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generation of Higher Terahertz harmonics in Nonlinear Paraelectrics under Focusing in a Wide Temperature Range

Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2023年第4期15卷 43-58页

作者： Volodymyr Grimalsky Jesus Escobedo-Alatorre Christian Castrejon-Martinez Yered Gomez-Badillo Center for Investigations on Engineering and Applied Science (CIICAp) Institute for Investigations on Basic and Applied Science (IICBA) Autonomous University of State Morelos (UAEM) Cuernavaca Mor. Mexico Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Zacatepec Zacatepec Mor. Mexico

It is theoretically investigated the generation of higher harmonics of two-dimensional and three-dimensional terahertz electromagnetic beams in nonlinear crystals. The attention is paid to crystalline paraelectrics like SrTiO3 under the temperatures 60 - 200 K, these crystals possess the cubic nonlinearity. The bias electric field is applied to provide the dominating quadratic nonlinearity. The initial focusing of the beams not only increases the efficiency of generation of higher harmonics, but alto makes possible to select maxima of different higher harmonics at some distances from the input. At lower temperatures the nonlinearity behaves at smaller input amplitudes, whereas at higher temperatures the harmonic generation can be observed at higher frequencies up to 1.5 THz. In three-dimensional beams the peak amplitudes of higher harmonics can be bigger than in two-dimensional beams, but the ratios of these peak values to the maximum values of the focused first harmonic are smaller than in two-dimensional beams.

关键词： Terahertz Wave Beams Nonlinear Crystalline Paraelectrics Different Temperatures generation of harmonics Initial Focusing

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Nonlinear Terahertz Electromagnetic Waves in SrTiO₃ Crystals under Focusing

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2016年第10期8卷 226-239页

作者： Volodymyr Grimalsky Svetlana Koshevaya Jesus Escobedo-Alatorre Margarita Tecpoyotl-Torres CIICAp Autonomous University of State Morelos (UAEM) Cuernavaca Mexico

The nonlinear waves of terahertz (THz) range are investigated in the paraelectric crystals SrTiO3 at the temperatures ~77 K. The frequency dispersion is important there. In the absence of a bias electric field the dominating nonlinearity is cubic. The frequency dispersion and nonlinearity correspond to existence of envelope solitons and the modulation instability (MI) of long input pulses, whereas in the transverse direction MI is absent. There exists a possibility to generate the regular sequences of short THz pulses due to MI in bounded SrTiO3 crystals. The focusing of input long pulses reduces the threshold of MI, increases the output amplitudes of the short pulses, and provides more stable generation of the short pulses. It is investigated the frequency multiplication of THz electromagnetic radiation in bounded paraelectric SrTiO3 when a bias electric field is applied. The dominating nonlinearity is quadratic there. The frequency dispersion and the transverse width of the input wave beams affect the generation of higher harmonics. It is possible to select the certain numbers of higher harmonics by means of the optimum length of the crystal, by the width of the beam of the input first harmonic, and by the focusing of the input first harmonic.

关键词： THz Waves SrTiO3 Paraelectric Nonlinearity Frequency Dispersion Focusing Modulation Instability generation of harmonics

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