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gas hydrate saturation from NGHP 02 LWD data in the Mahanadi Basin

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Energy Geoscience

Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 279-289页

作者： Uma Shankar Pradeep Kumar Yadav Sneha Devi Udham Singh Yadav Department of Geophysics Institute of ScienceBHUVaranasi221005India Oil and Natural gas Corporation Ltd. Gas Hydrate Research&Technology Centre(GHRTC)Panvel410221Navi MumbaiIndia

During the Indian National gas hydrate Program(NGHP)Expedition 02,Logging-while-drilling(LWD)logs were acquired at three sites(NGHP-02-11,NGHP-02-12,and NGHP-02-13)across the Mahanadi Basin in area *** applied rock physics theory to available sonic velocity logs to know the distribution of gas hydrate at site NGHP-02-11 and *** physics modeling using sonic velocity at well location shows that gas hydrate is distributed mainly within the depth intervals of 150-265 m and 100 -215 mbsf at site NGHP-02-11 and NGHP-02-13,respectively,with an average saturation of about 4%of the pore space and the maximum concentration of about 40%of the pore space at 250 m depth at site NGHP-02-11,and at site NGHP-02-13 an average saturation of about 2%of the pore space and the maximum concentration of about 20%of the pore space at 246 m depth,as gas hydrate is distributed mainly within 100-246 mbsf at this *** of gas hydrate estimated from the electrical resistivity method using density derived porosity and electrical resistivity logs from Archie's empirical formula shows high saturation compared to that from the sonic ***,estimates of hydrate saturation based on sonic P-wave velocity may differ significantly from that based on resistivity,because gas and hydrate have higher resistivity than conductive pore fluid and sonic P-wave velocity shows strong effect on gas hydrate as a small amount of gas reduces the velocity significantly while increasing velocity due to the presence of *** site NGHP-02-11,gas hydrate saturation is in the range of 15%e30%,in two zones between 150-180 and 245-265 *** NGHP-02-012 shows a gas hydrate saturation of 20%e30%in the zone between 100 and 207 *** NGHP-02-13 shows a gas hydrate saturation up to 30%in the zone between 215 and 246 *** observations from rock physics modeling and Archie’s approximation show the gas hydrate concentrations are relatively low(<4%of the pore space)at the sites of the

关键词： Mahanadi Basin gas hydrate Sonic log Effective medium modeling Electrical resistivity log Archie’s analysis gas hydrate saturation

Progress in use of surfactant in nearly static conditions in natural gas hydrate formation

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Frontiers in Energy 2020年第3期14卷 463-481页

作者： Zhen PAN Yi WU Liyan SHANG Li ZHOU Zhien ZHANG College of Petroleum Engineering Liaoning Shihua UniversityFushun 113001China College of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering Liaoning Shihua UniversityFushun 113001China William G.Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

Natural gas hydrate is an alternative energy source with a great potential for *** addition of surfactants has been found to have practical implications on the acceleration of hydrate formation in the industrial *** this paper,the mechanisms of different surfactants that have been reported to promote hydrate formation are ***,the factors influencing surfactant-promoted hydrate formation,including the type,concentration,and structure of the surfactant,are also ***,the effects of surfactants on the formation of hydrate in pure water,brine,porous media,and systems containing multiple surfactants are *** synergistic or inhibitory effects of the combinations of these additives are also ***,the process of establishing kinetic and thermodynamic models to simulate the factors affecting the formation of hydrate in surfactant-containing solutions is illustrated and summarized.

关键词： gas hydrate kinetic hydrate promoter compounding model surfactant mechanism

Deepwater gas kick simulation with consideration of the gas hydrate phase transition

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2014年第1期26卷 94-103页

作者：王志远孙宝江 School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China)

The hydrate phase transition presents new problems and challenges for the deepwater well control in the drilling processes. A simulation model is built for deepwater gas kicks with consideration of the hydrate phase transition. The model is based on the multiphase flow governing equations and the hydrate phase transition calculation equations. The influence of the hydrate phase tran-sition on the gas kick hydraulics is investigated through numerical simulations. It is shown that the diameter of the gas bubbles can significantly influence the hydrate phase transition effect. The influence of the hydrate phase transition on the gas kick hydraulics in-creases with the decrease of the average gas bubble diameter. The hydrate phase transition adds a＂hidden＂nature for the well kick in deepwater and hinders the early detection of the gas kick. The influence of the hydrate phase transition on the gas kick hydraulics is also studied in the case when the hydrate inhibitor is added to the drilling fluid.

关键词： deepwater gas kick simulation gas hydrate phase transition

Change of gas hydrate Reservoir and Its Effect on the Environment in Xisha Trough since the Last Glacial Maximum

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2007年第1期18卷 39-48页

作者：王淑红颜文宋海斌 Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Center for gas hydrate Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

In this article, Milkov and Sassen＇s model is selected to calculate the thickness of the gas hydrate stable zone （GHSZ） and the amount of gas hydrate in the Xisha （西沙） Trough at present and at the last glacial maximum （LGM）, respectively, and the effects of the changes in the bottom water temperature and the sea level on these were also discussed. The average thickness of the GHSZ in Xisha Trough is estimated to be 287 m and 299 m based on the relationship between the GHSZ thickness and the water depth established in this study at present and at LGM, respectively. Then, by assuming that the distributed area of gas hydrates is 8 000 km^2 and that the gas hydrate saturation is 1.2% of the sediment volume, the amounts of gas hydrate are estimated to be -2.76×10^10 m^3 and -2.87×10^10 m^3, and the volumes of hydrate-bound gases are -4.52×10^12 m^3 and -4.71×10^12 m^3 at present and at LGM, respectively. The above results show that the thickness of GHSZ decreases with the bottom water temperature increase and increases with the sea level increase, wherein the effect of the former is larger than that of the latter, that the average thickness of GHSZ in Xisha Trough had been reduced by -12 m, and that 1.9×10^11 m^3 of methane is released from approximately 1.1×10^9m^3 of gas hydrate since LGM. The released methane should have greatly affected the environment.

关键词： gas hydrate last glacial maximum (LGM) bottom water temperature sea level XishaTrough

Seismic rock physical modelling for gas hydrate-bearing sediments

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第9期61卷 1261-1278页

作者： Xinxin LIU Xingyao YIN Xiwu LUAN Key Laboratory of gas hydrate Ministry of Land and Resources Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum (East China)

There are ambiguities and uncertainties in the recognition of gas hydrate seismic reflections and in quantitative predictions of physical information of natural gas hydrate reservoirs from seismic data. Rock physical modelling is a bridge that transforms the seismic information of geophysical observations into physical information, but traditional rock physics models lack descriptions of reservoir micro-structures and pore-filling materials. Considering the mineral compositions and pore microstructures of gas hydrates, we built rock physical models for load-bearing and pore-filling gas hydrate-bearing sediments,describe the mineral compositions, pore connectivity and pore shape using effective media theory, calculated the shear properties of pore-filling gas hydrates using Patchy saturation theory and Generalized gassmann theory, and then revealed the quantitative relation between the elastic parameters and physical parameters for gas hydrate-bearing sediments. The numerical modelling results have shown that the ratios of P-wave and S-wave velocities decrease with hydrate saturation, the P-wave and S-wave velocities of load-bearing gas hydrate-bearing sediments are more sensitive to hydrate saturation, sensitivity is higher with narrower pores, and the ratios of the P-wave and S-wave velocities of pore-filling gas hydrate-bearing sediments are more sensitive to shear properties of hydrates at higher hydrate saturations. Theoretical analysis and practical application results showed that the rock physical models in this paper can be used to calculate the quantitative relation between macro elastic properties and micro physical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments, offer shear velocity information lacking in well logging, determine elastic parameters that have more effective indicating abilities, obtain physical parameters such as hydrate saturation and pore aspect ratios, and provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for gas hydrate quantitative predic

关键词： gas hydrate Rock physical modelling Load-bearing gas hydrate Pore-filling gas hydrate Shear modulus Pore micro-structure Elastic parameter

Three-phase flow of submarine gas hydrate pipe transport

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第9期22卷 3650-3656页

作者：李立徐海良杨放琼 State Key Laboratory of High Performance and Complex Manufacturing (Central South University) School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South University

In the hydraulic transporting process of cutter-suction mining natural gas hydrate, when the temperature-pressure equilibrium of gas hydrate is broken, gas hydrates dissociate into gas. As a result, solid-liquid two-phase flow(hydrate and water) transforms into gas-solid-liquid three-phase flow(methane, hydrate and water) inside the pipeline. The Euler model and CFD-PBM model were used to simulate gas-solid-liquid three-phase flow. Numerical simulation results show that the gas and solid phase gradually accumulate to the center of the pipe. Flow velocity decreases from center to boundary of the pipe along the radial direction. Comparison of numerical simulation results of two models reveals that the flow state simulated by CFD-PBM model is more uniform than that simulated by Euler model, and the main behavior of the bubble is small bubbles coalescence to large one. Comparison of numerical simulation and experimental investigation shows that the values of flow velocity and gas fraction in CFD-PBM model agree with experimental data better than those in Euler model. The proposed PBM model provides a more accurate and effective way to estimate three-phase flow state of transporting gas hydrate within the submarine pipeline.

关键词： gas hydrate pipe transport three-phase flow Euler model CFD-PBM model

Influence of gas hydrate on the Acoustic Properties of Sediment: A Comprehensive Review with a Focus on Experimental Measurements

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第2期96卷 713-726页

作者： ZHANG Qi LIU Xin HE Tao LU Hailong Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution(Ministry of Education) School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing International Center for gas hydrate Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute for Marine Science and Technology Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking UniversityShenzhen 518055China

In recent years, natural gas hydrate has attracted increasing attention worldwide as a potential alternative energy source due to its attributes of wide distribution, large reserves, and low carbon. Since the acoustic characteristics of hydratebearing reservoirs clearly differ from those of adjacent formations, an acoustic approach, using seismic and acoustic logging, is one of the most direct, effective and widely used methods among the identification and characterization techniques for hydrate reservoir exploration. This review of research on the influence of hydrate(content and distribution) on the acoustic properties(velocity and attenuation) of sediments in the past two decades includes experimental studies based on different hydrate formation methods and measurements, as well as rock physics models. The main problems in current research are also pointed out and future prospects discussed.

关键词： gas hydrate acoustic properties rock physics model experimental measurements

Geomorphological-geological-geophysical signatures of high-flux fluid flows in the eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin and effects on gas hydrate accumulation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第7期61卷 914-924页

作者： Zenggui KUANG Yunxin FANG Jinqiang LIANG Jing'an LU Lei WANG Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Ministry of Land and ResourcesGuangzhou Marine Geological Survey New Energy Project Department China National Petroleum Corporation Offshore Engineering Company Limited

Marine hydrate reservoirs can be divided into focused high-flux and distributed low-flux gas hydrate systems according to free gas migration control mechanisms. In focused high-flux hydrate reservoirs, fluids easily break through the pressure of overlying sediments and reach the shallows, creating a series of geomorphological-geological-geophysical anomalies at and near the seafloor. Based on detailed interpretation of pre-drilling data in the eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB),many anomalies related to the high-flux fluid flow are found, including seafloor mounds with intrusive characteristics, bright spot reflections above the bottom-stimulating reflector(BSR), phase reversals in the superficial layer, and an efficient fluid migration and accumulation system composed of fractures and uplifts. The second hydrate drilling expedition was carried out in the eastern PRMB in 2013 to study these anomalies. The acquired data show that high-flux fluid flow occurred in these sites. gas hydrate pingoes, bright spot reflection above the BSR, and an efficient fluid migration and accumulation system can be used as identification signatures for high-flux fluid migration. The modes of high flux fluid flow are different in deep and shallow sediments during upward migration of fluid. gas dissolved within migrating water dominates deep fluid migration and upward migration of a separate gas phase dominates the shallow process. This difference in migration models leads to formation of upper and lower concentrated hydrate reservoirs in the drilling area. The discovery of signatures of high-flux fluid flow and their migration modes will help with site selection and reduce risk in gas hydrate drilling.

关键词： Eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin gas hydrate High-flux fluid flow Geomorphological-geological-geophysicalsignatures

A new high performance gas hydrate inhibitor

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Journal of Natural gas Chemistry 2010年第3期19卷 323-326页

作者： Ehsan Heidaryan Amir Salarabadi Jamshid Moghadasi Alireza Dourbash Faculty of Energy Kermanshah University of Technology Ilam gas Treating Company Petroleum Engineering Department Petroleum University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering University of Tehran Research Institute of Petroleum Industry-Kermanshah campus

In petroleum exploration and production operations,gas hydrates pose serious flow assurance,economic and safety *** inhibitors are widely used to reduce the risks associated with gas hydrate *** the present study,systematic laboratory work was undertaken to determine synergistic effects between methanol and a Poly Vinyl Methyl Ether as Low Dosage hydrate Inhibitors（LDHIs）.A valuable effect was discovered at a certain ratio of methanol to the low dosage hydrate inhibitor.

关键词： gas hydrate methanol poly vinyl methyl ether low dosage hydrate inhibitors