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Use of Thorium in the generation iv Molten Salt reactors and Perspectives for Brazil

Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第10期8卷 1655-1662页

作者： Jose Antonio Seneda Paulo Ernesto Oliveira Lainetti

Interest in thorium stems mainly from the fact that it is expected to have a substantial increase in uranium prices. So, advanced fuel cycles which increase the reserves of nuclear materials are interesting, particularly, the use of thorium is to produce the fissile isotope ^233U. Thorium is three to five times more abundant than uranium in the earth＇s crust. Additionally, thoria produces less radiotoxicity than the UO2, because it produces fewer amounts of actinides. ThO2 has higher corrosion resistance, besides being chemically stable, and the burning of Pu in a reactor based in thorium also decreases the inventories of Pu from the current fuel cycles. There are some ongoing projects in the world, taking into consideration the proposed goals for generation iv reactors, namely： sustainability, economics, safety and reliability, proliferation resistance and physical protection. Some developments on the use of thorium in reactors are underway, with the support of the IAEA （International Atomic Energy Agency） and some govern like molten salt reactor. In this paper, we discuss the future importance of thorium, particularly for Brazil, which has large mineral reserves of this strategic element, the characteristics of the molten salt reactor and the experience of the IPEN （Instituto de Pesquisas Energ6ticas e Nucleares） in the purification of thorium compounds.

关键词： Molten salt reactor generation iv reactors thorium uranium-233.

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Charting the Future of Nuclear Energy Roadmaps for Fission and Fusion Technologies

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 88-92页

作者： Farhang Mossavar-Rahmani Bahman Zohuri School of Business Technology and Engineering National UniversitySan Diego 92110CaliforniaUSA Ageno School of Business Golden Gate UniversitySan Francisco 94105CaliforniaUSA

As the world faces increasing energy demands and concerns about climate change,nuclear power is experiencing a resurgence as a viable and sustainable energy *** article explores the strategic initiatives concerning the advancement of nuclear technologies,highlighting the prompt adoption of SMRs(small modular reactors),the ongoing advancements in generation iv reactors in the medium term,and the long-term aspirations linked to nuclear *** offer enhanced safety,economic viability,and flexible deployment alternatives,making them an attractive solution for meeting pressing energy *** the medium term,generation iv reactors are anticipated to improve efficiency,sustainability,and safety,effectively tackling the challenges associated with conventional fission ***,significant challenges lie ahead,including public perception,regulatory hurdles,financial barriers,and the need for a skilled *** addressing these challenges,nuclear power can play a pivotal role in creating a sustainable and reliable energy future,contributing significantly to global efforts in climate change mitigation.

关键词： Nuclear power SMRs generation iv reactors nuclear fusion sustainability climate change energy demand public perception regulatory framework workforce development

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