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直接酯化耦合gc-ms快速分析不同产地杜仲种籽的脂肪酸组成及亚麻酸含量

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粮食与油脂 2016年第11期29卷 53-55页

作者：章平平唐传球汉江师范学院生物化学与环境工程系湖北十堰442000

以10个产地杜仲籽为原料,采用直接酯化法对杜仲种籽的脂肪酸甲酯进行了提取,并采用gc–ms法分析了脂肪酸组成及亚麻酸含量。结果表明：种籽中均含有丰富的不饱和脂肪酸,其中亚麻酸组成介于55.21%-61.49%之间,含量最高地区为湖北十堰（16... 详细信息

以10个产地杜仲籽为原料,采用直接酯化法对杜仲种籽的脂肪酸甲酯进行了提取,并采用gc–ms法分析了脂肪酸组成及亚麻酸含量。结果表明：种籽中均含有丰富的不饱和脂肪酸,其中亚麻酸组成介于55.21%-61.49%之间,含量最高地区为湖北十堰（168.9 mg/g干重）,最低为江苏宿迁（142.0 mg/g干重）;直接甲酯法操作简单,重复性和再现性均满足要求,可应用于快速分析多种油料种籽脂肪酸的组成及含量。

关键词：杜仲亚麻酸 gc–ms 直接酯化法

Germination inhibitors detected in Sapium sebiferum seeds

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第6期30卷 2305-2312页

作者： Tingting Zhao Cunmeng Qian Yunpeng Gao Li Chen Mingwei Zhu Yueting Pan Shuxian Li Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry University

This study identifies endogenous inhibitors of germination associated with seed dormancy in Sapium sebiferum,Chinese *** extracts were separated into five distinct fractions(petroleum ether,ether,ethyl acetate,methanol,and aqueous)and tested for their effect on germination of cabbage *** were no significant differences in germination percentages and germination index(GI)between the solvents and the *** five fractions differentially reduced germination percentage and GI values of cabbage *** to the GI results,the greatest inhibition was with the ether fraction followed by methanol,ethyl acetate,petroleum ether,and aqueous *** chromatography–mass spectrometry identified the constituents of the four organic *** with the mass spectrum of the National Institute of Standards and Technology library,a compound was confirmed,provided it was more than 85%*** of ether extracts identified four compounds:butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT;19.7%),1,2-benzenediol(4.1%),phydroxycinnamic acid,ethyl ester(2.8%),and n-hexadecanoic acid(1.4%).Fourteen,20,and 9 compounds were identified in methanol,ethyl acetate,and petroleum ether extracts,*** IC50 of BHT(the concentration at which BHT inhibits radicle growth by 50%)was 54.8 mg/L,indicating that the presence of BHT might be the primary cause of dormancy in *** seeds.

关键词： Sapium sebiferum Dormancy Germination inhibitors gc–ms Constituent

Metabolite variation in hybrid corn grain from a large-scale multisite study

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The Crop Journal 2016年第3期4卷 177-187页

作者： Mingjie Chen R.Shyama Prasad Rao Yiming Zhang Cathy Zhong Jay J.Thelen Haixia Institute of Science and Technology Horticulture Biology and Metabolomics CenterFujian Agriculture and Forestry University Department of Biochemistry Christopher S.Bond Life Science CenterUniversity of Missouri Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Division Yenepoya Research CenterYenepoya University Regulatory Group Du Pont Experimental Station

Metabolite composition is strongly affected by genotype,environment,and interactions between genotype and environment,although the extent of variation caused by these factors may depend upon the type of *** characterize the complexity of genotype,environment,and their interaction in hybrid seeds,50 genetically diverse non-genetically modified(GM) maize hybrids were grown in six geographically diverse locations in North *** metabolites from 553 harvested corn grain samples were isolated and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and 45 metabolites detected in all samples were used to generate a data matrix for statistical *** was moderate variation among biological replicates and across genotypes and test *** genotype effects were detected by univariate and Hierarchical clustering analyses(HCA) when environmental effects were ***,environment exerted larger effects than genotype,and polar metabolite accumulation showed a geographic *** conclude that it is possible to increase seed polar metabolite content in hybrid corn by selection of appropriate inbred lines and growing regions.

关键词： Corn grain Genotype Environment gc–ms Metabolomics

Interdisciplinary researches for potential developments of drugs and natural products

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第4期7卷 378-384页

作者： Arunrat Chaveerach Runglawan Sudmoon Tawatchai Tanee Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceKhon Kaen University Genetics and Environmental Toxicology Research Group Khon Kaen University Faculty of Law Khon Kaen University Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies Mahasarakham University

Developments of drugs or natural products from plants are possibly made, simple to use and lower cost than modern *** development processes can be started with studying local wisdom and literature reviews to choose the plants which have long been used in diverse areas, such as foods, traditional medicine, fragrances and *** those data will be associated with scientific researches, namely plant collection and identification, phytochemical screening by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,pharmacological study/review for their functions, and finally safety and efficiency tests in *** safety testing, in vitro cell toxicity by cell viability assessment and in vitro testing of DNA breaks by the comet assay in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells can be *** active chemicals and functions containing plants were chosen with safety and efficacy for human uses, then, the potential medicinal natural products will be *** on these procedures, the producing cost will be cheaper and the products can be evaluated for their clinical ***, the best and lowest-priced medicines and natural products can be distributed worldwide.

关键词： Cell viability Comet assay Drug development gc–ms

Bio-oil and biochar production using thermal and catalytic pyrolysis of low-value waste neem seeds over low-cost catalysts:effects of operating conditions on product yields and studies of physicochemical characteristics of bio-oil and biochar

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Biochar 2021年第4期3卷 641-656页

作者： Ranjeet Kumar Mishra Kaustubha Mohanty Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahati 781039India

This study addressed a comparative assessment of the effect of low-cost catalysts on the yield and physicochemical properties of *** and catalytic pyrolysis of neem seeds(NM)was conducted in a fixed bed semi-batch reactor at optimum conditions(550°C temperature,80°C min−1 heating rate,0.5 mm particle size,and 100 mL min−1 sweep gas flow rate).The produced bio-oil and biochar were characterized through thermal stability,elemental composition(CHNS),higher heating value(HHV),Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(NMR)spectroscopy,Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy(FESEM),Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(gc-ms),zeta potential,water-holding capacity(WHC),and BET(Brunauer,Emmett and Teller)surface area ***,it was noticed that the use of catalysts at optimized condition substantially boosted the quality and yield of *** results established that thermal pyrolysis yielded 49.53 wt.%of bio-oil,while catalytic pyrolysis yielded(51.25 wt.%,53.12 wt.%,48.68 wt.%,and 50.65 wt.%for MgO,NaOH,Al_(2)O_(3),and ZSM-5,respectively)at 20 wt.%catalyst *** physicochemical study of bio-oil confirmed improved properties of bio-oil in terms of viscosity,heating value,pH and carbon ***,the FTIR study of bio-oil indicates the occurrence of phenolic products,aromatics,ketones,acidic compounds,esters,alcohol and aldehyde impurities,whereas 1H NMR study supported FTIR ***-ms study demonstrated that the introduc-tion of catalysts significantly reduced the oxygenated substances,acidic products,phenolic compounds and substantially increased the ***,characterization results of neem seed biochar(NMC)established the existence of HHV(23.26 MJ kg^(−1)),carbon content(62.66%),zeta potential(31.68 mV),water holding capacity(41.50%)and lower BET surface area(4.60 m^(2)g^(−1)).

关键词： Waste neem seeds Pyrolysis Catalysts Bio-fuel gc–ms FTIR 1H NMR Biochar FESEM

Chemical constituents, in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic potentials of the extracts from Macaranga barteri Mull-Arg

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第7期7卷 654-659页

作者： Akintayo Ogundajo Benjamin Okeleye Anofi Omotayo Ashafa Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group Department of Plant Sciences University of the Free State Qwaqwa Campus Phuthaditjhaba 9866 South Africa

Objectives: To investigate antimicrobial and cytotoxic potentials as well as chemical constituents of extracts from Macaranga barteri(M. barteri).Methods: Antimicrobial activity was carried out using micro-dilution, cell culture and gc–ms methods were employed to determine the cytotoxicity and chemical constituents of the extracts ***: Marked activity was observed in methanol(ME) fraction [MIC_(50):(0.097 7–6.250 0) mg/mL] compared to hexane and ethyl acetate fractions. Aeromonas hydrophila(environmental strain) and Shigella sonnei(ATCC 29930) were the most susceptible pathogens to ME and ciprofloxacin(Cl) at MIC_(50) value of 0.097 7 and < 0.019 5 mg/mL respectively. Cryptococcus neoformans(ATCC 66031) was susceptible to ME at 0.195 3 mg/mL compared to fluconazole at 10.000 0 mg/mL. Decreased viability of the Vero cells was observed at the concentrations of 0.1–1.0 mg/mL. The lethal dose(LC_(50))of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions were recorded at(0.30 ± 0.07),(0.52 ± 0.05) and(0.22 ± 0.04) mg/mL, respectively. Some of the compounds identified from ME were caryophyllene(25.21%), neophytadiene(11.90%), a-humulene(7.67%),phytol(4.40%), ethyl ester hexadecanoic acid(4.04%) and nerolidol(2.83%) which were known to have various antimicrobial ***: Methanol fraction of M. barteri is a potent and safe antimicrobial and antifungal alternative which can be useful in the search for new antimicrobial drugs. The study also confirmed the orthodox usage of M. barteri in combating infectious diseases.

关键词： Macaranga barteri gc–ms Antimicrobial Cytotoxicity

Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of essential oils and extracts of sweet basil(Ocimum basilicum L.)plants

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2019年第3期8卷 299-305页

作者： Adel F.Ahmed Fatma A.K.Attia Zhenhua Liu Changqin Li Jinfeng Wei Wenyi Kang National R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Researches Department Horticulture Research InstituteAgricultural Research CenterEgypt Joint International Research Laboratory of Food&Medicine Resource Function Henan ProvinceKaifeng 475004China Department of Ornamental Medicinal and Aromatic PlantsFaculty of AgricultureAssiut UniversityEgypt

The present study was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oils and ethanol extracts of Ocimum basilicum *** from Assiut,Minia and BeniSuef of *** major constituents of sweet basil essential oils from three locations were linalool,estragole,methyl cinnamate,bicyclosesquiphellandrene,eucalyptol,-bergamotene,eugenol,-cadinene and germacrene D by the method of gc–*** relative concentration of these compounds *** basil extracts contained appreciable levels of total phenolic contents and exhibited good DPPH radical scavenging capacity higher than that of essential *** highest TPC(82.45 mg PE/g)and maximum radical scavenging activity with IC50 value(1.29 mg/mL)was obtained from Minia basil *** correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents of basil extracts was *** variation in free radical scavenging activity of essential oils was *** essential oil from Minia basil showed high activity in DPPH radical scavenging with IC50(11.23 mg/mL)and contained the highest content of phenolic(41.3 mg PE/g).On contrary,low correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents of basil essential oils from different *** results of the present investigation demonstrated significant variations in the antioxidant activities of sweet basil essential oils and extracts from Egypt.

关键词： Ocimum basilicum Essential oils gc–ms Total phenolic contents Antioxidant activities

Cloning and characterization of the gene encoding β-amyrin synthase in the glycyrrhizic acid biosynthetic pathway in Glycyrrhiza uralensis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2013年第6期3卷 416-424页

作者： Honghao Chen Ying Liu Xiaoqin Zhang Xinjie Zhan Chunsheng Liu School of Chinese Pharmacy Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100102China

Glycyrrhiza uralensis is considered to be one of the most important herbs in traditional Chinese medicine due to its numerous pharmacological effects particularly its ability to relieve cough and act as a *** on previous research,these effects are mediated by a number of active ingredients,especially glycyrrhizic acid(GA).In the present study,a gene encodingβ-amyrin synthase(β-AS)involved in GA biosynthesis in *** has been cloned and expressed in Saccharomyces *** cloned enzyme showed similar activity to native enzymes isolated from other Glycyrrhiza species to catalyze the conversion of 2,3-oxidosqualene intoβ-*** fact theβ-AS gene is particularly important in the GA biosynthetic pathway in *** complete sequence of the enzyme was determined and a phylogenetic tree based on theβ-AS gene of *** and 20 other species was *** showed that Glycyrrhiza glabra had the closest kinship with *** results of this work will be useful in determining how to improve the efficacy of *** by improving its GA content and in exploring the biosynthesis of GA in vitro.

关键词： β-Amyrin synthase Glycyrrhiza uralensis Glycyrrhizic acid Molecular cloning Heterologous expression gc–ms

Chemical composition of essential oil of Thymus vulgaris collected from Saudi Arabian market

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第2期7卷 147-150页

作者： Abdulrahman Khazim Al-Asmari Md Tanwir Athar Ahmed Abdullah Al-Faraidy Mohammed Salim Almuhaiza Department of Research Center Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Psychiatry Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Dentistry Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia

Objective: To focus on the analysis of chemical constituents of the Thymus vulgaris L.(locally known as "Zaitra" or "Za'atar"; Family: Lamiaceae) which is available in the market of Saudi ***: The Zaitra oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The mass spectra were compared with the standard spectra available in National Institute Standard and Technique ***: The results indicated that the Thymus oil is composed of many chemical compounds including a pinene, thymol and caryophyllene which are biologically active and also used in various ***: It can be concluded that the Thymus vulgaris due to presence of many bioactive compounds can be used as a new potential source of medicine for the treatment of various types of illness.

关键词： Essential oil gc–ms Saudi Arabian herbs Thymus vulgaris