discrimination accuracy ranged from 47.5%to 80.0%,and the scatter plots of principal component and discriminant analysis were consistent in overall,showing that the Xiamen and Fuzhou populations were overlapped *** microsatellite markers,10 pairs of polymorphic primers were obtained by high-throughput transcriptome sequencing,and used for genetic diversity *** was showed that the average number of alleles and eff ective alleles observed in each population ranged from 8.100 to 10.900,and from 3.497 to 4.228,*** average observed heterozygosity(H_(o))and expected heterozygosity(H_(e))in the five populations ranged from 0.541 to 0.615,and from 0.642 to 0.733,*** genetic distance(DA)ranged from 0.078 to 0.523,and the population genetic differentiation index(F_(ST))ranged from 0.027 to *** unweighted pair-population method with arithmetic means(UPGMA)and structure analysis showed that the five populations could be divided into two main clusters,the Beibu Gulf group(Beihai and Weizhou Island)and the Southeast China Sea group(Zhanjiang,Xiamen,and Fuzhou),suggesting that *** has been separated geographically by the barrier of the Leizhou Peninsula into two groups in evolution,which provided us with a scientific clue to better protect the bioresource and establish an appropriate fishery management stocks for *** populations in south China.

关键词： Lutraria maxima morphological difference microsatellite markers genetic diversity genetic differentiation transcriptome

Microsatellite-Based genetic differentiation and Phylogeny of Sheep Breeds in Mongolia Sheep Group of China

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第7期10卷 1080-1087页

作者： SUN Wei CHANG Hong Musa Hussein Hassan LIAO Xin-jun CHU Ming-xing Kija James Animal Science and Technology College Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 P.R.China Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Nyala Nyala 155 Sudan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal genetic Resources and Utilization Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100193 P.R.China Queensland Bioscience Precinct 306 Carmody Road St Lucia QLD 40723 Australia

In the present study we studied the genetic structure of five Chinese sheep populations of Hu sheep, Tong sheep, Small-tailed Han sheep, Tan sheep, and Wadi （WD） sheep using 15 microsatellite loci. The results showed that the FIT, FST, and FIS statistics computed for the complete dataset had the following values, 0.523±0.140, 0.363±0.131 and 0.263±0.092, respectively. All loci were significantly contributed to the genetic differentiation among population （P0.001）. There is no relationship between the scatter of pairwise FST geographical distance points as geographical distance increases between the five populations. Membership probabilities and genetic structure of sheep populations were estimated when K=2, the populations were classified into Hu, Tong, Han and WD, and Tan sheep group. However, when K=3, the populations were classified into Hu and Tong, Han and WD, and Tan sheep group. The findings supported the previous literatures that these populations are originated on different time stages from the primogenitor population and communicated genetically with each other by natural and artificial selection in different ecological environment.

关键词： genetic differentiation genetic phylogeny microsatellite DNA Mongolian sheep

Effects of abamectin selection on the genetic differentiation within Plutella xylostella （Lepidoptera： Plutellidae） based on amplified fragment length polymorphism

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Insect Science 2010年第4期17卷 353-360页

作者： Xiao-Mao Zhou Qing-Jun Wu You-Jun Zhang Lian-Yang Bai Xiong-Ying Huang Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing Department of Pesticide Science Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China

Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella （L.） is one of the most serious insect pests for its remarkable ability to develop resistance to virtually every insecticide that has been used against it. In the present study, amplified fragment length poly- morphism （AFLP） is used to study the genetic differentiation as well as the effects of abamectin-selection on population genetic differentiation for P. xylostella. A dendrogram was constructed from the matrix of genetic distances using the STATISTICA software （Version 4.5） and unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages （UPGMA）. The data demonstrated that compared to the susceptible strain （ABM-s）, the heterozy- gosity in the abamectin-resistant strain （ABM-r） decreased with the increased selection pressure and resistant level. When the resistance ratio was below 4.3, there was no sig- nificant differentiation at the genome DNA level. When the resistance ratio reached 5.8, a fairly significant differentiation began to appear, and when the resistance ratio reached and exceeded 8.1, there appeared a significant genetic differentiation. The results suggest that abamectin selection is associated with increased genetic polymorphism in P. xylostella.

关键词： abamectin resistance AFLP genetic differentiation Plutella xylostella