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Investigation of Pain Mechanisms by Calcium imaging Approaches

Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第1期34卷 194-199页

作者： Michael Anderson Qin Zheng Xinzhong Dong The Solomon H.Snyder Department of Neuroscience Center for Sensory Biology School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University Howard Hughes Medical Institute School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University

Due to the complex circuitry and plethora of cell types involved in somatosensation, it is becoming increasingly important to be able to observe cellular activity at the population level. In addition, since cells rely on an intricate variety of extracellular factors, it is important to strive to maintain the physiological environment. Many electrophysiological techniques require the implementation of artificially-produced physiological environments and it can be difficult to assess the activity of many cells simultane- ously. Moreover, imaging Ca^2＋ transients using Ca^2＋- sensitive dyes often requires in vitro preparations or in vivo injections, which can lead to variable expression levels. With the development of more sensitive geneticallyencoded Ca^2＋ indicators （GECIs） it is now possible to observe changes in Ca^2＋ transients in large populations of cells at the same time. Recently, groups have used a GECI called gcamp to address fundamental questions in somatosensation. Researchers can now induce gcamp expression in the mouse genome using viral or gene knock- in approaches and observe the activity of populations of cells in the pain pathway such as dorsal root ganglia （DRG）, spinal neurons, or glia. This approach can be used in vivo and thus maintains the organism＇s biological integrity. The implementation of gcamp imaging has led to many advances in our understanding of somatosensation. Here, we review the current findings in pain research using gcamp imaging as well as discussing potential method- ological considerations.

关键词： DRG Spinal cord gcamp imaging Pain pathways Neural circuit

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