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Influence of the Earth's rotation on measurement of gravitational constant g with the time-of-swing method

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第2期29卷 137-141页

作者： Jie Luo Tao Dong Cheng-gang Shao Yu-Jie Tan Hui-Jie Zhang School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement&Hubei Key Laboratory of gravitation and Quantum Physics PGMF and School of PhysicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

In the measurement of the Newtonian gravitational constant g with the time-of-swing method,the influence of the Earth's rotation has been roughly estimated before,which is far beyond the current experimental ***,we present a more complete theoretical modeling and assessment *** figure out this effect,we use the relativistic Lagrangian expression to derive the motion equations of the torsion *** the correlation method and typical parameters,we estimate that the influence of the Earth's rotation on g measurement is far less than 1 ppm,which may need to be considered in the future high-accuracy experiments of determining the gravitational constant g.

关键词： the Earth's rotation relativistic Lagrangian g measurement time-of-swing method

Control of grain size by g protein signaling in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第5期61卷 533-540页

作者： Ran Xu Na Li Yunhai Li State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Genetics and Developmental Biologythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China

Heterotrimeric g proteins are involved in multiple cellular processes in eukaryotes by sensing and transducing various signals. g protein signaling in plants is quite different from that in animals, and the mechanisms of plant g protein signaling are still largely unknown. Several recent studies have provided new insights into the mechanisms of g protein signaling in rice grain size and yield control. In this review,we summarize recent advances on the function of g proteins in rice grain size control and discuss the potential genetic and molecular mechanisms of plant g protein signaling.

关键词： Heterotrimeric g proteins cellular processes in eukaryotes g protein signaling

g protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 inhibition improves erectile function through amelioration of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in a rat model of type 2 diabetes

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第1期21卷 74-79页

作者： Zhi-Hua Wan Yuan-Jie Zhang Lin Chen Yong-Lian guo guo-Hao Li Ding Wu Yong Wang Department of Urology The Central Hospital of WuhanTongll Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430014China

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)is a common cause of erectile dysfunction (ED).It has been demonstrated that g protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (gRK2)overexpression contributes to diabetic endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress,which also underlies ED in *** hypothesized that gRK2 overexpressed and attenuated endothelial function of the cavernosal tissue in a rat model of T2DM.T2DM rats were established by feeding with a high-fat diet (HFD)for 2 weeks and then administering two intraperitoneal (IP) injections of a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ),followed by continuous feeding with a HFD for 6 ***2 was inhibited by IP injection of paroxetine,a selective gRK2 inhibitor,after STZ *** challenge tests,intracavernous pressure (ICP), gRK2 expression,the protein kinase B (Akt)/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)pathway,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)oxidase subunit gp91phox,nitric oxide (NO),reactive oxygen species (ROS)production,and apoptosis in cavernosal tissue were *** response to insulin injection was observed in T2DM rats 2 weeks after *** increased gRK2 expression,along with impaired Akt/eNOS pathway,reduced NO production,increased gp91phox expression and ROS generation,increased apoptosis and impaired erectile function were found in T2DM *** of gRK2 with paroxetine ameliorated Akt/eNOS signaling,restored NO production,downregulated NADPH oxidase,subsequently inhibited ROS generation and apoptosis,and ultimately preserved erectile *** results indicated that gRK2 upregulation may be an important mechanism underlying T2DM ED,and gRK2 inhibition may be a potential therapeutic strategy for T2DM ED.

关键词： endothelial dysfunction erectile dysfunction g protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 oxidative stress type 2 diabetes mellitus

gPER agonist g1 suppresses neuronal apoptosis mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第7期14卷 1221-1229页

作者： Zi-Wei Han Yue-Chen Chang Ying Zhou Hang Zhang Long Chen Yang Zhang Jun-Qiang Si Li Li Department of Physiology Medical College of Shihezi University Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease Shihezi University School of Medicine Affiliated Teng Zhou Central People's Hospital Jining Medical University Department of Physiology Jiaxing College of Medicine

Studies have confirmed a strong association between activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) *** this study,three key proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway(glucose-regulated protein 78,caspase-12,and C/EBP homologous protein) were selected to examine the potential mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the neuroprotective effect of g protein-coupled estrogen *** Sprague-Dawley rats received ovariectomy(OVX),and then cerebral I/R rat models(OVX+ I/R) were established by middle cerebral artery *** after I/R,rat models were injected with 100 μg/kg E2(OVX + I/R +E2),or 100 μg/kg g protein-coupled estrogen receptor agonist g1(OVX + I/R + g1) in the lateral *** scoring was used to detect neurobehavioral changes in each *** volumes were measured by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride *** changes in neurons were observed by Nissl *** dexynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end-labeling staining revealed that compared with the OVX + I/R group,neurological function was remarkably improved,infarct volume was reduced,number of normal Nissl bodies was dramatically increased,and number of apoptotic neurons in the hippocampus was decreased after E2 and g1 *** detect the expression and distribution of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum,caspase-12 distribution and expression were detected by immunofluorescence,and mRNA and protein levels of glucose-regulated protein 78,caspase-12,and C/EBP homologous protein were determined by polymerase chain reaction and western blot *** results showed that compared with the OVX+ I/R group,E2 and g1 treatment obviously decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of glucose-regulated protein 78,C/EBP homologous protein,and ***,the g protein-coupled estrogen receptor antagonist g15(OVX + I/R + E2 + g15) could eli

关键词： nerve regeneration cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury estrogen g protein-coupled estrogen receptor g1 g15 endoplasmic reticulum stress glucose-regulated protein 78 caspase-12 C/EBP homologous protein neuronal apoptosis neural regeneration

g protein-coupled receptor 37(gPR37) emerges as an important modulator of adenosinergic transmission in the striatum

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第11期14卷 1912-1914页

作者： Xavier Morato Rodrigo A. Cunha Francisco Ciruela Unitat de Farmacologia Departament Patologia i Terapeutica ExperimentalFacultat de MedicinaInstituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)Universitat de BarcelonaL’Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpainInstitut de NeurocienciesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain (Morato X Ciruela F) Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC)-Center for Neurosciences and Cell BiologyUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugalFaculty of MedicineUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal

g protein-coupled receptor 37 (gPR37), also known as parkin associated endothelin-like (Pael) receptor, is an orphan g protein- coupled receptor, which suffers a defective parking ubiquitination in autosomal recessive Parkinson’s disease promoting its endoplasmic reticulum aggregation and stress, neurotoxicity and neuronal death (Takahashi and Imai, 2003). Interestingly, we have demonstrated previously that gPR37 heteromerizes with adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) in the striatum (Morato et al., 2017;Sokolina et al., 2017).

关键词： g protein-coupled receptor 37(gPR37) important modulator adenosinergic transmission

Serological prevalence and risk factor analysis of hepatitis g virus infection in Hubei Province of China

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2000年第4期6卷 585-587页

作者： De Ying Tian Dao Feng Yang Ning Shao Xia Zheng gang Zhang Hong Bo Lei Yuan Cheng Huang Department of Infectious Diseases Tongji HospitalTongji Medical UniversityWuhan 430030Hubei ProvinceChina Unit of National genetic Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005Fujian ProvinceChina

Hepatitis g virus (HgV),also known as gB virus C, is a recently cloned virus which may be associated with human non A-E hepatitis[1，2] It is parenterally transmitted and usually coinfected or superinfected with hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus[3-5]. Some investigations have been reported on the seroprevalence and molecular prevalence of HgV infection in different areas and different population[6-15]. Current infection of HgV is diagnosed by detection of HgV RNA, and past infection with HgV is detectable by testing anti-HgV envelope protein (E2)[16-17]. To investigate the prevalence of HgV in Hubei Province, a central area of the People's Republic of China, ELISA and RT-PCR were employed to detect serum anti-HgV and HgV RNA in 1516 patients who were divided into 16 groups.

关键词： hepatitis g virus enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay risk factors polymerase chain reaction prevalence transcription genetic

g protein-coupled estrogen receptor in colon function, immune regulation and carcinogenesis

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2019年第30期25卷 4092-4104页

作者： Damian Jacenik Ellen J Beswick Wanda M Krajewska Eric R Prossnitz Department of Cytobiochemistry Faculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of LodzLodz 90-236Poland Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicineand UNM Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131United States Division of gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of Internal MedicineSchool of MedicineUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84132United States

Estrogens play important roles in the development and progression of multiple tumor *** evidence points to the significance of estrogen action not only in tumors of hormonally regulated tissues such as the breast,endometrium and ovary,but also in the development of colorectal cancer(CRC).The effects of estrogens in physiological and pathophysiological conditions are mediated by the nuclear estrogen receptorsαandβ,as well as the membranebound g protein-coupled estrogen receptor(gPER).The roles of gPER in CRC development and progression,however,remain poorly *** on the functions of gPER in the colon have shown that this estrogen receptor regulates colonic motility as well as immune responses in CRC-associated diseases,such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative *** is also involved in cell cycle regulation,endoplasmic reticulum stress,proliferation,apoptosis,vascularization,cell migration,and the regulation of fatty acid and estrogen metabolism in CRC ***,multiple lines of evidence suggest that gPER may play an important role in colorectal *** this review,we present the current state of knowledge regarding the contribution of gPER to colon function and CRC.

关键词： g protein-coupled estrogen receptor Colorectal cancer Proliferation Migration Colonic motility Inflammatory bowel disease

Roles of g protein-coupled receptors in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2020年第12期26卷 1242-1261页

作者： Zhen Zeng Arjudeb Mukherjee Adwin Pidiyath Varghese Xiao-Li Yang Sha Chen Hu Zhang Department of gastroenterology Centre for Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 410061Sichuan ProvinceChina West China School of Medicine Sichuan UniversityChengdu 410061Sichuan ProvinceChina

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a complex disease with multiple pathogenic *** the pathogenesis of IBD is still unclear,a current hypothesis suggests that genetic susceptibility,environmental factors,a dysfunctional immune system,the microbiome,and the interactions of these factors substantially contribute to the occurrence and development of *** existing and emerging drugs have been proven to be effective in treating IBD,none can cure IBD permanently.g protein-coupled receptors(gPCRs)are critical signaling molecules implicated in the immune response,cell proliferation,inflammation regulation and intestinal barrier *** in the understanding of the structures and functions of gPCRs have provided a driving force for exploring the roles of gPCRs in the pathogenesis of diseases,thereby leading to the development of gPCR-targeted *** date,a number of gPCRs have been shown to be associated with IBD,significantly advancing the drug discovery process for *** associations between gPCRs and disease activity,disease severity,and disease phenotypes have also paved new avenues for the precise management of patients with *** this review,we mainly focus on the roles of the most studied proton-sensing gPCRs,cannabinoid receptors,and estrogen-related gPCRs in the pathogenesis of IBD and their potential clinical values in IBD and some other diseases.

关键词： g protein-coupled receptors Inflammatory bowel disease Pathogenesis Signaling pathway Drug discovery

Overexpression of g protein-coupled receptor 31 as a poor prognosticator in human colorectal cancer

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2018年第41期24卷 4679-4690页

作者： Yu-Ming Rong Xiao-Ming Huang De-Jun Fan Xu-Tao Lin Feng Zhang Jian-Cong Hu Ying-Xin Tan Xi Chen Yi-Feng Zou Ping Lan VIP Region Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery the Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510655Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of gastrointestinal Endoscopy the Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510655Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rheumatology the Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510655Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Colorectal Surgery the Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510655Guangdong ProvinceChina guangdong Institute of gastroenterology guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases the Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510655Guangdong ProvinceChina

AIM To investigate the expression of g protein-coupled receptor 31 (gPR31) and its clinical significance in human colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS To determine the association between the gPR31 expression and the prognosis of patients, we obtained paraffin-embedded pathological specimens from 466 CRC patients who underwent initial resection. A total of 321 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 1996 to December 2008 were included as a training cohort, whereas 145 patients from the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2007 to November 2008 were included as a validation cohort. We examined gPR31 expression levels in CRC tissues from two independent cohorts via immunohistochemical staining. All patients were categorized into either a gPR31 low expression group or a gPR31 high expression group. The clinicopathological factors and the prognosis of patients in the gPR31 low expression group and gPR31 high expression group were *** We compared the clinicopathological factors and the prognosis of patients in the gPR31 low expression group and gPR31 high expression group. Significant differences were observed in the number of patients in pM classification between patients in the gPR31 low expression group and gPR31 high expression group (P = 0.007). The five-year survival and tumor-free survival rates of patients were 84.3% and 82.2% in the gPR31 low expression group, respectively, and both rates were 59.7% in the gPR31 high expression group (P gression model revealed that gPR31 upregulation was associated with shorter overall survival and tumor-free survival of patients with CRC (P gPR31 expression in colorectal cancer as an independent predictive factor of CRC patient survival (P gh gPR31 expression levels were found to be correlated with pM classification of CRC and to serve as

关键词： g protein-coupled receptor 31 Colorectal cancer Predictive factor Metastasis Clinical significance