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growth of Micropropagated Solanum tuberosum *** under Artificial Solar Spectrum and Different Mono-and Polychromatic LED Lights

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2022年第2期8卷 205-214页

作者： Olga V.Grishchenko Eugeny P.Subbotin Irina V.Gafitskaya Yulia V.Vereshchagina Elena V.Burkovskaya Yulia A.Khrolenko Valeria P.Grigorchuk Olga V.Nakonechnaya Victor P.Bulgakov Yuri N.Kulchin Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostok 690022Russia Institute of Automation and Control Processes Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostok 690041Russia

In agriculture,LED light sources have increasingly replaced the standard luminescent lamps and have acquired an important role in plant *** studied the effect of different light sources such as narrow-band LEDs(bright blue,blue,green,yellow,deep red,and red)and wide-band LEDs(cold white,white,warm white,full spectrum,and an artificial solar spectrum sun box constructed by us)on development of potato plantlets in *** luminescent lamps were used as a *** light intensity of 49μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)was provided in all light *** showed that the long-wave narrow-band light treatments were inapplicable for potato micropropagation,because plantlets were weak with small leaves,inhibited roots,and significantly elongated *** lights provided growth of shortened plantlets with large leaves,well-growing roots,and abundant green *** chlorophyll content was lower under blue and bright blue light and was at the same level in the remained *** differences in the stomatal apparatus development were observed depending on the light *** differences were not always reflected in the plantlet phenotype:e.g.,plantlets under blue and bright blue lights showed no differences in any characteristics except stomatal density and size of stomatal guard *** found no significant effect of blue light portion in the white lights and full spectrum on plantlet *** artificial solar spectrum sun box was the most suitable for potato micropropagation,because it supported the development of plantlets with good fitness,uniform internodes length,abundant roots and green mass accumulation.

关键词： Solanum tuberosum LED Artificial solar light growth Micropropagation

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growth plasticity of conifers did not avoid declining resilience to soil and atmospheric droughts during the 20th century

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第2期10卷 238-251页

作者： Tong Zheng Jordi Martínez-Vilalta Raúl García-Valdés Antonio Gazol J.Julio Camarero Changcheng Mu Maurizio Mencuccini Northeast Forestry University Harbin150040China CREAF E08193 Bellaterra(Cerdanyola del Vallès)CataloniaSpain Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona E08193 Bellaterra(Cerdanyola del Vallès)CataloniaSpain Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya(CTFC) E-25280SolsonaSpain Department of Biology GeologyPhysics and Inorganic ChemistryRey Juan Carlos University28933MóstolesMadridSpain Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia(IPE-CSIC) Zaragoza50059Spain ICREA 08010BarcelonaSpain

Background:Plasticity in response to environmental drivers can help trees cope with ***,our understanding of the importance of plasticity and physiological adjustments in trees under global change is ***:We used the International Tree-Ring Data Bank(ITRDB)to examine 20th century growth responses in conifer trees during(resistance)and following(resilience)years of severe soil and atmospheric droughts occurring in isolation or as compound *** resilience indices were calculated using observed growth divided by expected growth to avoid spurious correlations,in which the expected values were obtained by the autoregressive moving average(ARIMA)*** used high atmospheric vapour pressure deficit(VPD)to select years of atmospheric drought and low annual values of the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI)to select years with soil *** acquired the sensitivities(i.e.,the slopes of the relationships)by fitting the resilience indices as a function of environmental drivers,and assessed how these sensitivities changed over time for different types of drought events using linear mixed *** also checked whether plasticity in growth responses was sufficient to prevent long-term trends of growth reductions during or after severe *** acknowledge that by focusing on the response of surviving trees from the ITRDB we are potentially biasing our results towards higher resilience,as stand level responses(e.g.,mortality)may result in lowered competition after the disturbance ***:Sensitivities of resilience to VPD and SPEI changed throughout the 20th century,with the directions of these changes often reversing in the second half of the *** the 1961–2010 period,changing sensitivities had positive effects on resilience,especially following years of high-VPD and compound events,avoiding growth losses that would have occurred if sensitivities had remained *** sensitivity changes,resilience

关键词： Tree rings growth Drought Vapor pressure deficit Plasticity Acclimation

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growth and F_v/F_m in embryos of Hizikia fusiformis (Harvey) Okamura (Sargassaceae,Phaeophyta) cultured under different temperature and irradiance conditions

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第5期36卷 1798-1805页

作者： WANG Longle ZHANG Xin ZOU Dinghui CHEN Weizhou JIANG Heng School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China The Science and Technology Division South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China Marine Biology Institute Science CenterShantou UniversityShantou 515063China

Understanding the embryo physiology of Hizikia fusiformis（Harvey） Okamura will promote the development of artificial seedlings. In this study, H. fusiformis embryos were cultured under different environmental conditions, including different temperatures（15℃, 20℃, and 25℃）, sunlight intensities（100%, 50%, and 25% of full solar radiation） and types of UVR（UV-A and UV-B）. Then, we determined the lengths, maximal quantum yields（ Fv/Fm）, and survival rates of the embryos. The results showed that the embryos had the highest lengths, Fv/Fm values and survival percentages when cultured under a temperature of 20℃ and 25% sunlight intensity. The full level of solar radiation severely reduced the growth and survival ratios of the embryos. Hizikia embryos recovered within 2 h from the damage caused by short-term（30 min） high radiation（about 70% of full solar radiation） and UVR exposure. However, the viabilities of the embryos were significantly decreased after 4 h exposure to UVR. According to these results, we propose that culture conditions with indoor natural light and room temperature would be favorable for the growth, development and physiology of H izikia embryos.

关键词： Hizikia fusiformis embryos growth Fv/Fm temperature irradiance

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growth performance and physiological parameters of the second generation selected and control groups of Pinctada martensii

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第2期30卷 120-125页

作者： DENG Yuewen YU Ziniu DU Xiaodong WANG Qingheng FU Shao Fisheries College Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang 524025 China South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China

In May of 2007,the second generation selected （SS） and control （SC） groups of pearl oyster Pinctada martensii were established by selecting 10% breeders with the largest and mean shell length,respectively,from the first generation selected *** performance of the SS and SC groups were compared on the basis of measurement data at Days 8,18,60,95,195 and *** Day 365,100 individuals （60.0–75.0 mm at shell length） were sampled from each group and then subjected to the experiment where physiological parameters such as filtrate rate,oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion were measured at 15,20,25 and 30°*** results show that the SS group had significantly larger mean shell length and shell height than the SC group at Days 8,18,60,95,195 and 365 （P 0.05）.The genetic gains at different ages varied from 6.0% to 17.0% for shell length and 5.7% to 14.6% for shell height,*** 15,20,25 and 30 ° C,the SS groups had significantly larger filtrate rate than the SC group （P 0.05）.At 15 and 25 °C,the differences in oxygen consumption rate between the SS and SC groups were not significant （P 0.05）.At 20 and 30 °C,however,the oxygen consumption rate of the SS group was significantly larger than the SC group （P 0.05）.At 15,20,25 and 30 °C,there were no significant differences in ammonia excretion rate between the SS and SC groups （P 0.05）.The present results indicate that there existed considerable genetic variability in the base population and a further selection could be likely *** selection for faster growth might produce animals that had higher intake of metabolizable energy by virtue of faster filtrating behavior.

关键词： Pinctada martensii the second generation selected group growth genetic gains physiological parameters

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growth and Resource Accumulation of Drifting Sargassum horneri(Fucales, Phaeophyta) in Response to Temperature and Nitrogen Supply

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第5期18卷 1216-1226页

作者： YU Jia LI Jingyu WANG Qiaohan LIU Yan GONG Qingli Laboratory of Phycology and Algae Aquaculture College of FisheriesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Ministry of Education Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China

The abnormal increase of drifting brown alga Sargassum horneri was initially documented in *** formed blooms along the coast of East China Sea and Yellow Sea in *** this study,we investigated the changes of specific growth rate and resource accumulation of drifting *** in response to temperature and nitrogen richness at different growth stages under laboratory *** investigation lasted from June 2015 to April 2016 with the observation made every two *** results showed that the life cycle consists of a few growth stages dividable with morphological *** growth can be divided into shedding and withering(August),rapid growing(October to September),slow growing(February),rapid growing(April)and maturation(June)*** the experimental condition,algal segments were found to grow at temperatures ranging from 5 to 25℃in 12 days even when nitrogen is deficient.A significant difference in the special growth rate(SGR)between nitrogen-enriched and nitrogen-removed treatments was found in most months(P<0.05).SGR was lower in August and February than that in other *** and chlorophyll contents in algal segments were different among different temperatures,nitrogen supply and *** content was higher in February and April than that in other months in both nitrogen-enriched and nitrogen-removed *** results showed that the demand of *** for nitrogen increased in spring when it grows *** is likely that the high temperature and nitrogen concentration in winter and spring lead to the high biomass accumulation of drifting ***.

关键词： nitrogen supply temperature cultivation growth stage drifting population Sargassum horneri

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growth inhibition and oxidative stress in two species of marine diatoms exposed to 1-phenylethanol

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第4期37卷 1342-1352页

作者： DOU Xiang MENG Fanping DUAN Weiyan LIU Qunqun LI Hao DU Shuhao PENG Xiaoling Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Ministry of Education Qingdao 266000 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266000 China

1-phenylethanol (1-PEA) is a flavor extensively used in the production of cosmetics, beverages, and food. The release of 1-PEA into coastal environments has aroused great concern. However, its potential effects on marine organisms are still unknown. In order to provide a better understanding of the ecological risks of 1-PEA in marine environments, this study determined the toxic effects of 1-PEA on two marine diatoms (Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Skeletonema costatum). The diatoms were grown in culture medium containing different concentrations of 1-PEA for 96 h. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), were measured at the end of the exposure period. 1-PEA was shown to significantly inhibit the growth of diatoms, with 96-h EC50 values of 257.14 mg/Land 126.46 mg/L in P. tricornutum and S. costatum, respectively. In P. tricornutum, the levels of SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, and MDA were stimulated only when 1-PEA concentrations were close to or greater than the 96-h EC50 value. However, in S. costatum, the activities of SOD and CAT, and the syntheses of two chlorophylls were inhibited even at an exposure concentration below the 96-h EC50 value. Taken together, these findings indicate a potential ecological risk by discharging 1-PEA into coastal areas and its species-specific toxic effects on marine organisms.

关键词： Phaeodactylum tricornutum Skeletonema costatum 1-phenylethanol (1-PEA) growth inhibition oxidative stress

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growth Inhibition Occurs Independently of Cell Mortality in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Exposed to High Cadmium Concentrations

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第3期50卷 300-310页

作者： Christine Delpre Stanley Lutts Unitde Biologie vgtale Universitcatholique de Louvain5(Bte 13) Place Croix du Sud1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Unitde Biologie vgtale Universit catholique de Louvain5(Bte 13) Place Croix du Sud1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium

In order to analyze the adaptation potential of tomato shoots to a sudden increase in Cd concentration, tomato plants （Solanum lycopersicum L. var. Ailsa Craig） were exposed under controlled environmental conditions to a high dose of this heavy metal （250 μm CdCl2） in nutrient solution for 7 and 14d. Both root and shoot growth was completely inhibited but all plants remained alive until the end of the treatment. Cell viability remained unaffected but the activity of the mitochondrial alternative pathway was stimulated by Cd stress at the expense of the cytochrome pathway. Cadmium concentration was higher in roots than in shoots and a decrease in the rate of net Cd translocation was noticed during the second week of stress. Cadmium decreased both leaf conductance （gl） and chlorophyll concentration. However, the effect on net CO2 assimilation remained limited and soluble sugars accumulated in leaves. Photochemical efficiency of PSII （FvlFm） was not affected despite a decrease in the number of reaction centers and an inhibition of electron transfer to acceptors of PSII. It is concluded that tomato shoot may sustain short term exposure to high doses of cadmium despite growth inhibition. This property implies several physiological strategies linked to both avoidance and tolerance mechanisms.

关键词： cadmium chlorophyll fluorescence growth heavy metal toxicity Lycopersicon esculentum tomato

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growth and Wood/Bark Properties of Abies faxoniana Seedlings as Affected by Elevated CO_2

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第3期50卷 265-270页

作者： Yun-Zhou Qiao Yuan-Bin Zhang Kai-Yun Wang Qian Wang Qi-Zhuo Tian Chengdu Institute of Biology the Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Urbanization Processes and Ecological Restoration East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China Agronomic College Shandong Agricultural University Taian 271018 China

growth and wood and bark properties of Abies faxoniana seedlings after one year＇s exposure to elevated CO2 concentration （ambient ＋ 350 （± 25） μmol/mol） under two planting densities （28 or 84 plants/m^2） were investigated in closed-top chambers. Tree height, stem diameter and cross-sectional area, and total biomass were enhanced under elevated CO2 concentration, and reduced under high planting density. Most traits of stem bark were improved under elevated CO2 concentration and reduced under high planting density. Stem wood production was significantly increased in volume under elevated CO2 concentration under both densities, and the stem wood density decreased under elevated CO2 concentration and increased under high planting density. These results suggest that the response of stem wood and bark to elevated CO2 concentration is density dependent. This may be of great importance in a future CO2 enriched world in natural forests where plant density varies considerably. The results also show that the bark/wood ratio in diameter, stem cross-sectional area and dry weight are not proportionally affected by elevated CO2 concentration under the two contrasting planting densities. This indicates that the response magnitude of stem bark and stem wood to elevated CO2 concentration are different but their response directions are the same.

关键词： Abies faxoniana seedling growth industrial production stem bark stem wood density

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growth and yield responses to simulated hail damage in drip-irrigated cotton

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第8期21卷 2241-2252页

作者： WANG Le LIU Yang WEN Ming LI Ming-hua DONG Zhi-qiang CUI Jing MA Fu-yu Agricultural College Shihezi University/National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Information Management and Application Technology for Modern Agricultural Production(XPCC)Shihezi 832003P.R.China

The frequent occurrence of hailstorm in Xinjiang affects cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)production and causes enormous economic *** indeterminate growth habit of cotton allows for varying degrees of recovery and yield when different hail damage levels occur at different stages,which brings inconvenience to agricultural insurance claims and post-damage ***,this study aimed to elucidate cotton recovery and yield responses to different levels of simulated hail damage at different growth *** levels of hail damage(0,30,60,and 90%)were simulated every 15 d from the five-leaf stage to the boll opening stage in 2018 and 2019,for a total of six times(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,and Ⅵ).The results showed that seed cotton yield decreased as the damage level increased and yield reduction increased when the damage was applied to older plants(for 30,60 and 90% damage levels,yield reduction was 9-17%,22-37% and 48-71%,respectively).One possible reason was that the leaf area index and leaf area duration of plant canopy decreased after hail damage,resulting in a reduction in the accumulation of above-ground ***,when hail damage occurred before bloom,due to the indeterminate growth habit of cotton,the vegetative organs produced a strong compensation ability that promoted the bud *** compensation ability of vegetative organs decreased when hail damage occurred after bloom and the recovery time was too short to promote new boll *** the first study to understand the recovery of cotton after hail damage,it analyzed the leaf area index,leaf area duration,above-ground biomass accumulation and yield,rather than the yield *** findings are of great importance for cotton production as they inform decisions about post-damage management practices,yield forecasts and insurance compensation.

关键词： cotton compensation growth simulated hail damage yield

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growth and energy budget of juvenile lenok Brachymystax lenok in relation to ration level

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2015年第2期33卷 347-355页

作者：刘洋李钟杰张堂林苑晶牟振波刘家寿 State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences

We evaluated the effect of ration level （RL） on the growth and energy budget of lenok Brachymystax lenok. Juvenile lenok （initial mean body weight 3.06±0.13 g） were fed for 21 d at five different ration levels： starvation, 2%, 3%, 4% bwd （body weight per day, based on initial mean values）, and apparent satiation. Feed consumption, apparent digestibility, and growth were directly measured. Specific growth rates in terms of wet weight, dry weight, protein, and energy increased logarithmically with an increase in ration levels. The relationship between specific growth rate in terms of wet weight （SGRw, %/d） and RL （%） was characterized by a decelerating curve： SGRw=- 1.417＋3.1661n（RL＋ 1）. The apparent digestibility coefficients of energy exhibited a decreasing pattern with increasing ration level, and there was a significant difference among different RLs. Body composition was significantly affected by ration size. The relationship between feed efficiency rate in terms of energy （FERe） and RL was： FERe=- 14.167＋23.793RL-3.367（RL）2, and the maximum FERe was observed at a 3.53% ration. The maintenance requirement for energy of juvenile lenok was 105.39 kJ BW （kg）-0.80/d, the utilization efficiency of DE for growth was 0.496. The energy budget equation at satiation was： 100IE=29.03FE＋5.78（ZE＋UE）＋39.56 HE＋25.63 RE, where IE is feed energy, FE is fecal energy, ZE＋UE is excretory energy, HE is heat production, and RE is recovered energy. Our results suggest that the most suitable feeding rate for juvenile lenok aquaculture for wet weight growth is 2.89% bwd, whereas for energy growth, the suggested rate is 3.53% bwd at this growth stage.

关键词： ration level growth energy budget Brachymystax lenok

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