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Ampelographic and Genetic Diversity Assessment of Some Local grape Genotypes under Egyptian Conditions

American Journal of Molecular Biology 2023年第3期13卷 183-196页

作者： Rania Ahmed Mahmoud Abeer Aly Dahab Gehan Ahmed Mahmoud Mohamed Abd El-Aziz Abd El-Wahab Emad Hamed El-Bassel Ehab Mawad Badr Mahdy Deciduous Fruits Research Department Biotechnology Central Laboratory Horticulture Research Institute (HRI) Agricultural Research Center (ARC) Giza Egypt Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department Biotechnology Central Laboratory Horticulture Research Institute (HRI) Agricultural Research Center (ARC) Giza Egypt Fruit Crops Handling Research Department Chemical Analysis Central Laboratory Horticulture Research Institute (HRI) Agricultural Research Center (ARC) Giza Egypt Viticulture Research Department Horticulture Research Institute (HRI) Agricultural Research Center (ARC) Giza Egypt Fruit Breeding Department Horticulture Research Institute (HRI) Agricultural Research Center (ARC) Giza Egypt National Gene Bank (NGB) Agricultural Research Center (ARC) Giza Egypt

grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is assumed as one of the most valuable and popular fruit crops all over the world. In this study, ten of local grape germplasm were characterized considering phenotypic diversity and genetic features under Egyptian conditions. Selected local grapes;Baltim Eswid, Edkawy, Matrouh Eswid, Bez El-Naka, Bez El-Anza, Romy Abiad, Romy Ahmer, Gharibi, Fayoumi and Banaty, were spread geographically among seven national governorates. A total of 58 attributes were characterized grape germplasm for the distinctness of vine parts. For molecular characterization, 9 nuclear SSR loci were analysed. Data revealed a broad sense of similarity at the level of studied morphological attributes, where the highest similarity (0.93) was between Romy Ahmer and Romy Abiad. A total of 24 alleles, ranging from 124 - 253 bp in size, were detected at the nine tested loci with an average of 2.67 alleles per locus. The amplification products in all of the 9 SSRs loci showed polymorphism among the 10 grapevine cultivars. The genetic relatedness among most of the cultivars was in accordance with their identification based on ampelographic properties. Data of phenotypic and molecular analysis revealed high variability of Vitis germplasm in Egypt and contributed substantially to our awareness of valuable local grape genetic resources which are on the verge of extinction.

关键词： Ampelographic Germplasm grape Identification Molecular

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Preparation of Microcapsules Containing grape Polyphenol with the Spray Drying Method Followed by the Layer-by-Layer Method

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2015年第2期6卷 56-64页

作者： Yoshinari Taguchi Shinji Arakawa Natsukaze Saito Masato Tanaka Graduate School of Science and Technology Niigata University Niigata Japan

It was tried to prepare the microcapsules containing grape polyphenol with the spray drying method followed by the layer-by-layer method. As grape polyphenol was water soluble, the spray drying method was adopted to obtain the higher content. As the shell material of the first microcapsules prepared by the spray drying method, palmitic acid with the melting point of 60°C was adopted in order to prevent grape polyphenol from dissolution into water. As the shell material of the second microcapsules prepared by the layer-by-layer method, chitosan was used to coat the first microcapsules and to give the microcapsules alcohol resistance. In the experiment, the spray drying conditions such as the inlet temperature and the spraying pressure, the oil soluble surfactant species and the chitosan concentration were changed. The mean diameters of microcapsules could be controlled in the range from 5 μm to 35 μm by changing the spraying pressure and the inlet temperature. The yield of microcapsules and the microencapsulation efficiency over 50% could be obtained under the conditions of P = 1.0 kgf/cm2 and Tin = 100°C. Furthermore, the microencapsulation efficiency could be increased by adding the oil soluble surfactant with the larger HLB value. Coating with chitosan could considerably increase alcohol resistance.

关键词： grape Polyphenol Containing Microcapsules Palmitic Acid Shell Chitosan Shell Spray Drying Method Layer-by-Layer Method

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Variation of Polyphenols, Anthocyanins and Antioxidant Power in the Strawberry grape (Vitis labrusca) after Simulated Gastro-Intestinal Transit and Evaluation of in VitroAntimicrobial Activity

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第1期5卷 60-65页

作者： Tiziana Granese Federica Cardinale Autilia Cozzolino Selenia Pepe Maria Neve Ombra Filomena Nazzaro Raffaele Coppola Florinda Fratianni Institute of Food Science ISA-CNR Avellino Italy Institute of Food Science ISA-CNR Avellino Italy.

The influence of a simulated digestive process on some biochemical and biological aspects of strawberry grape (Vitis labrusca) was investigated. The amount of total polyphenols and anthocyanins as well as the antioxidant power were evaluated. Results evidenced that the simulated gastrointestinal transit caused a decrease of the polyphenols content and total anthocyanins;these last, however, were more resistant than polyphenols, decreasing only of 50% respect to the initial value (31.50 μg/ml of extract). The extract exhibited an excellent antioxidant power (EC50 3.8 mg/ml), which decreased of about four times after the simulated gastrointestinal transit. The antimicrobial activity of the extract, evaluated against three Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus pathogen strains was enhanced by the simulated digestion, with an increase of the inhibition halo.

关键词： Strawberry grape Antioxidants Polyphenols Anthocyanins Antimicrobial Activity

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In Silicoand in VitroApproach for the Understanding of the Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Uruguayan Tannat grape Pomace and Propolis Poliphenols

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Journal of Biophysical Chemistry 2019年第1期10卷 1-14页

作者： Elena Alvareda Federico Iribarne Victoria Espinosa Pablo Miranda Daniela Santi Sara Aguilera S. Bustos Margot Paulino Zunini Centro de Bioinformática Estructural DETEMA Facultad de Química Universidad de la República Montevideo Uruguay Centro Universitario Región Noroeste Sede Salto Universidad de la República Salto Uruguay Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Aplicadas Escuela de Medicina Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad de Santiago de Chile Santiago Chile Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Ciudad Universitaria Córdoba Argentina Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET) Ciudad Universitaria Córdoba Argentina Faculty of Sciences Universidad Católica del Norte Antofagasta Chile

The use of food additives with xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity offers an alternative approach to hyperuricemic and gout disease treatment, and provides an example of antioxidant nutraceutics. The in vitro and in silico XO inhibitory activity of polyphenols from Uruguayan Tannat grape pomaces and propolis extracts was evaluated as well as the scavenging capacity of said compounds. When comparing propolis and grape pomace samples, the in vitro studies demonstrated that polyphenols extracted from propolis are more active as free radical scavengers than those from Tannat grape pomace. Both natural products effectively inhibited XO but the capacity of phenols present in GP is higher than the one present in P. The high content of anthocyanins in GP, absent in P, could account for this observation. In silico assays allowed us to determine relevant ligand-receptor interactions between polyphenols, from a database built with previously reported polyphenols from both natural products, and the active site of XO. The in silico results showed that compound (E)-isoprenylcaffeate from propolis was the best potential XO inhibitor displaying hydrophobic aromatic interaction between the conjugated ring of the caffeate moiety and polar interactions between hydroxyl groups from caffeate with the active site polar residues. Among grape pomaces, the Cyanidin-3-O-(6-(E)-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside was the best XO inhibitor;its moiety oxychromenyl being relevant to the docking stabilization. All these results lead us to propose Uruguayan propolis and Tannat grape pomace extracts as food additives as well as phytopharmaceuticals to decrease the uric acid levels in gout disease and to act against oxidative stress.

关键词： Propolis Tannat grape Pomace Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition Polyphenols Functional Foods

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The Exogenous Application of Abscisic Acid Induce Accumulation of Anthocyanins and Phenolic Compounds of the ‘Rubi’ grape

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 2422-2432页

作者： Francisco José Domingues Neto Adilson Pimentel Junior Cristine Vanz Borges Silvia Regina Cunha Daniel Callili Giuseppina Pace Pereira Lima Sergio Ruffo Roberto Sarita Leonel Marco Antonio Tecchio School of Agriculture S&#227 o Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Brazil Institute of Biosciences S&#227 o Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Brazil Department of Agronomy Londrina State University (UEL) Londrina Brazil

The abscisic acid (ABA) is related to the formation of certain polyphenols, such as anthocyanin, improving the nutritional and commercial quality of the red grapes. In this study, we verified whether the exogenous application of?S-ABA favors the accumulation of anthocyanin, the total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of the?‘Rubi’?grape. The experiment was performed during the cycle 2014/2015 with the?‘Rubi’?vine (Vitis vinifera?L.) grafted in the rootstock 420-A. The experimental design was composed of randomized blocks, with four treatments and six blocks, in a total of 24 experimental parcels, constituted of one plant each. We used the?S-ABA isomer in different concentrations and times of application, 400 mg·L-1?S-ABA in the beginning of the ripening (BR);400 mg·L-1?at BR + 200 mg·L-1?at 25 days after first application (DAFA);400 mg·L-1at BR + 400 mg·L-1?at 25 DAFA;besides the control (0 mg·L-1). After 40 days of the first application, the samples were harvested and we verified that the?S-ABA induced the accumulation of anthocyanins and total phenolic compounds in the?‘Rubi’?grape. From these results we can recommend two applications of?S-ABA, 400 mg·L-1?at BR + 200 mg·L-1?at 25 DAFA.

关键词： Vitis vinifera S-ABA Table grape Bioactives Compounds

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Essential Oil of grape Fruit (Citrus paradisi) Peels and Its Antimicrobial Activities

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第7期4卷 1-9页

作者： Wahab O. Okunowo Olajumoke Oyedeji Lukman O. Afolabi Eniola Matanmi Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria.

Plants and plant products are continuously being explored in medicine against the increasing number of antibiotic resistant organisms. The antimicrobial activity of essential oil of some plants has been demonstrated against a range of organism. This study aimed to determine the chemical constituents and the antimicrobial effects of the oil of grape peels on some clinical isolates. The oil was obtained from the peels by hydrodistillation procedure and analyzed using Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer. The in-vitro antimicrobial property of the methanolic, ethanolic and tween 80 mixture of extract was determined by agar well diffusion method against selected clinical bacterial isolates (Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, E. coli ATCC 25292, Klebsellia pneumonia, Pseudococcus sp., Salmonella typhmurium, Shigella flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococus aureus ATCC 29213) and fungal isolates (Aspergillus niger, Candida albican, and Penicillium chrysogenum). The GC-MS analyses of the oil indicated the amount of the essential oil components was highest with D-Limonene (75.05%), followed by β-myrene (7.25%), α-pinene (2.11%), caryophyllene (1.88%), octanal (1.68) and β-phellandrene (1.18%). Some of the minor components included δ-cadinene (0.89%), copaene (0.82%), methyl phthalate (0.54%), linalool (0.48%) and 3-carene (0.21%). The oil extracts exerted different degrees of inhibitory activity against the organisms. The inhibition of the test isolates was dependent on the dissolution solvent used. Methanolic oil mixture inhibited all bacteria and fungi. Ethanol oil mixture inhibited the test bacteria and C. albicans while, the oil extract dissolved in Tween 80 solution showed no inhibitory activity on the test fungi. This study has shown that grape peels from Nigeria contain some antibiotic principles which may be explored for use in the treatment of certain diseases.

关键词： Antimicrobial Bacteria Essential Oils Fungi GC-MS grape Inhibition

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Physiological Response to High Temperature and Evaluation of Heat Tolerance of Different grape Cultivars

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2022年第1期11卷 47-54,85页

作者： Jiuyun WU Guixiang XU Weijia LIAN Ya CHEN Haifeng LI Yongxiang LIU Jianfu JIANG Jinghui WEN Turpan Research institute of Agricultural Sciences Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesTurpan 838000China College of Agronomy Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832000China Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou 450009China Institute of Pomology Jilin Academy of Agricultural ScienceGongzhuling 136100China

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the differences in the physiological responses of different grape cultivars to high temperature.[Methods]The 19 tested cultivars were selected from the grape germplasm resources pool of Turpan Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural *** physiological indexes including gas exchange parameters,chlorophyll content,antioxidant enzyme activity and proline content were determined in grape leaves under field conditions during the middle period of local natural high temperature period(July,daily maximum air temperature>35℃).The heat tolerance of different cultivars was evaluated by fuzzy membership function analysis and optimum partitioning clustering of ordered samples.[Results](1)Under natural high temperature conditions in Turpan,the 19 tested grape cultivars responded differently to high temperature.‘Red Globe’,‘Fujiminori’,‘Beta’,‘Hetianhuang’had strong heat tolerance,while‘Thompson Seedless’,‘Hongqi Tezaomeigui’,‘Shuijing Wuhe’,‘Victoria’,‘Yatomi Rosa’and‘Crimson Seedless’had weak heat tolerance.(2)Among the 12 physiological indexes,malondialdehyde content and antioxidant enzyme activity were mostly different among various grape *** grape cultivars with strong heat tolerance,‘Red Globe’and‘Fujiminori’,had relatively lower malondialdehyde contents,while‘Beta’and‘Hetianhuang’had relatively higher malondialdehyde *** they had higher activity of antioxidant enzymes.(3)The results of fuzzy membership function analysis showed that the cumulative membership value(AR)of each physiological index was consistent with its apparent heat tolerance performance,suggesting that AR can be a potential index for the evaluation of heat tolerance of grape *** cluster analysis classified the tested cultivars as strong,medium and weak.‘Red Globe’,‘Fujiminori’,‘Beta’and‘Hetianhuang’had strong heat tolerance.[Conclusions]This study provides a reference for grape cultivation under hig

关键词： grape Physiological index High temperature response Heat tolerance

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Antioxidant Activity, Antiproliferation of Colon Cancer Cells, and Chemical Composition of grape Pomace

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第6期2卷 530-540页

作者： John W. Parry Haiwen Li Jia-Ren Liu Kequan Zhou Lei Zhang Shuxin Ren Agricultural Research Station Virginia State University Petersburg VA

Chardonnay and Tinta Cao grape pomaces were generated by the winemaking process. The pomaces were extracted with 50% acetone and tested for antioxidant capacities using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, DPPH□EC50 , and ABTS.+ scavenging capacity tests. Cytotoxicity and antiproliferative activities against Caco-2 and HT-29 human colon cancer cell lines were also analyzed. The quantitative detection of caspase-3 activity during the early apoptotic process was evaluated by fluorometric immunosorbent enzyme assay (FIENA). Induction of late stage apoptosis was analyzed by DNA fragmentation. Total phenolic content (TPC), individual phenolic acids, total oil, and fatty acid profile were also analyzed. The Tinta Cao pomace had the highest antioxidant capacity in all tests with an ORAC value of 386.5 μmol trolox equivalents (TE) per g pomace (μmol TE/g), its DPPH□EC50 value was 94.6 mg equivalents/L, and its ABTS.+ value was 806.7 μmol TE/g, which was more than twice as high as the Chardonnay. Both Tinta Cao and Chardonnay grape pomace extracts appear to contain components that inhibit the proliferation of Caco-2 and HT-29 cancer cells, at least in part, by triggering apoptosis. Expression of caspase-3 was induced by Tinta Cao and Chardonnay pomace extracts at 3 g/L after 4 hours of treatment with a 308% and 229% increase compared to control, respectively. An increase in DNA fragmentation was also observed with both grape pomace treatments. This study demonstrated that these tested grape pomaces were potent scavengers of free radicals and may provide some level of protection against certain cancers.

关键词： grape Pomace Antioxidant Free Radical Scavenging ORAC DPPH HT-29 Caco-2 Apoptosis DNA Fragmentation Caspase-3 TPC

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Effect of Gamma Irradiation Doses on Morphological and Biochemical Attributes of grape Saplings

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第5期6卷 505-512页

作者： A. F. M. Saiful Islam M. Muzahedul Islam Md. Mehedi Hasan Md. Mehedi Hasan Department of Crop Botany & Tea Production Technology Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh

The demand of grape in Bangladesh is fulfilled through import from foreign countries. The fruits of local cultivars of grapes are sour and seeded. Development of seedless grape varieties having increased sweetness, higher yield with better nutritional quality is necessary to reduce the import dependency. The present research activities are the part of a grape improvement project. A pot experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, during June to November 2011 to determine the suitable gamma irradiation doses on growth, leaf area and biochemical characters of grape saplings. Three vegetative bud stages viz. bud initiation stage, 4-leaf stage and 8-leaf stage, and four doses of gamma irradiation viz. 0, 5, 10, and 15 Gy were used as treatments. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. Different irradiation doses and vegetative bud stages showed significant variations in respect of plant growth characters, leaf area, soluble protein and total sugar content. Interaction effects also had significant variations on most of the parameters studied. Higher doses of gamma irradiation had showed detrimental effect on grape saplings. Generally, increased in irradiation doses showed decreased and detrimental effects on most of the parameters under study. Maximum numbers and length of roots, total dry matter, leaf area and chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b content were found at 5 Gy irradiation dose. Total soluble protein and sugar content of leaf were found maximum at no irradiation and 15 Gy, respectively. Higher number of roots and length, total dry matter, leaf area, chlorophyll-a, and b and soluble protein content of leaf were observed at bud initiation stage while 8-leaf stage showed maximum total sugar of leaf. In the combined effect of gamma irradiation and vegetative bud stages, all parameters showed best results in 5 Gy with bud initiation stage except total sugar content of

关键词： grape Sapling Gamma Irradiation Morphological and Biochemical Parameters Leaf Area Soluble Protein

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Structural Analysis of Chloroplast rbcL Gene from grape (Vitis vinifera L.)

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Developmental and Reproductive Biology 1993年第2期2卷 10-18页

作者：黄瑶李朝銮马诚吴乃虎 Graduate student of Master Program in Chengdu Institute of Biology Academia Sinica. Institute of Zoology Academia Sinica Beijing 100080 Developmental and Reproductive Biology Institute of Developmental Biology Academia Sinica Beijing 100080 Chengdu institute of Biology Academia Sinica Chengdu 610041

The 3.1 kb BamHI fragment containing the chloroplast rbcL gene from grape (Vitis vinifera L) hasbeen cloned and its restriction map and nucleotide sequence determined. The complete nucleotidesequence is 20O4 bp long with a coding sequence of 1428 bp, which cncode a polypeptide of 475amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 53 kd. The 5' upstream sequence including theputative promoter is 358 bp, with a -10 sequence (TAAAAT), a -35 sequence (TTGCGC) and theSD sequence (GGAGG). The 218 bp long 3' downstream sequence contains three transcription stem-loop tendnation structures. The homologies of this gene with those of tobacco, petunia, spinach,alfalfa, rice and maise are 91.5%, 91.4% 90.2%, 89.8%, 86.3% and 84.5% respectively while thehomologies between their putative polypeptide sequences are 92.2% 91.6%, 92.2%, 93.7%, 93.5%and 90.1% respectively.

关键词： grape rbcL Gene DNA Sequencing Promoter

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